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They include i) a network of $\\mathbb{Z}$ strings which develop monopoles and turn into necklaces with the structure of $\\mathbb{Z}_2$ strings, ii) dumbbells connecting two different types of monopoles, or monopoles and antimonpoles, iii) starfish-like configurations, iv) polypole configurations, and"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2303.15159","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2023-03-27T12:50:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"e9de5e8b06d7cfe0d96a8f89da1bbe674ce192ad044d26a84086be8a3faa070d","abstract_canon_sha256":"e359a65fb33e5a6159014ebf569d52dd4a36e199b005bb8c7829b53600824fe9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:15:27.682701Z","signature_b64":"DUDB0H1ERmTwbyw3bEHjjYGkG2b323KCo1FujxO94ZMm6Cg6KzaDwuQ3LxnQBk8Jwlwe2Wd1lSbdUA/5p6Z7Dg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"920ee8fb40d72734160151b5938a4ca2e3b7a1fa56f3b6f7f924449adfed23cf","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:15:27.682220Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:15:27.682220Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Composite Topological Structures in SO(10)","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-th"],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"Amit Tiwari, George Lazarides, Qaisar Shafi","submitted_at":"2023-03-27T12:50:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"We explore a variety of composite topological structures that arise from the spontaneous breaking of $SO(10)$ to $SU(3)_c \\times U(1)_{em}$ via one of its maximal subgroups $SU(5) \\times U(1)_\\chi$, $SU(4)_c \\times SU(2)_L \\times SU(2)_R$, and $SU(5) \\times U(1)_X$ (also known as flipped $SU(5)$). 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