{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:S73MWXPYXDNK4LFKFS5NHCJVQ6","short_pith_number":"pith:S73MWXPY","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1701.05902","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2017-01-20T19:00:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.HE"],"title_canon_sha256":"2f083eeba89743a381fdef1a77c85fdfc39abd1bb0e8194362445286d5ebacda","abstract_canon_sha256":"b229667f976fa13cf53ef96f14843a34ad87579e2280581a9617c484de5193f8"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"97f6cb5df8b8daae2caa2cbad38935878d1da818b6835c9bb84055105ebe8c3d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1701.05902","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1701.05902","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1701.05902v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1701.05902","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"S73MWXPYXDNK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"S73MWXPYXDNK4LFK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"S73MWXPY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:43Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:S73MWXPYXDNK4LFKFS5NHCJVQ6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1701.05902","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2017-01-20T19:00:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.HE"],"title_canon_sha256":"2f083eeba89743a381fdef1a77c85fdfc39abd1bb0e8194362445286d5ebacda","abstract_canon_sha256":"b229667f976fa13cf53ef96f14843a34ad87579e2280581a9617c484de5193f8"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"97f6cb5df8b8daae2caa2cbad38935878d1da818b6835c9bb84055105ebe8c3d","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:01.603556Z","signature_b64":"nPW1JJPXaiVYfJ5Z+6OVqoh00yxLkTZK/mkbspxh5P1+rNdcvfc4gKC5BNePzM5dK0yZv3w90VGE2R/y+Kc3Dw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"97f6cb5df8b8daae2caa2cbad38935878d1da818b6835c9bb84055105ebe8c3d","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:01.602925Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:01.602925Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1701.05902","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"X6PhNFpidBvubWpw47EdHKI2AdwrEsZjjtGgJoXCwHMFCUocmFPp1KNwGCy2Gd62VJiDWVSQqiy6P+QGKNoIDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-21T15:58:50.306610Z"},"content_sha256":"4ce38f263d0c3b0b83fbfab80d4355058c8809bfc8c7fa11d4ec0e68462eb2ee","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4ce38f263d0c3b0b83fbfab80d4355058c8809bfc8c7fa11d4ec0e68462eb2ee"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:S73MWXPYXDNK4LFKFS5NHCJVQ6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Dust Formation and the Binary Companions of Supernovae","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.HE"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"C.S. Kochanek (1) ((1) Department of Astronomy, The Ohio State University)","submitted_at":"2017-01-20T19:00:03Z","abstract_excerpt":"Supernovae (SNe) should both frequently have a binary companion at death and form significant amounts of dust. This implies that any binary companion must lie at the center of an expanding dust cloud and the variable obscuration of the companion as the SN remnant (SNR) expands will both unambiguously mark the companion and allow the measurement of the dust content through absorption rather than emission for decades after the explosion. However, sufficiently hot and luminous companions can suppress dust formation by rapidly photo-ionizing the condensible species in the ejecta. This provides a m"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1701.05902","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"I8hw+jlAgbATNsmlaSpCrElWGsWeCbkjU7lhoCUVLZHkMtYGIxZ51log1kgpUJdkJuFg5E8oQbN4Kb9/oEKsBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-21T15:58:50.307190Z"},"content_sha256":"5a69dcd68c0c16aba75faa2783b34ceec7273e4390e130cc7f225fe6749de67f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5a69dcd68c0c16aba75faa2783b34ceec7273e4390e130cc7f225fe6749de67f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/S73MWXPYXDNK4LFKFS5NHCJVQ6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/S73MWXPYXDNK4LFKFS5NHCJVQ6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/S73MWXPYXDNK4LFKFS5NHCJVQ6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-21T15:58:50Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/S73MWXPYXDNK4LFKFS5NHCJVQ6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/S73MWXPYXDNK4LFKFS5NHCJVQ6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/S73MWXPYXDNK4LFKFS5NHCJVQ6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/S73MWXPYXDNK4LFKFS5NHCJVQ6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:S73MWXPYXDNK4LFKFS5NHCJVQ6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b229667f976fa13cf53ef96f14843a34ad87579e2280581a9617c484de5193f8","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.HE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2017-01-20T19:00:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"2f083eeba89743a381fdef1a77c85fdfc39abd1bb0e8194362445286d5ebacda"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1701.05902","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1701.05902","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1701.05902v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1701.05902","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"S73MWXPYXDNK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"S73MWXPYXDNK4LFK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"S73MWXPY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:43Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5a69dcd68c0c16aba75faa2783b34ceec7273e4390e130cc7f225fe6749de67f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Supernovae (SNe) should both frequently have a binary companion at death and form significant amounts of dust. This implies that any binary companion must lie at the center of an expanding dust cloud and the variable obscuration of the companion as the SN remnant (SNR) expands will both unambiguously mark the companion and allow the measurement of the dust content through absorption rather than emission for decades after the explosion. However, sufficiently hot and luminous companions can suppress dust formation by rapidly photo-ionizing the condensible species in the ejecta. This provides a m","authors_text":"C.S. Kochanek (1) ((1) Department of Astronomy, The Ohio State University)","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.HE"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2017-01-20T19:00:03Z","title":"Dust Formation and the Binary Companions of Supernovae"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1701.05902","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4ce38f263d0c3b0b83fbfab80d4355058c8809bfc8c7fa11d4ec0e68462eb2ee","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b229667f976fa13cf53ef96f14843a34ad87579e2280581a9617c484de5193f8","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.HE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2017-01-20T19:00:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"2f083eeba89743a381fdef1a77c85fdfc39abd1bb0e8194362445286d5ebacda"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1701.05902","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"97f6cb5df8b8daae2caa2cbad38935878d1da818b6835c9bb84055105ebe8c3d","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"97f6cb5df8b8daae2caa2cbad38935878d1da818b6835c9bb84055105ebe8c3d","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:01.602925Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:01.602925Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"nPW1JJPXaiVYfJ5Z+6OVqoh00yxLkTZK/mkbspxh5P1+rNdcvfc4gKC5BNePzM5dK0yZv3w90VGE2R/y+Kc3Dw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:01.603556Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1701.05902","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4ce38f263d0c3b0b83fbfab80d4355058c8809bfc8c7fa11d4ec0e68462eb2ee","sha256:5a69dcd68c0c16aba75faa2783b34ceec7273e4390e130cc7f225fe6749de67f"],"state_sha256":"ab2a38d86264a44010091e2f67bc09f14cac93070fb1c17ce189c3641328c995"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Liym7NtQ5SXMvuah8Joso960paFqkXYbf4BQ8dtGgK/c4XZUXArbyGqEBCtq3rdLWNJBt5n2pYqTtPGLq12pDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-21T15:58:50.309903Z","bundle_sha256":"b5322ee92be64bc7e204a68652ac518273b17a5dfe9f41674188b90e1b3e662c"}}