{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:S6R3RURHQVEIDT2655HL3CKIS6","short_pith_number":"pith:S6R3RURH","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1506.05031","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2015-06-16T16:46:24Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b92dbb17347a4546f9996ace4b2f5470354d6bd9f3d81264abbf2fef7b0d75b8","abstract_canon_sha256":"f6bb3aa6e4fe145cf22f995c1ec31e6a1f1bee2bbd0030d1751caa990ab5904c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"97a3b8d227854881cf5eef4ebd894897a64854afdb3369d0d72dee937b0c5223","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1506.05031","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1506.05031","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1506.05031v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1506.05031","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"S6R3RURHQVEI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"S6R3RURHQVEIDT26","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"S6R3RURH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:S6R3RURHQVEIDT2655HL3CKIS6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1506.05031","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2015-06-16T16:46:24Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b92dbb17347a4546f9996ace4b2f5470354d6bd9f3d81264abbf2fef7b0d75b8","abstract_canon_sha256":"f6bb3aa6e4fe145cf22f995c1ec31e6a1f1bee2bbd0030d1751caa990ab5904c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"97a3b8d227854881cf5eef4ebd894897a64854afdb3369d0d72dee937b0c5223","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:32.566174Z","signature_b64":"vZDiPYdY81l4ytE1zAHQRIq8SJ7lzQGJOTUpbANnRWIuvl6CeLrqFfZqG92/8hIaFFWNqNNFr4hekAtVsUPEAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"97a3b8d227854881cf5eef4ebd894897a64854afdb3369d0d72dee937b0c5223","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:32.565535Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:32.565535Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1506.05031","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:32Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"K0jXKAiPesYq3DgjJMsMeAgiCItDgAkTBCRc/qcDri/St95Dwrg3igtLf6eiRaKoFRy/G89MvVg1eErxySxgBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T19:20:59.692387Z"},"content_sha256":"dc94ffcc396a5648d771237a243a9d6a84e69f203a90accaf641b3fc0180972c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:dc94ffcc396a5648d771237a243a9d6a84e69f203a90accaf641b3fc0180972c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:S6R3RURHQVEIDT2655HL3CKIS6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Resonant Tunneling and Intrinsic Bistability in Twisted Graphene Structures","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"Joaquin F. Rodriguez-Nieva, Leonid S. Levitov, Mildred S. Dresselhaus","submitted_at":"2015-06-16T16:46:24Z","abstract_excerpt":"We predict that vertical transport in heterostructures formed by twisted graphene layers can exhibit a unique bistability mechanism. Intrinsically bistable $I$-$V$ characteristics arise from resonant tunneling and interlayer charge coupling, enabling multiple stable states in the sequential tunneling regime. We consider a simple trilayer architecture, with the outer layers acting as the source and drain and the middle layer floating. Under bias, the middle layer can be either resonant or non-resonant with the source and drain layers. The bistability is controlled by geometric device parameters"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1506.05031","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:32Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kOYgGffytqVyZuJJ+6slzoAedDa2iP4xSDCnZnMIVofFii8MQ/dLrYikO1OBw6LZnQtoQ/XHL3sZmPmUoJKIAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T19:20:59.693135Z"},"content_sha256":"514f380046b379c85a9781a678975f34caf645b967f79f9a0d66a63d1d689650","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:514f380046b379c85a9781a678975f34caf645b967f79f9a0d66a63d1d689650"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/S6R3RURHQVEIDT2655HL3CKIS6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/S6R3RURHQVEIDT2655HL3CKIS6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/S6R3RURHQVEIDT2655HL3CKIS6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T19:20:59Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/S6R3RURHQVEIDT2655HL3CKIS6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/S6R3RURHQVEIDT2655HL3CKIS6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/S6R3RURHQVEIDT2655HL3CKIS6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/S6R3RURHQVEIDT2655HL3CKIS6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:S6R3RURHQVEIDT2655HL3CKIS6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f6bb3aa6e4fe145cf22f995c1ec31e6a1f1bee2bbd0030d1751caa990ab5904c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2015-06-16T16:46:24Z","title_canon_sha256":"b92dbb17347a4546f9996ace4b2f5470354d6bd9f3d81264abbf2fef7b0d75b8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1506.05031","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1506.05031","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1506.05031v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1506.05031","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"S6R3RURHQVEI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"S6R3RURHQVEIDT26","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"S6R3RURH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:514f380046b379c85a9781a678975f34caf645b967f79f9a0d66a63d1d689650","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We predict that vertical transport in heterostructures formed by twisted graphene layers can exhibit a unique bistability mechanism. Intrinsically bistable $I$-$V$ characteristics arise from resonant tunneling and interlayer charge coupling, enabling multiple stable states in the sequential tunneling regime. We consider a simple trilayer architecture, with the outer layers acting as the source and drain and the middle layer floating. Under bias, the middle layer can be either resonant or non-resonant with the source and drain layers. The bistability is controlled by geometric device parameters","authors_text":"Joaquin F. Rodriguez-Nieva, Leonid S. Levitov, Mildred S. Dresselhaus","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2015-06-16T16:46:24Z","title":"Resonant Tunneling and Intrinsic Bistability in Twisted Graphene Structures"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1506.05031","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:dc94ffcc396a5648d771237a243a9d6a84e69f203a90accaf641b3fc0180972c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f6bb3aa6e4fe145cf22f995c1ec31e6a1f1bee2bbd0030d1751caa990ab5904c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2015-06-16T16:46:24Z","title_canon_sha256":"b92dbb17347a4546f9996ace4b2f5470354d6bd9f3d81264abbf2fef7b0d75b8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1506.05031","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"97a3b8d227854881cf5eef4ebd894897a64854afdb3369d0d72dee937b0c5223","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"97a3b8d227854881cf5eef4ebd894897a64854afdb3369d0d72dee937b0c5223","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:32.565535Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:32.565535Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"vZDiPYdY81l4ytE1zAHQRIq8SJ7lzQGJOTUpbANnRWIuvl6CeLrqFfZqG92/8hIaFFWNqNNFr4hekAtVsUPEAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:32.566174Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1506.05031","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:dc94ffcc396a5648d771237a243a9d6a84e69f203a90accaf641b3fc0180972c","sha256:514f380046b379c85a9781a678975f34caf645b967f79f9a0d66a63d1d689650"],"state_sha256":"bfccb5c60c6d35d1494490b8628a730465a89f0f2581f478b3e0ceb219ce51d2"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"cfq8yQqPbYzU5ZD/0QUaIVRH5HG4ouyRrM4Q4rgQMX4Kbuprb4S+g5EFDPaXrVIipihADwgcnWBz0qpvMkpAAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T19:20:59.696207Z","bundle_sha256":"ccfa8e96995ab212d5e5144d05b065a35f677e98845141f783fd4d41b6925b33"}}