{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:T4DGOO6YY4VSBI2VWPCT7BLIOB","short_pith_number":"pith:T4DGOO6Y","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.14200","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-17T05:36:39Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.HC"],"title_canon_sha256":"7cbd00687f94d774c10128cc08c36a5102d5a706158551d42dbba58d53a196bc","abstract_canon_sha256":"50cfc0ce35ec58ba68abd3add831c690a2c6f73f4c627d37d366ddc03ff7f8e0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9f06673bd8c72b20a355b3c53f856870539cb5e81f48534aea6d573c5821dd1f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2506.14200","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.14200","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.14200v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.14200","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"T4DGOO6YY4VS","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"T4DGOO6YY4VSBI2V","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"T4DGOO6Y","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:T4DGOO6YY4VSBI2VWPCT7BLIOB","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.14200","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-17T05:36:39Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.HC"],"title_canon_sha256":"7cbd00687f94d774c10128cc08c36a5102d5a706158551d42dbba58d53a196bc","abstract_canon_sha256":"50cfc0ce35ec58ba68abd3add831c690a2c6f73f4c627d37d366ddc03ff7f8e0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9f06673bd8c72b20a355b3c53f856870539cb5e81f48534aea6d573c5821dd1f","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50.727462Z","signature_b64":"ZRul1OmBftQ/AyasEesqqkxA4zUWuQgACqszdGIK97XVPzRc9KbxDoTpXwApScExWDARyyljmgaobII/cfMhCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"9f06673bd8c72b20a355b3c53f856870539cb5e81f48534aea6d573c5821dd1f","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50.726964Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50.726964Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2506.14200","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ReaBPfx2nf4UIqs03HK0dKZ+pc+x/5z2l1RIn+GOrulbDNOTnUk+qOEsBLP1ZX0mMle6iYiQSBdPWztrCjdJBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T01:07:31.635830Z"},"content_sha256":"dee3818619399283534a9ba494db02116ef34ed7a1454c938ea714f84ca705e4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:dee3818619399283534a9ba494db02116ef34ed7a1454c938ea714f84ca705e4"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:T4DGOO6YY4VSBI2VWPCT7BLIOB","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"ELI-Why: Evaluating the Pedagogical Utility of Language Model Explanations","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.HC"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Brihi Joshi, Kaitlyn Zhou, Keyu He, Sadra Sabouri, Sahana Ramnath, Souti Chattopadhyay, Swabha Swayamdipta, Xiang Ren","submitted_at":"2025-06-17T05:36:39Z","abstract_excerpt":"Language models today are widely used in education, yet their ability to tailor responses for learners with varied informational needs and knowledge backgrounds remains under-explored. To this end, we introduce ELI-Why, a benchmark of 13.4K \"Why\" questions to evaluate the pedagogical capabilities of language models. We then conduct two extensive human studies to assess the utility of language model-generated explanatory answers (explanations) on our benchmark, tailored to three distinct educational grades: elementary, high-school and graduate school. In our first study, human raters assume the"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.14200","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2506.14200/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ikZ1dbHaR96NwILSBD3JlPiz0ynOGHYgrmzRsp2VejeFbFG7fblS2QTbNuPUHz6kiLKb/PiNNAhH3jzlpZaGCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T01:07:31.639307Z"},"content_sha256":"60f120ff56374d8e34018317203da02199b25062372e4d591288da0cf17203db","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:60f120ff56374d8e34018317203da02199b25062372e4d591288da0cf17203db"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/T4DGOO6YY4VSBI2VWPCT7BLIOB/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/T4DGOO6YY4VSBI2VWPCT7BLIOB/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/T4DGOO6YY4VSBI2VWPCT7BLIOB/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-08T01:07:31Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/T4DGOO6YY4VSBI2VWPCT7BLIOB","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/T4DGOO6YY4VSBI2VWPCT7BLIOB/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/T4DGOO6YY4VSBI2VWPCT7BLIOB/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/T4DGOO6YY4VSBI2VWPCT7BLIOB/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:T4DGOO6YY4VSBI2VWPCT7BLIOB","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"50cfc0ce35ec58ba68abd3add831c690a2c6f73f4c627d37d366ddc03ff7f8e0","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.HC"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-17T05:36:39Z","title_canon_sha256":"7cbd00687f94d774c10128cc08c36a5102d5a706158551d42dbba58d53a196bc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.14200","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.14200","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.14200v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.14200","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"T4DGOO6YY4VS","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"T4DGOO6YY4VSBI2V","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"T4DGOO6Y","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:60f120ff56374d8e34018317203da02199b25062372e4d591288da0cf17203db","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2506.14200/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Language models today are widely used in education, yet their ability to tailor responses for learners with varied informational needs and knowledge backgrounds remains under-explored. To this end, we introduce ELI-Why, a benchmark of 13.4K \"Why\" questions to evaluate the pedagogical capabilities of language models. We then conduct two extensive human studies to assess the utility of language model-generated explanatory answers (explanations) on our benchmark, tailored to three distinct educational grades: elementary, high-school and graduate school. In our first study, human raters assume the","authors_text":"Brihi Joshi, Kaitlyn Zhou, Keyu He, Sadra Sabouri, Sahana Ramnath, Souti Chattopadhyay, Swabha Swayamdipta, Xiang Ren","cross_cats":["cs.HC"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-17T05:36:39Z","title":"ELI-Why: Evaluating the Pedagogical Utility of Language Model Explanations"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.14200","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:dee3818619399283534a9ba494db02116ef34ed7a1454c938ea714f84ca705e4","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"50cfc0ce35ec58ba68abd3add831c690a2c6f73f4c627d37d366ddc03ff7f8e0","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.HC"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-17T05:36:39Z","title_canon_sha256":"7cbd00687f94d774c10128cc08c36a5102d5a706158551d42dbba58d53a196bc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.14200","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"9f06673bd8c72b20a355b3c53f856870539cb5e81f48534aea6d573c5821dd1f","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"9f06673bd8c72b20a355b3c53f856870539cb5e81f48534aea6d573c5821dd1f","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50.726964Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50.726964Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ZRul1OmBftQ/AyasEesqqkxA4zUWuQgACqszdGIK97XVPzRc9KbxDoTpXwApScExWDARyyljmgaobII/cfMhCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:22:50.727462Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2506.14200","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:dee3818619399283534a9ba494db02116ef34ed7a1454c938ea714f84ca705e4","sha256:60f120ff56374d8e34018317203da02199b25062372e4d591288da0cf17203db"],"state_sha256":"739121dda54b71061d0a3c47d5a385c8df44a21045c67e4927e9085fa61efbb1"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Emo1zkR/lCQIQTu+tiTuB5OfpnOFTdR1aqDAcXkxGlquaZFUR/HoGpPVvjdC21dGwlNdBB/hCFrsSwXra9w5Cg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T01:07:31.716065Z","bundle_sha256":"c00d74ba200a14921189e8ef943a1e696541df3d5715cf757964950d7807743f"}}