{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:SHZBVHT3D6GK7HBS4YGUSRBMDK","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ddbe8b1bd29f5c1a2735c6cfacd5cc15a466816c0104abeb08323e01a8857fef","cross_cats_sorted":["econ.GN","q-fin.EC","stat.ME"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"econ.EM","submitted_at":"2021-01-04T18:58:39Z","title_canon_sha256":"e4bc620ed525234bb72da42be98f7d93f8d04932e32012610d0c94e8145d285b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2101.01170","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2101.01170","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:24:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2101.01170v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:24:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2101.01170","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:24:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"SHZBVHT3D6GK","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:24:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"SHZBVHT3D6GK7HBS","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:24:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"SHZBVHT3","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:24:08Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c76370eb9a3fc7b5c5b6ae68b5dec447b8342256637a0b2b51c34f795aeb656e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:24:08Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2101.01170/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This paper studies the bunching identification strategy for an elasticity parameter that summarizes agents' responses to changes in slope (kink) or intercept (notch) of a schedule of incentives. We show that current bunching methods may be very sensitive to implicit assumptions in the literature about unobserved individual heterogeneity. We overcome this sensitivity concern with new non- and semi-parametric estimators. Our estimators allow researchers to show how bunching elasticities depend on different identifying assumptions and when elasticities are robust to them. We follow the literature","authors_text":"Andrew H. McCallum, Marinho Bertanha, Nathan Seegert","cross_cats":["econ.GN","q-fin.EC","stat.ME"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"econ.EM","submitted_at":"2021-01-04T18:58:39Z","title":"Better Bunching, Nicer Notching"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2101.01170","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e2be9f7f032babc0d040d11824a36e80cd7b2c40de2485f1ca0328da09d72d48","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:24:08Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ddbe8b1bd29f5c1a2735c6cfacd5cc15a466816c0104abeb08323e01a8857fef","cross_cats_sorted":["econ.GN","q-fin.EC","stat.ME"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"econ.EM","submitted_at":"2021-01-04T18:58:39Z","title_canon_sha256":"e4bc620ed525234bb72da42be98f7d93f8d04932e32012610d0c94e8145d285b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2101.01170","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"91f21a9e7b1f8caf9c32e60d49442c1abcea54ce0aee28b169e09b4a845eb3c1","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"91f21a9e7b1f8caf9c32e60d49442c1abcea54ce0aee28b169e09b4a845eb3c1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:24:08.089239Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:24:08.089239Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"3WmegsFA7FbtEilzQ73T/tUz54pTGiHJKFj1yQ2vqdWTflx3ryqvc0P/GINQtLNv5lATb+qsaRFTNCTkjKWJBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:24:08.089592Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2101.01170","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e2be9f7f032babc0d040d11824a36e80cd7b2c40de2485f1ca0328da09d72d48","sha256:c76370eb9a3fc7b5c5b6ae68b5dec447b8342256637a0b2b51c34f795aeb656e"],"state_sha256":"ab329247f5b794d14b85e1c9bedd47ca838ba9606c4e206056b8021fbb3151ff"}