{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:SWN2FHP6QUZPXMBONMMKTUWHFX","short_pith_number":"pith:SWN2FHP6","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2007.03934","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ao-ph","submitted_at":"2020-07-08T07:32:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.IM"],"title_canon_sha256":"3156dc303c2f283ab9caf1cee922d6a78ba16ba9553fc563376319a677468001","abstract_canon_sha256":"f3a884a2d77d1ecaaba918d9e7fa99d4df9cb5fc4467a685d8970bc2bf0d9221"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"959ba29dfe8532fbb02e6b18a9d2c72df95881e9017f723a9337c4d589333623","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2007.03934","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2007.03934","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2007.03934v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2007.03934","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"SWN2FHP6QUZP","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"SWN2FHP6QUZPXMBO","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"SWN2FHP6","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:SWN2FHP6QUZPXMBONMMKTUWHFX","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2007.03934","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ao-ph","submitted_at":"2020-07-08T07:32:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.IM"],"title_canon_sha256":"3156dc303c2f283ab9caf1cee922d6a78ba16ba9553fc563376319a677468001","abstract_canon_sha256":"f3a884a2d77d1ecaaba918d9e7fa99d4df9cb5fc4467a685d8970bc2bf0d9221"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"959ba29dfe8532fbb02e6b18a9d2c72df95881e9017f723a9337c4d589333623","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09.737763Z","signature_b64":"b+UEqM8cB/iSEHWmYJIJ1JruOoJVbmQaycCNUky6Ztlryz8MLJ7x1XlaWk8kzUa5U6CUq6B831rwtLMDfWsACQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"959ba29dfe8532fbb02e6b18a9d2c72df95881e9017f723a9337c4d589333623","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09.737257Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09.737257Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2007.03934","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jNJAEPvV7FUfjzl0OJnR6PU7JTtNncZL24xvDMyEsy3cUstHRhmbkqeIbxtyTJZkh2HPic7rNGFFFhBi/PXaDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-10T07:05:38.390244Z"},"content_sha256":"3a31fc584e70522c110eab4a45b0253177c263ce382f1383194363352d780921","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3a31fc584e70522c110eab4a45b0253177c263ce382f1383194363352d780921"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:SWN2FHP6QUZPXMBONMMKTUWHFX","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The initial stage of cloud lightning imaged in high-resolution","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.IM"],"primary_cat":"physics.ao-ph","authors_text":"A. Corstanje, A. Nelles, A. Pel, B.M. Hare, C. Sterpka, G.K. Krampah, H. Falcke, H. Pandya, I. Kolma\\v{s}ov\\'a, J. Dwyer, J.P. Rachen, J.R. H\\\"orandel, K. Mulrey, L. Uhl\\'i\\v{r}, O. Santol\\'ik, O. Scholten, P. Mitra, R. L\\'an, S. Buitink, S. ter Veen, S. Thoudam, T. Huege, T.N.G. Trinh, T. Winchen","submitted_at":"2020-07-08T07:32:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"With LOFAR we have been able to image the development of lightning flashes with meter-scale accuracy and unprecedented detail. We discuss the primary steps behind our most recent lightning mapping method. To demonstrate the capabilities of our technique we show and interpret images of the first few milliseconds of two intra-cloud flashes. In all our flashes the negative leaders propagate in the charge layer below the main negative charge. Among several interesting features we show that in about 2~ms after initiation the Primary Initial Leader triggers the formation of a multitude (more than te"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2007.03934","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2007.03934/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fwwkW6Upf+oJNgKoxQLAcpT/135SEqSCz9ir+spA7Zo7GOzhYD5aTfZtekJV8//a46ZXRyAaXeYUqkqliBLUAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-10T07:05:38.390646Z"},"content_sha256":"787fc7fa22485131d9c12c62aa1202fad201965af1dee68f51117394c3487592","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:787fc7fa22485131d9c12c62aa1202fad201965af1dee68f51117394c3487592"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/SWN2FHP6QUZPXMBONMMKTUWHFX/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/SWN2FHP6QUZPXMBONMMKTUWHFX/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/SWN2FHP6QUZPXMBONMMKTUWHFX/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-10T07:05:38Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/SWN2FHP6QUZPXMBONMMKTUWHFX","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/SWN2FHP6QUZPXMBONMMKTUWHFX/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/SWN2FHP6QUZPXMBONMMKTUWHFX/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/SWN2FHP6QUZPXMBONMMKTUWHFX/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:SWN2FHP6QUZPXMBONMMKTUWHFX","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f3a884a2d77d1ecaaba918d9e7fa99d4df9cb5fc4467a685d8970bc2bf0d9221","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.IM"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ao-ph","submitted_at":"2020-07-08T07:32:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"3156dc303c2f283ab9caf1cee922d6a78ba16ba9553fc563376319a677468001"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2007.03934","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2007.03934","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2007.03934v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2007.03934","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"SWN2FHP6QUZP","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"SWN2FHP6QUZPXMBO","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"SWN2FHP6","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:787fc7fa22485131d9c12c62aa1202fad201965af1dee68f51117394c3487592","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2007.03934/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"With LOFAR we have been able to image the development of lightning flashes with meter-scale accuracy and unprecedented detail. We discuss the primary steps behind our most recent lightning mapping method. To demonstrate the capabilities of our technique we show and interpret images of the first few milliseconds of two intra-cloud flashes. In all our flashes the negative leaders propagate in the charge layer below the main negative charge. Among several interesting features we show that in about 2~ms after initiation the Primary Initial Leader triggers the formation of a multitude (more than te","authors_text":"A. Corstanje, A. Nelles, A. Pel, B.M. Hare, C. Sterpka, G.K. Krampah, H. Falcke, H. Pandya, I. Kolma\\v{s}ov\\'a, J. Dwyer, J.P. Rachen, J.R. H\\\"orandel, K. Mulrey, L. Uhl\\'i\\v{r}, O. Santol\\'ik, O. Scholten, P. Mitra, R. L\\'an, S. Buitink, S. ter Veen, S. Thoudam, T. Huege, T.N.G. Trinh, T. Winchen","cross_cats":["astro-ph.IM"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ao-ph","submitted_at":"2020-07-08T07:32:33Z","title":"The initial stage of cloud lightning imaged in high-resolution"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2007.03934","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3a31fc584e70522c110eab4a45b0253177c263ce382f1383194363352d780921","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f3a884a2d77d1ecaaba918d9e7fa99d4df9cb5fc4467a685d8970bc2bf0d9221","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.IM"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ao-ph","submitted_at":"2020-07-08T07:32:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"3156dc303c2f283ab9caf1cee922d6a78ba16ba9553fc563376319a677468001"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2007.03934","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"959ba29dfe8532fbb02e6b18a9d2c72df95881e9017f723a9337c4d589333623","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"959ba29dfe8532fbb02e6b18a9d2c72df95881e9017f723a9337c4d589333623","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09.737257Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09.737257Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"b+UEqM8cB/iSEHWmYJIJ1JruOoJVbmQaycCNUky6Ztlryz8MLJ7x1XlaWk8kzUa5U6CUq6B831rwtLMDfWsACQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:09.737763Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2007.03934","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3a31fc584e70522c110eab4a45b0253177c263ce382f1383194363352d780921","sha256:787fc7fa22485131d9c12c62aa1202fad201965af1dee68f51117394c3487592"],"state_sha256":"5bda8db7e223fe2e5c4b02742bfa4291d21dd087159a729e032eea1dd706d229"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fDf4isyb4RCezqeGvpzPiJ87S5+6wVAo83REs0OxjAJn5wAganTj5DPf5EsDjPa1lujl/xXDS7T1eZqvLcF1AA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-10T07:05:38.392618Z","bundle_sha256":"266172fd39a0366d8e6e9e85a2f81daa5d7228de8c0a51b0b99b838b591f618a"}}