{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:S7JDS2EODRTOUW32IIOPRSYQVQ","short_pith_number":"pith:S7JDS2EO","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2407.16148","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-07-23T03:18:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"abedc182d2a48734885a56873563eb4723b8a95611cf56d68cbb6a5b73ec3163","abstract_canon_sha256":"6d83d9f49a0ea74d506ed9642ed9ec908e3f8b579dcf39d7de4f4e58a3326d03"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"97d239688e1c66ea5b7a421cf8cb10ac20f31d9033563e8eae4d7329243ccba5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2407.16148","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2407.16148","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2407.16148v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2407.16148","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"S7JDS2EODRTO","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"S7JDS2EODRTOUW32","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"S7JDS2EO","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:S7JDS2EODRTOUW32IIOPRSYQVQ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2407.16148","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-07-23T03:18:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"abedc182d2a48734885a56873563eb4723b8a95611cf56d68cbb6a5b73ec3163","abstract_canon_sha256":"6d83d9f49a0ea74d506ed9642ed9ec908e3f8b579dcf39d7de4f4e58a3326d03"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"97d239688e1c66ea5b7a421cf8cb10ac20f31d9033563e8eae4d7329243ccba5","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27.864613Z","signature_b64":"+/B2m3k4BVEIYSWr4imJyaxJoDyBC0iocZdeiliv9mkykRWOhStEbBjRNjuzdKepRhqUtKSnG3kDRvTMSS6jCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"97d239688e1c66ea5b7a421cf8cb10ac20f31d9033563e8eae4d7329243ccba5","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27.864201Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27.864201Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2407.16148","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CsgnsdHbFgmprQmLCMk+2ygafD5sttG9m80UyH9gWXZo0SbF5Vbe1WFnFKeY+vDA62o24ongl5SG/ecmupf+CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T07:02:46.463538Z"},"content_sha256":"ea2245bd4c471d80e0dff07112543adcd906dec6137ac5b0a7982eff93c79464","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ea2245bd4c471d80e0dff07112543adcd906dec6137ac5b0a7982eff93c79464"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:S7JDS2EODRTOUW32IIOPRSYQVQ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"CHIME: LLM-Assisted Hierarchical Organization of Scientific Studies for Literature Review Support","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Aakanksha Naik, Bailey Kuehl, Chao-Chun Hsu, Chenhao Tan, David Wadden, Erin Bransom, Jenna Sparks, Lucy Lu Wang","submitted_at":"2024-07-23T03:18:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"Literature review requires researchers to synthesize a large amount of information and is increasingly challenging as the scientific literature expands. In this work, we investigate the potential of LLMs for producing hierarchical organizations of scientific studies to assist researchers with literature review. We define hierarchical organizations as tree structures where nodes refer to topical categories and every node is linked to the studies assigned to that category. Our naive LLM-based pipeline for hierarchy generation from a set of studies produces promising yet imperfect hierarchies, mo"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2407.16148","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2407.16148/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"39dEiknLtNHxV9ATU9XPybP+10SN2Gm5mOkj0CmOZXB1FkXdmVvvP0zpLw67b18fzj6/4jE1UJPScMIhFA+lBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T07:02:46.464063Z"},"content_sha256":"9c2ba427bb09cf92097916fd61445b1ad34c33a9215dba22bb975c98363b18f8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9c2ba427bb09cf92097916fd61445b1ad34c33a9215dba22bb975c98363b18f8"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/S7JDS2EODRTOUW32IIOPRSYQVQ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/S7JDS2EODRTOUW32IIOPRSYQVQ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/S7JDS2EODRTOUW32IIOPRSYQVQ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-05T07:02:46Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/S7JDS2EODRTOUW32IIOPRSYQVQ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/S7JDS2EODRTOUW32IIOPRSYQVQ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/S7JDS2EODRTOUW32IIOPRSYQVQ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/S7JDS2EODRTOUW32IIOPRSYQVQ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:S7JDS2EODRTOUW32IIOPRSYQVQ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6d83d9f49a0ea74d506ed9642ed9ec908e3f8b579dcf39d7de4f4e58a3326d03","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-07-23T03:18:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"abedc182d2a48734885a56873563eb4723b8a95611cf56d68cbb6a5b73ec3163"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2407.16148","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2407.16148","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2407.16148v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2407.16148","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"S7JDS2EODRTO","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"S7JDS2EODRTOUW32","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"S7JDS2EO","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9c2ba427bb09cf92097916fd61445b1ad34c33a9215dba22bb975c98363b18f8","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2407.16148/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Literature review requires researchers to synthesize a large amount of information and is increasingly challenging as the scientific literature expands. In this work, we investigate the potential of LLMs for producing hierarchical organizations of scientific studies to assist researchers with literature review. We define hierarchical organizations as tree structures where nodes refer to topical categories and every node is linked to the studies assigned to that category. Our naive LLM-based pipeline for hierarchy generation from a set of studies produces promising yet imperfect hierarchies, mo","authors_text":"Aakanksha Naik, Bailey Kuehl, Chao-Chun Hsu, Chenhao Tan, David Wadden, Erin Bransom, Jenna Sparks, Lucy Lu Wang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-07-23T03:18:00Z","title":"CHIME: LLM-Assisted Hierarchical Organization of Scientific Studies for Literature Review Support"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2407.16148","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ea2245bd4c471d80e0dff07112543adcd906dec6137ac5b0a7982eff93c79464","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6d83d9f49a0ea74d506ed9642ed9ec908e3f8b579dcf39d7de4f4e58a3326d03","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-07-23T03:18:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"abedc182d2a48734885a56873563eb4723b8a95611cf56d68cbb6a5b73ec3163"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2407.16148","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"97d239688e1c66ea5b7a421cf8cb10ac20f31d9033563e8eae4d7329243ccba5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"97d239688e1c66ea5b7a421cf8cb10ac20f31d9033563e8eae4d7329243ccba5","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27.864201Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27.864201Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"+/B2m3k4BVEIYSWr4imJyaxJoDyBC0iocZdeiliv9mkykRWOhStEbBjRNjuzdKepRhqUtKSnG3kDRvTMSS6jCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:47:27.864613Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2407.16148","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ea2245bd4c471d80e0dff07112543adcd906dec6137ac5b0a7982eff93c79464","sha256:9c2ba427bb09cf92097916fd61445b1ad34c33a9215dba22bb975c98363b18f8"],"state_sha256":"b5b34486f561413268be8a5c14e0436db57f68a5aa607433e2a4194c4c8b53b3"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wQLhrdAaUqt0j225w6f8HwVWSUr4Sugpseps0JTYLdpfWBN8pxmizkIfSrJ3MO3NXej47zX6Tl9ZPC/bL3pDCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T07:02:46.468987Z","bundle_sha256":"49cc4cfbf5b20609a408f7f0be62751cb022412c43608dc66ad0253679ba3593"}}