{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:SV73TLVZDV6N37BL3VJP6ETITK","short_pith_number":"pith:SV73TLVZ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2212.01725","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2022-12-04T02:30:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"ace77a29689caa5894b981171600ad2fcb1d5543a35f5149c2f0f7128f5aba58","abstract_canon_sha256":"ed0ce0fee84f63ce8417fb3db926c319833c9f3512eae3097bc74b8522aeede7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"957fb9aeb91d7cddfc2bdd52ff12689ab173fc01ab567617d42fe9727e0efdab","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2212.01725","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2212.01725","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2212.01725v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2212.01725","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"SV73TLVZDV6N","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"SV73TLVZDV6N37BL","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"SV73TLVZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:SV73TLVZDV6N37BL3VJP6ETITK","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2212.01725","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2022-12-04T02:30:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"ace77a29689caa5894b981171600ad2fcb1d5543a35f5149c2f0f7128f5aba58","abstract_canon_sha256":"ed0ce0fee84f63ce8417fb3db926c319833c9f3512eae3097bc74b8522aeede7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"957fb9aeb91d7cddfc2bdd52ff12689ab173fc01ab567617d42fe9727e0efdab","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15.805236Z","signature_b64":"OmX7oKMxw7IAzpDK3UJe+i2D2InmHgpBlVagB0IEtJ28zM5zrSoXskUoJBUbZW5sjvIQXu3w4uM0pVwYxT2eAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"957fb9aeb91d7cddfc2bdd52ff12689ab173fc01ab567617d42fe9727e0efdab","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15.804844Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15.804844Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2212.01725","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"TKWhPV1e18CzUZ9vtlj239zoKc/iCnwxyoBR1TWDsvGCuMIis7+rAbOqh2PdGhazRRiTZ0kCF772HVGkzXjHCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T13:48:01.311912Z"},"content_sha256":"a7780212c7e74e3f8ebfc4033d958826f48db796dfe2845e4d6e8f6947d2c817","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a7780212c7e74e3f8ebfc4033d958826f48db796dfe2845e4d6e8f6947d2c817"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:SV73TLVZDV6N37BL3VJP6ETITK","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Fairness in Contextual Resource Allocation Systems: Metrics and Incompatibility Results","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.CY","authors_text":"Bill Tang, Eric Rice, Kathryn Dullerud, Nathanael Jo, Phebe Vayanos, Sina Aghaei","submitted_at":"2022-12-04T02:30:58Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study critical systems that allocate scarce resources to satisfy basic needs, such as homeless services that provide housing. These systems often support communities disproportionately affected by systemic racial, gender, or other injustices, so it is crucial to design these systems with fairness considerations in mind. To address this problem, we propose a framework for evaluating fairness in contextual resource allocation systems that is inspired by fairness metrics in machine learning. This framework can be applied to evaluate the fairness properties of a historical policy, as well as to"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2212.01725","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2212.01725/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ryAIbeZ/uoxI+4jqiYO4oD9vOCXauGBeFWdee+fe2JVTE+tiStivpdY3NQA/SK0SmLvW1i/ab24M/qAYgEJOBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T13:48:01.312285Z"},"content_sha256":"10dd63adb5e7c4845cb9fafa4b497d6561cd7573099fb8b2898d79703ba2e445","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:10dd63adb5e7c4845cb9fafa4b497d6561cd7573099fb8b2898d79703ba2e445"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/SV73TLVZDV6N37BL3VJP6ETITK/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/SV73TLVZDV6N37BL3VJP6ETITK/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/SV73TLVZDV6N37BL3VJP6ETITK/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-07T13:48:01Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/SV73TLVZDV6N37BL3VJP6ETITK","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/SV73TLVZDV6N37BL3VJP6ETITK/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/SV73TLVZDV6N37BL3VJP6ETITK/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/SV73TLVZDV6N37BL3VJP6ETITK/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:SV73TLVZDV6N37BL3VJP6ETITK","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ed0ce0fee84f63ce8417fb3db926c319833c9f3512eae3097bc74b8522aeede7","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2022-12-04T02:30:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"ace77a29689caa5894b981171600ad2fcb1d5543a35f5149c2f0f7128f5aba58"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2212.01725","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2212.01725","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2212.01725v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2212.01725","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"SV73TLVZDV6N","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"SV73TLVZDV6N37BL","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"SV73TLVZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:10dd63adb5e7c4845cb9fafa4b497d6561cd7573099fb8b2898d79703ba2e445","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2212.01725/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We study critical systems that allocate scarce resources to satisfy basic needs, such as homeless services that provide housing. These systems often support communities disproportionately affected by systemic racial, gender, or other injustices, so it is crucial to design these systems with fairness considerations in mind. To address this problem, we propose a framework for evaluating fairness in contextual resource allocation systems that is inspired by fairness metrics in machine learning. This framework can be applied to evaluate the fairness properties of a historical policy, as well as to","authors_text":"Bill Tang, Eric Rice, Kathryn Dullerud, Nathanael Jo, Phebe Vayanos, Sina Aghaei","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2022-12-04T02:30:58Z","title":"Fairness in Contextual Resource Allocation Systems: Metrics and Incompatibility Results"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2212.01725","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a7780212c7e74e3f8ebfc4033d958826f48db796dfe2845e4d6e8f6947d2c817","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ed0ce0fee84f63ce8417fb3db926c319833c9f3512eae3097bc74b8522aeede7","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2022-12-04T02:30:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"ace77a29689caa5894b981171600ad2fcb1d5543a35f5149c2f0f7128f5aba58"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2212.01725","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"957fb9aeb91d7cddfc2bdd52ff12689ab173fc01ab567617d42fe9727e0efdab","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"957fb9aeb91d7cddfc2bdd52ff12689ab173fc01ab567617d42fe9727e0efdab","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15.804844Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15.804844Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"OmX7oKMxw7IAzpDK3UJe+i2D2InmHgpBlVagB0IEtJ28zM5zrSoXskUoJBUbZW5sjvIQXu3w4uM0pVwYxT2eAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:22:15.805236Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2212.01725","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a7780212c7e74e3f8ebfc4033d958826f48db796dfe2845e4d6e8f6947d2c817","sha256:10dd63adb5e7c4845cb9fafa4b497d6561cd7573099fb8b2898d79703ba2e445"],"state_sha256":"1e5c353cf306a4ef05ef5a1c26f71ac33e1a92a51e6277086b294ec926fe26ac"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fbCtgK2zcI2idMRyCOs66Ht/9/1MT9lPAy1TzlnbpkfaxaKHv0Uhz5+m3YzCbhJ7Ryg7NYc8zgshdtbEvmRoAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T13:48:01.314189Z","bundle_sha256":"8de5d77027f03442e778e4ed7e4dc3451411ae013b40c69a94e3bb3e7cf38ce5"}}