{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:SQ2YIGU76MAXPZGBQFPQVY5VI6","short_pith_number":"pith:SQ2YIGU7","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1709.04520","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2017-09-13T19:57:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"287c04e95f31304c5a899d2bbbecd5a0b0c8627420d0439cd39b8b99584c2304","abstract_canon_sha256":"c8b4803668ab06f598067fe73627f8d013b77afea0228af1e9dc83babdaed6bc"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9435841a9ff30177e4c1815f0ae3b547ada84478216fc84739dd46d962d1cb3e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1709.04520","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1709.04520","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1709.04520v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1709.04520","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"SQ2YIGU76MAX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"SQ2YIGU76MAXPZGB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"SQ2YIGU7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:43Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:SQ2YIGU76MAXPZGBQFPQVY5VI6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1709.04520","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2017-09-13T19:57:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"287c04e95f31304c5a899d2bbbecd5a0b0c8627420d0439cd39b8b99584c2304","abstract_canon_sha256":"c8b4803668ab06f598067fe73627f8d013b77afea0228af1e9dc83babdaed6bc"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9435841a9ff30177e4c1815f0ae3b547ada84478216fc84739dd46d962d1cb3e","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:18.993617Z","signature_b64":"fZawdA7vCy4DCSk9qR7VhnjDviHuNjUraHutN2mgk5Mf1L0PvBR7LtVmZRB4l7fjh4VL82QO6Jos7EDQKZO5Aw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"9435841a9ff30177e4c1815f0ae3b547ada84478216fc84739dd46d962d1cb3e","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:18.993184Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:18.993184Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1709.04520","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:18Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ud2edpv7pxH0tfsbict8CM+t2yo+UvNLnQjPD7PYE6tmKepKyEAct7mHo9cs5wHSbLVH5yqj9hWLw1HvaJO/DQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T20:46:07.747057Z"},"content_sha256":"1f999c62412a188c7a96d619356865f358609cc5d27c660e338ab8499fe351de","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1f999c62412a188c7a96d619356865f358609cc5d27c660e338ab8499fe351de"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:SQ2YIGU76MAXPZGBQFPQVY5VI6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Photonic Counterparts of Cooper Pairs","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Ado Jorio, Andre Saraiva, Arthur Patrocinio Pena, Belita Koiller, Carlos H. Monken, Filomeno S. de Aguiar Junior, Marcelo F. Santos, Reinaldo de Melo e Souza","submitted_at":"2017-09-13T19:57:22Z","abstract_excerpt":"The microscopic theory of superconductivity raised the disruptive idea that electrons couple through the elusive exchange of virtual phonons, overcoming the strong Coulomb repulsion to form Cooper pairs. Light is also known to interact with atomic vibrations, as for example in the Raman effect. We show that photon pairs exchange virtual vibrations in transparent media, leading to an effective photon-photon interaction identical to that for electrons in BCS theory of supercondutivity, in spite of the fact that photons are bosons. In this scenario, photons may exchange energy without matching a "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1709.04520","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:18Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"TUu60ykIiZUTAHsic8a4YNRZ5br92lIF4L8vY99z1Qvuuvz+qjIVd2GDcCk7sKCaXBj1qBXOVw1KSQ1P669rDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T20:46:07.747430Z"},"content_sha256":"68f62dbded99eb17859d963d43c27b440f2970ab6767e830a9b83d0df2884531","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:68f62dbded99eb17859d963d43c27b440f2970ab6767e830a9b83d0df2884531"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/SQ2YIGU76MAXPZGBQFPQVY5VI6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/SQ2YIGU76MAXPZGBQFPQVY5VI6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/SQ2YIGU76MAXPZGBQFPQVY5VI6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T20:46:07Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/SQ2YIGU76MAXPZGBQFPQVY5VI6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/SQ2YIGU76MAXPZGBQFPQVY5VI6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/SQ2YIGU76MAXPZGBQFPQVY5VI6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/SQ2YIGU76MAXPZGBQFPQVY5VI6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:SQ2YIGU76MAXPZGBQFPQVY5VI6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c8b4803668ab06f598067fe73627f8d013b77afea0228af1e9dc83babdaed6bc","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2017-09-13T19:57:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"287c04e95f31304c5a899d2bbbecd5a0b0c8627420d0439cd39b8b99584c2304"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1709.04520","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1709.04520","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1709.04520v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1709.04520","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"SQ2YIGU76MAX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"SQ2YIGU76MAXPZGB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"SQ2YIGU7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:43Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:68f62dbded99eb17859d963d43c27b440f2970ab6767e830a9b83d0df2884531","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:18Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The microscopic theory of superconductivity raised the disruptive idea that electrons couple through the elusive exchange of virtual phonons, overcoming the strong Coulomb repulsion to form Cooper pairs. Light is also known to interact with atomic vibrations, as for example in the Raman effect. We show that photon pairs exchange virtual vibrations in transparent media, leading to an effective photon-photon interaction identical to that for electrons in BCS theory of supercondutivity, in spite of the fact that photons are bosons. In this scenario, photons may exchange energy without matching a ","authors_text":"Ado Jorio, Andre Saraiva, Arthur Patrocinio Pena, Belita Koiller, Carlos H. Monken, Filomeno S. de Aguiar Junior, Marcelo F. Santos, Reinaldo de Melo e Souza","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2017-09-13T19:57:22Z","title":"Photonic Counterparts of Cooper Pairs"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1709.04520","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1f999c62412a188c7a96d619356865f358609cc5d27c660e338ab8499fe351de","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:18Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c8b4803668ab06f598067fe73627f8d013b77afea0228af1e9dc83babdaed6bc","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2017-09-13T19:57:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"287c04e95f31304c5a899d2bbbecd5a0b0c8627420d0439cd39b8b99584c2304"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1709.04520","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"9435841a9ff30177e4c1815f0ae3b547ada84478216fc84739dd46d962d1cb3e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"9435841a9ff30177e4c1815f0ae3b547ada84478216fc84739dd46d962d1cb3e","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:18.993184Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:18.993184Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"fZawdA7vCy4DCSk9qR7VhnjDviHuNjUraHutN2mgk5Mf1L0PvBR7LtVmZRB4l7fjh4VL82QO6Jos7EDQKZO5Aw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:18.993617Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1709.04520","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1f999c62412a188c7a96d619356865f358609cc5d27c660e338ab8499fe351de","sha256:68f62dbded99eb17859d963d43c27b440f2970ab6767e830a9b83d0df2884531"],"state_sha256":"9ee3704dd023f99c6ed3b366bb8e9b34e46cab65237d675ddca5cd7eb790213a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ljfyBG1Lwd6gdi93OFcPdJ8cV3ajbH/u2mHLEI1DvDL+Pc/Pi3mv2+aH2ZeZLehmEllSAo0SPZu1C3SQ2FUSDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T20:46:07.749591Z","bundle_sha256":"b65279445f6adee8166e1ed710479ab0d12ccc7de5a9e403ba35e80627a8f80a"}}