{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:S6QMQ55OO32225VDE6JKGK3I7D","short_pith_number":"pith:S6QMQ55O","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1812.03785","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2018-12-10T13:37:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"56126f6dac5ed0e8fe614cc0f486bf5efbbc4f8ea7e1001a827a5a6e80c96bc2","abstract_canon_sha256":"fc8d4ba52d63641e4766098c9a48d4603f4366c1eed9ab355b11e2a7eac02562"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"97a0c877ae76f5ad76a32792a32b68f8c0f57ce5a2edcf6baa0c0a31c109677c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1812.03785","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1812.03785","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1812.03785v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1812.03785","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"S6QMQ55OO322","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"S6QMQ55OO32225VD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"S6QMQ55O","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:S6QMQ55OO32225VDE6JKGK3I7D","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1812.03785","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2018-12-10T13:37:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"56126f6dac5ed0e8fe614cc0f486bf5efbbc4f8ea7e1001a827a5a6e80c96bc2","abstract_canon_sha256":"fc8d4ba52d63641e4766098c9a48d4603f4366c1eed9ab355b11e2a7eac02562"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"97a0c877ae76f5ad76a32792a32b68f8c0f57ce5a2edcf6baa0c0a31c109677c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:43.866835Z","signature_b64":"x4ebDM9boQPRUR7e/dBEEwBJ5cTCNHSQjTRO5vMeQQGtgWRK9Ivzpi0YR9PxuDakD4kfs2d1NWP+SrjLw8djAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"97a0c877ae76f5ad76a32792a32b68f8c0f57ce5a2edcf6baa0c0a31c109677c","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:43.866040Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:43.866040Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1812.03785","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:43Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4lONsRWeTeuZ8b0UkKTpk3co1skZIvLwogKE+mvTC7DRtxN2HlLf7Rmt05GGOsgCHXMlYrKFZ5KGXQDnr8Y2CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T18:10:18.876996Z"},"content_sha256":"afce1670402e6bda54fb4c5f619f5beecfcf76ef3690d5709140f603527d1239","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:afce1670402e6bda54fb4c5f619f5beecfcf76ef3690d5709140f603527d1239"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:S6QMQ55OO32225VDE6JKGK3I7D","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Reflectometry Measurements of the Loss Tangent in Silicon at Millimeter Wavelengths","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","authors_text":"Alec Josaitis, Grace E. Chesmore, Jeff McMahon, Leif Jensen, Shreya Sutariya, Tony Mroczkowski","submitted_at":"2018-12-10T13:37:49Z","abstract_excerpt":"We report here on measurements of the reflectivity and loss tangent measured in the W-band (80-125 GHz) and D-band (125-180 GHz) in two samples of float zone silicon with intrinsic stoichiometry - one irradiated by neutrons, which increases the resistivity by introducing crystalline defects, and the other unperturbed. We find a loss tangent $\\tan(\\delta)$ of 2.8e-4 and 1.5e-5 for neutron-irradiated silicon and intrinsic silicon, respectively, both with an index of refraction of 3.41. The results demonstrate the applicability of silicon as a warm optical component in millimeter-wave receivers. "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1812.03785","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:43Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"teeCR/5BAPUO87eIiV2fw2lH8WJXJYLfPoazJ65kbJxRaMR8gzU+fU/8aUmY2kUOrgzSW3K7EW/2OCqgqQDvCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T18:10:18.878040Z"},"content_sha256":"5513c0c809e64a5a3e794913dda237aca82b135d6789aad8f63c77f8cb0d7769","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5513c0c809e64a5a3e794913dda237aca82b135d6789aad8f63c77f8cb0d7769"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/S6QMQ55OO32225VDE6JKGK3I7D/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/S6QMQ55OO32225VDE6JKGK3I7D/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/S6QMQ55OO32225VDE6JKGK3I7D/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-30T18:10:18Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/S6QMQ55OO32225VDE6JKGK3I7D","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/S6QMQ55OO32225VDE6JKGK3I7D/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/S6QMQ55OO32225VDE6JKGK3I7D/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/S6QMQ55OO32225VDE6JKGK3I7D/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:S6QMQ55OO32225VDE6JKGK3I7D","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fc8d4ba52d63641e4766098c9a48d4603f4366c1eed9ab355b11e2a7eac02562","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2018-12-10T13:37:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"56126f6dac5ed0e8fe614cc0f486bf5efbbc4f8ea7e1001a827a5a6e80c96bc2"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1812.03785","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1812.03785","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1812.03785v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1812.03785","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"S6QMQ55OO322","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"S6QMQ55OO32225VD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"S6QMQ55O","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5513c0c809e64a5a3e794913dda237aca82b135d6789aad8f63c77f8cb0d7769","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We report here on measurements of the reflectivity and loss tangent measured in the W-band (80-125 GHz) and D-band (125-180 GHz) in two samples of float zone silicon with intrinsic stoichiometry - one irradiated by neutrons, which increases the resistivity by introducing crystalline defects, and the other unperturbed. We find a loss tangent $\\tan(\\delta)$ of 2.8e-4 and 1.5e-5 for neutron-irradiated silicon and intrinsic silicon, respectively, both with an index of refraction of 3.41. The results demonstrate the applicability of silicon as a warm optical component in millimeter-wave receivers. ","authors_text":"Alec Josaitis, Grace E. Chesmore, Jeff McMahon, Leif Jensen, Shreya Sutariya, Tony Mroczkowski","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2018-12-10T13:37:49Z","title":"Reflectometry Measurements of the Loss Tangent in Silicon at Millimeter Wavelengths"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1812.03785","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:afce1670402e6bda54fb4c5f619f5beecfcf76ef3690d5709140f603527d1239","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fc8d4ba52d63641e4766098c9a48d4603f4366c1eed9ab355b11e2a7eac02562","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2018-12-10T13:37:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"56126f6dac5ed0e8fe614cc0f486bf5efbbc4f8ea7e1001a827a5a6e80c96bc2"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1812.03785","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"97a0c877ae76f5ad76a32792a32b68f8c0f57ce5a2edcf6baa0c0a31c109677c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"97a0c877ae76f5ad76a32792a32b68f8c0f57ce5a2edcf6baa0c0a31c109677c","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:43.866040Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:43.866040Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"x4ebDM9boQPRUR7e/dBEEwBJ5cTCNHSQjTRO5vMeQQGtgWRK9Ivzpi0YR9PxuDakD4kfs2d1NWP+SrjLw8djAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:43.866835Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1812.03785","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:afce1670402e6bda54fb4c5f619f5beecfcf76ef3690d5709140f603527d1239","sha256:5513c0c809e64a5a3e794913dda237aca82b135d6789aad8f63c77f8cb0d7769"],"state_sha256":"ab2b2bc8f294e4983e6f98f15b49d52688f123e866ad5d9142547ae8e5b58287"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wdlY+5r33QsdhCWROpsNQTmMAXLRSjGRbhuSTJlxkJRHnHTUkk1aCpdYWBjqsjmFJjJARY1Oid4klT/RptKYAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T18:10:18.881024Z","bundle_sha256":"df922f58a51e01be836493161eacc66a49b5b81c9dc8d0fd240c682a9b3e7993"}}