{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:SSZ2ZZSB4HDCGT4LFKMCOE6RVI","short_pith_number":"pith:SSZ2ZZSB","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1608.02172","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-08-07T02:13:39Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"144cb7ab6d8f3db517b6b9e1bfeb877cadd8e035b62ad67159917c712d0c310f","abstract_canon_sha256":"6216b17a0ee208134cd886e4446b425f5a5e7a1293d691cfb13b84a6fab07c95"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"94b3ace641e1c6234f8b2a982713d1aa12abcd7e6fd83281214b2f102257ae96","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1608.02172","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1608.02172","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1608.02172v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1608.02172","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"SSZ2ZZSB4HDC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"SSZ2ZZSB4HDCGT4L","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"SSZ2ZZSB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:44Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:SSZ2ZZSB4HDCGT4LFKMCOE6RVI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1608.02172","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-08-07T02:13:39Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"144cb7ab6d8f3db517b6b9e1bfeb877cadd8e035b62ad67159917c712d0c310f","abstract_canon_sha256":"6216b17a0ee208134cd886e4446b425f5a5e7a1293d691cfb13b84a6fab07c95"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"94b3ace641e1c6234f8b2a982713d1aa12abcd7e6fd83281214b2f102257ae96","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:37.570557Z","signature_b64":"3sv01txF9y51UrRRQohsp+ijLGa9+ezGjzZ1s2s6fuJu4BeOGld6L///JIXIwDJc8SrAEeDS20j/VQJcD+9eDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"94b3ace641e1c6234f8b2a982713d1aa12abcd7e6fd83281214b2f102257ae96","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:37.569991Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:37.569991Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1608.02172","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"u8dT45ZT1v3CRNZFWm8XT4N8VUQEAUdAoveIk7dx8OMN/w42F5MyCblph1kJx3zqKJO+DvBYIeGNds0HJ3Q8AA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T02:46:50.124634Z"},"content_sha256":"f4492f8045e3d3a5df0ce88ec182639633bd21f1e103562afedad069df37b8ee","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f4492f8045e3d3a5df0ce88ec182639633bd21f1e103562afedad069df37b8ee"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:SSZ2ZZSB4HDCGT4LFKMCOE6RVI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The underlying driver for the \\civ Baldwin effect in QSOs with $0<z<5$","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Wei-Hao Bian, Wen-Shuai Liu, Xiao-Feng Wang (NJNU), Xiao-Lei Jiang, Xue Ge","submitted_at":"2016-08-07T02:13:39Z","abstract_excerpt":"Broad emission lines is a prominent property of type I quasi-stellar objects (QSOs). The origin of the Baldwin effect for \\civ $\\lambda1549~$\\AA\\ broad emission lines, i.e., the luminosity dependence of the \\civ equivalent width (EW), is not clearly established. Using a sample of 87 low-$z$ Palomar-Green (PG) QSOs and 126 high-$z$ QSOs across the widest possible ranges of redshift ($0<z<5$), we consistently calculate \\hb-based single-epoch supermassive black hole (SMBH) mass and the Eddington ratio to investigate the underlying driver of the \\civ Baldwin effect. An empirical formula to estimat"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1608.02172","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"J3smCTLhCZBD6aN3nFMyxCGIHsq1/qAy/4cPo2QV+5OoTImGej+00eHnhPnEumq/Zs9ofBdFJBq+P54aeV6UCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T02:46:50.125269Z"},"content_sha256":"0f3428957417525e974ecf720d3b126073a828a10cf95d6ea638aba2810ae721","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0f3428957417525e974ecf720d3b126073a828a10cf95d6ea638aba2810ae721"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/SSZ2ZZSB4HDCGT4LFKMCOE6RVI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/SSZ2ZZSB4HDCGT4LFKMCOE6RVI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/SSZ2ZZSB4HDCGT4LFKMCOE6RVI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-05T02:46:50Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/SSZ2ZZSB4HDCGT4LFKMCOE6RVI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/SSZ2ZZSB4HDCGT4LFKMCOE6RVI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/SSZ2ZZSB4HDCGT4LFKMCOE6RVI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/SSZ2ZZSB4HDCGT4LFKMCOE6RVI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:SSZ2ZZSB4HDCGT4LFKMCOE6RVI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6216b17a0ee208134cd886e4446b425f5a5e7a1293d691cfb13b84a6fab07c95","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-08-07T02:13:39Z","title_canon_sha256":"144cb7ab6d8f3db517b6b9e1bfeb877cadd8e035b62ad67159917c712d0c310f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1608.02172","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1608.02172","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1608.02172v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1608.02172","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"SSZ2ZZSB4HDC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"SSZ2ZZSB4HDCGT4L","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"SSZ2ZZSB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:44Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0f3428957417525e974ecf720d3b126073a828a10cf95d6ea638aba2810ae721","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Broad emission lines is a prominent property of type I quasi-stellar objects (QSOs). The origin of the Baldwin effect for \\civ $\\lambda1549~$\\AA\\ broad emission lines, i.e., the luminosity dependence of the \\civ equivalent width (EW), is not clearly established. Using a sample of 87 low-$z$ Palomar-Green (PG) QSOs and 126 high-$z$ QSOs across the widest possible ranges of redshift ($0<z<5$), we consistently calculate \\hb-based single-epoch supermassive black hole (SMBH) mass and the Eddington ratio to investigate the underlying driver of the \\civ Baldwin effect. An empirical formula to estimat","authors_text":"Wei-Hao Bian, Wen-Shuai Liu, Xiao-Feng Wang (NJNU), Xiao-Lei Jiang, Xue Ge","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-08-07T02:13:39Z","title":"The underlying driver for the \\civ Baldwin effect in QSOs with $0<z<5$"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1608.02172","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f4492f8045e3d3a5df0ce88ec182639633bd21f1e103562afedad069df37b8ee","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6216b17a0ee208134cd886e4446b425f5a5e7a1293d691cfb13b84a6fab07c95","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-08-07T02:13:39Z","title_canon_sha256":"144cb7ab6d8f3db517b6b9e1bfeb877cadd8e035b62ad67159917c712d0c310f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1608.02172","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"94b3ace641e1c6234f8b2a982713d1aa12abcd7e6fd83281214b2f102257ae96","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"94b3ace641e1c6234f8b2a982713d1aa12abcd7e6fd83281214b2f102257ae96","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:37.569991Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:37.569991Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"3sv01txF9y51UrRRQohsp+ijLGa9+ezGjzZ1s2s6fuJu4BeOGld6L///JIXIwDJc8SrAEeDS20j/VQJcD+9eDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:37.570557Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1608.02172","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f4492f8045e3d3a5df0ce88ec182639633bd21f1e103562afedad069df37b8ee","sha256:0f3428957417525e974ecf720d3b126073a828a10cf95d6ea638aba2810ae721"],"state_sha256":"7a57a064dfc9e5a0041d37e3af78e4b5ce645d37b957c55eab4ba8c1ee335052"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4PPDDOHH54+PXbH8KjeOgSv6CcD02ZkakDmIL2huoPYa5X4wM0D/zKpPz5sQmhXunNe1M+tXHGAMJlfAVIepDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T02:46:50.128517Z","bundle_sha256":"feba96b7608b74511464cf7fdbd06e4feeb41b91f8380d2b2441387a924532bb"}}