{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2012:SW2BBBKPMQDZHLGAV6P47EJMYD","short_pith_number":"pith:SW2BBBKP","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"95b410854f640793acc0af9fcf912cc0dc2fab3f56d0e04dfe6f630fb1dbcccb","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1202.3737","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Detecting low-complexity unobserved causes","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["stat.ML"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Bernhard Schoelkopf, Dominik Janzing, Eleni Sgouritsa, Jonas Peters, Oliver Stegle","submitted_at":"2012-02-14T16:41:17Z","abstract_excerpt":"We describe a method that infers whether statistical dependences between two observed variables X and Y are due to a \"direct\" causal link or only due to a connecting causal path that contains an unobserved variable of low complexity, e.g., a binary variable. This problem is motivated by statistical genetics. Given a genetic marker that is correlated with a phenotype of interest, we want to detect whether this marker is causal or it only correlates with a causal one. Our method is based on the analysis of the location of the conditional distributions P(Y|x) in the simplex of all distributions o"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1202.3737","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2012-02-14T16:41:17Z","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"1d94bb0a7f457c3d1d5dfaafb6252ddc8c89241c8351d2850be6631786e545c8","abstract_canon_sha256":"f90c33fb85fe712343598fdddf693d27ecef8be0df42ed9e56f6e8a9f491c333"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:02:03.200460Z","signature_b64":"wB7fA4tW22jGnFB90mBnKdHOZtznqbSvpLqlMSM4TJFMg5YoTMH0VjfyY/ZqrquQ8tJyb6wqoSIG2ZNbPKWcDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"95b410854f640793acc0af9fcf912cc0dc2fab3f56d0e04dfe6f630fb1dbcccb","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:02:03.199853Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:02:03.199853Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Detecting low-complexity unobserved causes","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["stat.ML"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Bernhard Schoelkopf, Dominik Janzing, Eleni Sgouritsa, Jonas Peters, Oliver Stegle","submitted_at":"2012-02-14T16:41:17Z","abstract_excerpt":"We describe a method that infers whether statistical dependences between two observed variables X and Y are due to a \"direct\" causal link or only due to a connecting causal path that contains an unobserved variable of low complexity, e.g., a binary variable. This problem is motivated by statistical genetics. Given a genetic marker that is correlated with a phenotype of interest, we want to detect whether this marker is causal or it only correlates with a causal one. Our method is based on the analysis of the location of the conditional distributions P(Y|x) in the simplex of all distributions o"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1202.3737","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1202.3737","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:02:03.199928+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1202.3737v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:02:03.199928+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1202.3737","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:02:03.199928+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"SW2BBBKPMQDZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23.164592+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"SW2BBBKPMQDZHLGA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23.164592+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"SW2BBBKP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23.164592+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/SW2BBBKPMQDZHLGAV6P47EJMYD","json":"https://pith.science/pith/SW2BBBKPMQDZHLGAV6P47EJMYD.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/SW2BBBKPMQDZHLGAV6P47EJMYD/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/SW2BBBKPMQDZHLGAV6P47EJMYD/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/SW2BBBKP"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/SW2BBBKPMQDZHLGAV6P47EJMYD","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/SW2BBBKPMQDZHLGAV6P47EJMYD.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/SW2BBBKP","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1202.3737&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/SW2BBBKPMQDZHLGAV6P47EJMYD/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/SW2BBBKPMQDZHLGAV6P47EJMYD/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/SW2BBBKPMQDZHLGAV6P47EJMYD/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/SW2BBBKPMQDZHLGAV6P47EJMYD/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/SW2BBBKPMQDZHLGAV6P47EJMYD/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/SW2BBBKPMQDZHLGAV6P47EJMYD/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/SW2BBBKPMQDZHLGAV6P47EJMYD/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:02:03.199928+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T04:02:03.199928+00:00"}