{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:SRAJSQPVLLPXYNVYIZVC4Q7575","short_pith_number":"pith:SRAJSQPV","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2407.02840","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2024-07-03T06:37:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.hist-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"037e5d20bb0ff5069dcf003bce729651d144ea39829de1a2b16423bf34f4551e","abstract_canon_sha256":"ec35e82946534f0050210ccda6f18070dca4f708332a8c4112c61268e50da71e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"94409941f55adf7c36b8466a2e43fdff706dec0e2ca84e5ff5293c2b7bfe3808","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2407.02840","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2407.02840","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2407.02840v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2407.02840","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"SRAJSQPVLLPX","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"SRAJSQPVLLPXYNVY","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"SRAJSQPV","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:SRAJSQPVLLPXYNVYIZVC4Q7575","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2407.02840","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2024-07-03T06:37:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.hist-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"037e5d20bb0ff5069dcf003bce729651d144ea39829de1a2b16423bf34f4551e","abstract_canon_sha256":"ec35e82946534f0050210ccda6f18070dca4f708332a8c4112c61268e50da71e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"94409941f55adf7c36b8466a2e43fdff706dec0e2ca84e5ff5293c2b7bfe3808","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55.269709Z","signature_b64":"kIIB524a+YIzRG3vdRmH0IxUlcz3ZSQeQ4SlaelMmvBlZy6ZSht4dV8MGTY9ZD/GaSWcZj2tuUTWKYGDmVdHAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"94409941f55adf7c36b8466a2e43fdff706dec0e2ca84e5ff5293c2b7bfe3808","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55.269257Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55.269257Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2407.02840","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"dlx4XLfCIjb0zapSxkCuRYhsMHF8YownzWqbL130n8BMTk1uBg9oUkbChoYcTqZDZhevODGeZma18h6rAUd0Bw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T13:16:01.351954Z"},"content_sha256":"02234daadebedbcb5b572a7955372a1d6622208a785776dfa3e3bff7e126f823","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:02234daadebedbcb5b572a7955372a1d6622208a785776dfa3e3bff7e126f823"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:SRAJSQPVLLPXYNVYIZVC4Q7575","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Boltzmann Bridges","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.hist-ph"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","authors_text":"Carlo Rovelli, David Wolpert, Jordan Scharnhorst","submitted_at":"2024-07-03T06:37:22Z","abstract_excerpt":"It is often stated that the second law of thermodynamics follows from the condition that at some given time in the past the entropy was lower than it is now. Formally, this condition is the statement that $E[S(t)|S(t_0)]$, the expected entropy of the universe at the current time $t$ conditioned on its value $S(t_0)$ at a time $t_0$ in the past, is an increasing function of $t $. We point out that in general this is incorrect. The epistemic axioms underlying probability theory say that we should condition expectations on all that we know, and on nothing that we do not know. Arguably, we know th"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2407.02840","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2407.02840/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"IMoAKxgwKXkiHjdfJFB8+8rIMfMuwjHu52zaFa23wuX9JvVry5/nC2r0Bt0Vnv1S/ase1+0F2prQ1Xx/YrBZCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T13:16:01.354796Z"},"content_sha256":"f2750b90e7ffd26e4a802284869a8d79a90cda86760f2e00f804061cd4d0d34b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f2750b90e7ffd26e4a802284869a8d79a90cda86760f2e00f804061cd4d0d34b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/SRAJSQPVLLPXYNVYIZVC4Q7575/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/SRAJSQPVLLPXYNVYIZVC4Q7575/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/SRAJSQPVLLPXYNVYIZVC4Q7575/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-11T13:16:01Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/SRAJSQPVLLPXYNVYIZVC4Q7575","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/SRAJSQPVLLPXYNVYIZVC4Q7575/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/SRAJSQPVLLPXYNVYIZVC4Q7575/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/SRAJSQPVLLPXYNVYIZVC4Q7575/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:SRAJSQPVLLPXYNVYIZVC4Q7575","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ec35e82946534f0050210ccda6f18070dca4f708332a8c4112c61268e50da71e","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.hist-ph"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2024-07-03T06:37:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"037e5d20bb0ff5069dcf003bce729651d144ea39829de1a2b16423bf34f4551e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2407.02840","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2407.02840","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2407.02840v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2407.02840","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"SRAJSQPVLLPX","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"SRAJSQPVLLPXYNVY","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"SRAJSQPV","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f2750b90e7ffd26e4a802284869a8d79a90cda86760f2e00f804061cd4d0d34b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2407.02840/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"It is often stated that the second law of thermodynamics follows from the condition that at some given time in the past the entropy was lower than it is now. Formally, this condition is the statement that $E[S(t)|S(t_0)]$, the expected entropy of the universe at the current time $t$ conditioned on its value $S(t_0)$ at a time $t_0$ in the past, is an increasing function of $t $. We point out that in general this is incorrect. The epistemic axioms underlying probability theory say that we should condition expectations on all that we know, and on nothing that we do not know. Arguably, we know th","authors_text":"Carlo Rovelli, David Wolpert, Jordan Scharnhorst","cross_cats":["physics.hist-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2024-07-03T06:37:22Z","title":"Boltzmann Bridges"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2407.02840","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:02234daadebedbcb5b572a7955372a1d6622208a785776dfa3e3bff7e126f823","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ec35e82946534f0050210ccda6f18070dca4f708332a8c4112c61268e50da71e","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.hist-ph"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2024-07-03T06:37:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"037e5d20bb0ff5069dcf003bce729651d144ea39829de1a2b16423bf34f4551e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2407.02840","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"94409941f55adf7c36b8466a2e43fdff706dec0e2ca84e5ff5293c2b7bfe3808","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"94409941f55adf7c36b8466a2e43fdff706dec0e2ca84e5ff5293c2b7bfe3808","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55.269257Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55.269257Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"kIIB524a+YIzRG3vdRmH0IxUlcz3ZSQeQ4SlaelMmvBlZy6ZSht4dV8MGTY9ZD/GaSWcZj2tuUTWKYGDmVdHAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:52:55.269709Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2407.02840","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:02234daadebedbcb5b572a7955372a1d6622208a785776dfa3e3bff7e126f823","sha256:f2750b90e7ffd26e4a802284869a8d79a90cda86760f2e00f804061cd4d0d34b"],"state_sha256":"8d23e85fa34999c5dc8417ffd9e77f516a2a2731af8346ec6bcd59d81ea6e145"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CR8UMMcrZbz/3PsGD4WUkkqCU4kjFv3eEGCQepsymB7MQBcL3oNQ3G+kGKwwQfg5A47cmU6LJttAW8Xk1gXzAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T13:16:01.365775Z","bundle_sha256":"09df1b2817ac0e0890d5adf3857330a5707a779bc43357e9f5d0c07b0a3e2dfc"}}