{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:SRSG2J5G4U5Z7DGEZQ2UEYLZLN","short_pith_number":"pith:SRSG2J5G","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2311.13581","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2023-11-22T18:37:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"af4e46bbf16b2d569fd453a41a835afe6de84f0b8f1cea2726e2874e855f00f5","abstract_canon_sha256":"c436546d36fad22f5c973a622d6311b2812b5a15c78d5ee283969c7b34a66743"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"94646d27a6e53b9f8cc4cc354261795b6ae2b544240a45297c20fa67f126efa2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2311.13581","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2311.13581","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2311.13581v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2311.13581","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"SRSG2J5G4U5Z","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"SRSG2J5G4U5Z7DGE","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"SRSG2J5G","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:SRSG2J5G4U5Z7DGEZQ2UEYLZLN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2311.13581","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2023-11-22T18:37:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"af4e46bbf16b2d569fd453a41a835afe6de84f0b8f1cea2726e2874e855f00f5","abstract_canon_sha256":"c436546d36fad22f5c973a622d6311b2812b5a15c78d5ee283969c7b34a66743"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"94646d27a6e53b9f8cc4cc354261795b6ae2b544240a45297c20fa67f126efa2","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40.397458Z","signature_b64":"uejilsz+43bNivQR/iOA8f435j7KloQc9D7HA63M71ORV0yKkWtOD0FardPS6Hg+G/gC95grFSOAmt0ryTYcAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"94646d27a6e53b9f8cc4cc354261795b6ae2b544240a45297c20fa67f126efa2","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40.396888Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40.396888Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2311.13581","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zDvLxAKySaWnGuFleS3r9RoAokwn1W+QJ9lf0KZB34fLxYoiTIeJfGewFTbL/lIF9bSxlR/eEYxUWZHjkn0LBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-10T09:54:56.538283Z"},"content_sha256":"0e57279166f1a1994fea93a12121049dce22ed9cc28476aba5a3df0a7cffefab","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0e57279166f1a1994fea93a12121049dce22ed9cc28476aba5a3df0a7cffefab"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:SRSG2J5G4U5Z7DGEZQ2UEYLZLN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"PaSS: Parallel Speculative Sampling","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Armand Joulin, Edouard Grave, Giovanni Monea","submitted_at":"2023-11-22T18:37:27Z","abstract_excerpt":"Scaling the size of language models to tens of billions of parameters has led to impressive performance on a wide range of tasks. At generation, these models are used auto-regressively, requiring a forward pass for each generated token, and thus reading the full set of parameters from memory. This memory access forms the primary bottleneck for generation and it worsens as the model size increases. Moreover, executing a forward pass for multiple tokens in parallel often takes nearly the same time as it does for just one token. These two observations lead to the development of speculative sampli"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2311.13581","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2311.13581/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HN9moywsHvW0dvJnRm47sXYcNZJrLDtxeA9gGhYvSxonY7P1Q49oL4RUgMcKccsyumYVUJKwCZC92f0laKdcCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-10T09:54:56.538820Z"},"content_sha256":"9371d0b3b71c6d53e16d83459119722105e863d1635831d98f9ab28a423d93f2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9371d0b3b71c6d53e16d83459119722105e863d1635831d98f9ab28a423d93f2"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/SRSG2J5G4U5Z7DGEZQ2UEYLZLN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/SRSG2J5G4U5Z7DGEZQ2UEYLZLN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/SRSG2J5G4U5Z7DGEZQ2UEYLZLN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-10T09:54:56Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/SRSG2J5G4U5Z7DGEZQ2UEYLZLN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/SRSG2J5G4U5Z7DGEZQ2UEYLZLN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/SRSG2J5G4U5Z7DGEZQ2UEYLZLN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/SRSG2J5G4U5Z7DGEZQ2UEYLZLN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:SRSG2J5G4U5Z7DGEZQ2UEYLZLN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c436546d36fad22f5c973a622d6311b2812b5a15c78d5ee283969c7b34a66743","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2023-11-22T18:37:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"af4e46bbf16b2d569fd453a41a835afe6de84f0b8f1cea2726e2874e855f00f5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2311.13581","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2311.13581","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2311.13581v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2311.13581","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"SRSG2J5G4U5Z","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"SRSG2J5G4U5Z7DGE","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"SRSG2J5G","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9371d0b3b71c6d53e16d83459119722105e863d1635831d98f9ab28a423d93f2","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2311.13581/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Scaling the size of language models to tens of billions of parameters has led to impressive performance on a wide range of tasks. At generation, these models are used auto-regressively, requiring a forward pass for each generated token, and thus reading the full set of parameters from memory. This memory access forms the primary bottleneck for generation and it worsens as the model size increases. Moreover, executing a forward pass for multiple tokens in parallel often takes nearly the same time as it does for just one token. These two observations lead to the development of speculative sampli","authors_text":"Armand Joulin, Edouard Grave, Giovanni Monea","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2023-11-22T18:37:27Z","title":"PaSS: Parallel Speculative Sampling"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2311.13581","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0e57279166f1a1994fea93a12121049dce22ed9cc28476aba5a3df0a7cffefab","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c436546d36fad22f5c973a622d6311b2812b5a15c78d5ee283969c7b34a66743","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2023-11-22T18:37:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"af4e46bbf16b2d569fd453a41a835afe6de84f0b8f1cea2726e2874e855f00f5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2311.13581","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"94646d27a6e53b9f8cc4cc354261795b6ae2b544240a45297c20fa67f126efa2","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"94646d27a6e53b9f8cc4cc354261795b6ae2b544240a45297c20fa67f126efa2","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40.396888Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40.396888Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"uejilsz+43bNivQR/iOA8f435j7KloQc9D7HA63M71ORV0yKkWtOD0FardPS6Hg+G/gC95grFSOAmt0ryTYcAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:15:40.397458Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2311.13581","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0e57279166f1a1994fea93a12121049dce22ed9cc28476aba5a3df0a7cffefab","sha256:9371d0b3b71c6d53e16d83459119722105e863d1635831d98f9ab28a423d93f2"],"state_sha256":"0d6b9adc4d75e98b9d340a35f6d7d906ba7a13a51bd2bbaa6da6cb9c86f963b9"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"g9ryujQFA+JwhD9PyShQudhDVa2YkuhyjEgKwPdPMzUnKKbsZEC/JJTq1rgiaqMRist3SFUmMWIJ18Xqf/3VDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-10T09:54:56.543002Z","bundle_sha256":"f45fa717c88a357c304e55bf4a9242d026e8fcd46c8c747469fb39fcb97318da"}}