{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2021:SQR7MMRAGX74VV3IEDLUC47BQV","short_pith_number":"pith:SQR7MMRA","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"9423f6322035ffcad76820d74173e18558e2e9448c581fe57d4fd8f5921775b6","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2111.03667","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"A bound on energy extraction (and hairiness) from superradiance","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Carlos A. R. Herdeiro, Eugen Radu, Nuno M. Santos","submitted_at":"2021-11-05T18:00:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"The possibility of mining the rotational energy from black holes has far--reaching implications. Such energy extraction could occur even for isolated black holes, if hypothetical ultralight bosonic particles exist in Nature, leading to a new equilibrium state $-$ a black hole with synchronised bosonic hair $-$ whose lifetime could exceed the age of the Universe. A natural question is then: for an isolated black hole and at maximal efficiency, how large is the energy fraction $\\epsilon$ that can be extracted from a Kerr black hole by the superradiant growth of the dominant mode? In other words,"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2111.03667","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2021-11-05T18:00:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"622cfc1024a1ca672c7399a7adbc2f33b45469fc6495e7a9cd8d5e8d50944bd1","abstract_canon_sha256":"3f3d5e3f862bb368175e302b795e013db9940ce643b26c7cf656c29a1d5e7edf"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:40:51.189095Z","signature_b64":"eHbL7nyG523im9i0R40y4klKyf7yMd88mUjZqvU9s4aZ7G766Jwa7WIuxp/mDy7VO3Jp7fLxB6K0RW/Cndt0DA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"9423f6322035ffcad76820d74173e18558e2e9448c581fe57d4fd8f5921775b6","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:40:51.188753Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:40:51.188753Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A bound on energy extraction (and hairiness) from superradiance","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Carlos A. R. Herdeiro, Eugen Radu, Nuno M. Santos","submitted_at":"2021-11-05T18:00:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"The possibility of mining the rotational energy from black holes has far--reaching implications. Such energy extraction could occur even for isolated black holes, if hypothetical ultralight bosonic particles exist in Nature, leading to a new equilibrium state $-$ a black hole with synchronised bosonic hair $-$ whose lifetime could exceed the age of the Universe. A natural question is then: for an isolated black hole and at maximal efficiency, how large is the energy fraction $\\epsilon$ that can be extracted from a Kerr black hole by the superradiant growth of the dominant mode? In other words,"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2111.03667","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2111.03667/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2111.03667","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:40:51.188804+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2111.03667v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:40:51.188804+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2111.03667","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:40:51.188804+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"SQR7MMRAGX74","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:40:51.188804+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"SQR7MMRAGX74VV3I","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:40:51.188804+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"SQR7MMRA","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:40:51.188804+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":2,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2509.20450","citing_title":"Splitting the Gravitational Atom: Instabilities of Black Holes with Synchronized or Resonant Hair","ref_index":15,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2510.17967","citing_title":"Scalar fields around black hole binaries in LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA","ref_index":69,"is_internal_anchor":false}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/SQR7MMRAGX74VV3IEDLUC47BQV","json":"https://pith.science/pith/SQR7MMRAGX74VV3IEDLUC47BQV.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/SQR7MMRAGX74VV3IEDLUC47BQV/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/SQR7MMRAGX74VV3IEDLUC47BQV/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/SQR7MMRA"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/SQR7MMRAGX74VV3IEDLUC47BQV","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/SQR7MMRAGX74VV3IEDLUC47BQV.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/SQR7MMRA","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2111.03667&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/SQR7MMRAGX74VV3IEDLUC47BQV/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/SQR7MMRAGX74VV3IEDLUC47BQV/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/SQR7MMRAGX74VV3IEDLUC47BQV/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/SQR7MMRAGX74VV3IEDLUC47BQV/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/SQR7MMRAGX74VV3IEDLUC47BQV/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/SQR7MMRAGX74VV3IEDLUC47BQV/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/SQR7MMRAGX74VV3IEDLUC47BQV/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:40:51.188804+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T03:40:51.188804+00:00"}