{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2011:SATEW2MMCX2PJH4B3UCGQGOXOP","short_pith_number":"pith:SATEW2MM","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"90264b698c15f4f49f81dd046819d773c12a11aa720cb6b3f96784610b6b250a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1110.0257","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Magnetic and density spikes in cosmic ray shock precursors","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["nlin.PS"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"M.A. Malkov, P.H. Diamond, R.Z. Sagdeev","submitted_at":"2011-10-03T02:42:49Z","abstract_excerpt":"In shock precursors populated by accelerated cosmic rays (CR), the CR return current instability is believed to significantly enhance the pre-shock perturbations of magnetic field. We have obtained fully-nonlinear exact ideal MHD solutions supported by the CR return current. The solutions occur as localized spikes of circularly polarized Alfven envelopes (solitons, or breathers). As the conventional (undriven) solitons, the obtained magnetic spikes propagate at a speed $C$ proportional to their amplitude, $C=C_{A}B_{{\\rm max}}/\\sqrt{2}B_{0}$. The sufficiently strong solitons run thus ahead of "},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1110.0257","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2011-10-03T02:42:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.PS"],"title_canon_sha256":"9301fb59843dff0ec67f8c8953782934ae03abfeb063f47d66ac542fc6c2fbcd","abstract_canon_sha256":"ddb3c14738549ebda5e1d60a8c42a91afdf1516039cf78a5fa9a4fe13e0b375e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:02:57.411384Z","signature_b64":"B3ttCXijDHcsmHJ8zWPQuXn8HEcZ9Is/iHsYOdcvKtK4PJMcALdTC6A3DldMFaTRpRbY2xlRiGEwUEwOd+EjCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"90264b698c15f4f49f81dd046819d773c12a11aa720cb6b3f96784610b6b250a","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:02:57.410474Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:02:57.410474Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Magnetic and density spikes in cosmic ray shock precursors","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["nlin.PS"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"M.A. Malkov, P.H. Diamond, R.Z. Sagdeev","submitted_at":"2011-10-03T02:42:49Z","abstract_excerpt":"In shock precursors populated by accelerated cosmic rays (CR), the CR return current instability is believed to significantly enhance the pre-shock perturbations of magnetic field. We have obtained fully-nonlinear exact ideal MHD solutions supported by the CR return current. The solutions occur as localized spikes of circularly polarized Alfven envelopes (solitons, or breathers). As the conventional (undriven) solitons, the obtained magnetic spikes propagate at a speed $C$ proportional to their amplitude, $C=C_{A}B_{{\\rm max}}/\\sqrt{2}B_{0}$. The sufficiently strong solitons run thus ahead of "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1110.0257","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1110.0257","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:02:57.410646+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1110.0257v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:02:57.410646+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1110.0257","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:02:57.410646+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"SATEW2MMCX2P","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:41.206345+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"SATEW2MMCX2PJH4B","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:41.206345+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"SATEW2MM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:41.206345+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/SATEW2MMCX2PJH4B3UCGQGOXOP","json":"https://pith.science/pith/SATEW2MMCX2PJH4B3UCGQGOXOP.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/SATEW2MMCX2PJH4B3UCGQGOXOP/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/SATEW2MMCX2PJH4B3UCGQGOXOP/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/SATEW2MM"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/SATEW2MMCX2PJH4B3UCGQGOXOP","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/SATEW2MMCX2PJH4B3UCGQGOXOP.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/SATEW2MM","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1110.0257&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/SATEW2MMCX2PJH4B3UCGQGOXOP/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/SATEW2MMCX2PJH4B3UCGQGOXOP/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/SATEW2MMCX2PJH4B3UCGQGOXOP/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/SATEW2MMCX2PJH4B3UCGQGOXOP/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/SATEW2MMCX2PJH4B3UCGQGOXOP/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/SATEW2MMCX2PJH4B3UCGQGOXOP/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/SATEW2MMCX2PJH4B3UCGQGOXOP/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:02:57.410646+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T01:02:57.410646+00:00"}