{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:SPSI5ZRXBMCIB2QQAJ2XCF4UIE","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1dfc0b4a5e9702d9bdb301444661424776e8124b0078cfb364fbd50cfe05e262","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.TR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2018-04-11T20:46:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"663be0f40d43ffed9d8d0d524876b6ccee38d44bfcfc751511ce22beb50f7018"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1804.04216","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1804.04216","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:18:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1804.04216v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:18:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1804.04216","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:18:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"SPSI5ZRXBMCI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"SPSI5ZRXBMCIB2QQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"SPSI5ZRX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:53Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:36b4532dddab835c80f355e41239c5c6ccd67c3f8eea11a36b6c9afc66a84797","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:18:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Market making is a fundamental trading problem in which an agent provides liquidity by continually offering to buy and sell a security. The problem is challenging due to inventory risk, the risk of accumulating an unfavourable position and ultimately losing money. In this paper, we develop a high-fidelity simulation of limit order book markets, and use it to design a market making agent using temporal-difference reinforcement learning. We use a linear combination of tile codings as a value function approximator, and design a custom reward function that controls inventory risk. We demonstrate t","authors_text":"Andreas Koukorinis, John Fearnley, Rahul Savani, Thomas Spooner","cross_cats":["q-fin.TR"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2018-04-11T20:46:33Z","title":"Market Making via Reinforcement Learning"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1804.04216","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:07dfecaaaf2dab534d004af263b171609992ae3cf33aa4a176f396f0ebbacea7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:18:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1dfc0b4a5e9702d9bdb301444661424776e8124b0078cfb364fbd50cfe05e262","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.TR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2018-04-11T20:46:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"663be0f40d43ffed9d8d0d524876b6ccee38d44bfcfc751511ce22beb50f7018"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1804.04216","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"93e48ee6370b0480ea100275711794413beac9cf459734811b28b25bb4361bf5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"93e48ee6370b0480ea100275711794413beac9cf459734811b28b25bb4361bf5","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:18:40.362817Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:18:40.362817Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Tim9HxNr5usaBwkg9eQ23whDvwZpvV/6bOVJQLAHMOEK3AX/szmmmkOfC+zM1Jwd2LivGcPyqnwvAnIyCIvDBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:18:40.363340Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1804.04216","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:07dfecaaaf2dab534d004af263b171609992ae3cf33aa4a176f396f0ebbacea7","sha256:36b4532dddab835c80f355e41239c5c6ccd67c3f8eea11a36b6c9afc66a84797"],"state_sha256":"27015f82ea76f7a88e9d1a70d2d1ae0635ac2e216b119c63f51455212ecc64da"}