{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:T4KFRXR5AYGTIS6ENWU6NKKSYW","short_pith_number":"pith:T4KFRXR5","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1204.1625","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.hist-ph","submitted_at":"2012-04-07T12:21:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"32699e0b2c87b733c55789a3a2da414d1da4176c50d1686933183938df89cb5c","abstract_canon_sha256":"b0186849242ec44f4dd8f80c31499e7c1eb73c143b8289d54b298a03a765c9b2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9f1458de3d060d344bc46da9e6a952c5982183e01ce6d8c405307d289c05970e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1204.1625","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1204.1625","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1204.1625v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1204.1625","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"T4KFRXR5AYGT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"T4KFRXR5AYGTIS6E","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"T4KFRXR5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:T4KFRXR5AYGTIS6ENWU6NKKSYW","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1204.1625","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.hist-ph","submitted_at":"2012-04-07T12:21:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"32699e0b2c87b733c55789a3a2da414d1da4176c50d1686933183938df89cb5c","abstract_canon_sha256":"b0186849242ec44f4dd8f80c31499e7c1eb73c143b8289d54b298a03a765c9b2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9f1458de3d060d344bc46da9e6a952c5982183e01ce6d8c405307d289c05970e","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:52.666897Z","signature_b64":"k6m3z1LRB76AMubeJqy+BHEOMEIjBKbGehr5ZP75rupxkpPmvtLO0fJTWp1nBBLgT6tb2tUSUgknbMNCzseKDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"9f1458de3d060d344bc46da9e6a952c5982183e01ce6d8c405307d289c05970e","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:52.666220Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:52.666220Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1204.1625","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"a4AHbo/cRoRRQA0RFMH0PGs3uH0ELk2fcsj4pk4fIhljh+qDuKuKmHecracVKHZac6Hfhr8awKbQarIprtnxDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T11:03:18.735843Z"},"content_sha256":"6c906e7005979d0186fbf82df7dd54d09704b7ab167e4601b551d02e848b87c9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6c906e7005979d0186fbf82df7dd54d09704b7ab167e4601b551d02e848b87c9"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:T4KFRXR5AYGTIS6ENWU6NKKSYW","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Universe, the Cold War, and Dialectical Materialism","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.hist-ph","authors_text":"Helge Kragh","submitted_at":"2012-04-07T12:21:02Z","abstract_excerpt":"Ideological considerations have always influenced science, but rarely as directly and massively as in the Soviet Union during the early Cold War period. Cosmology was among the sciences that became heavily politicized and forced to conform to the doctrines of Marxism-Leninism. This field of science developed entirely differently in the Communist countries than in the West, in large measure because of political pressure. Certain cosmological models, in particular of the big bang type, were declared pseudo-scientific and idealistic because they implied a cosmic creation, a concept which was take"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1204.1625","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"N0mdihBc0JQ3VZwQ0mjOljUK6S8VEqsfL0P/VNsfRirs+0L/I6tFQpixVazqhx6ePQGObyOBNPh+XwAShQDVBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T11:03:18.736778Z"},"content_sha256":"c18e1ad45c0205e129294930c862644a686488b188b652c1fe71ee84769b5194","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c18e1ad45c0205e129294930c862644a686488b188b652c1fe71ee84769b5194"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/T4KFRXR5AYGTIS6ENWU6NKKSYW/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/T4KFRXR5AYGTIS6ENWU6NKKSYW/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/T4KFRXR5AYGTIS6ENWU6NKKSYW/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T11:03:18Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/T4KFRXR5AYGTIS6ENWU6NKKSYW","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/T4KFRXR5AYGTIS6ENWU6NKKSYW/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/T4KFRXR5AYGTIS6ENWU6NKKSYW/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/T4KFRXR5AYGTIS6ENWU6NKKSYW/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:T4KFRXR5AYGTIS6ENWU6NKKSYW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b0186849242ec44f4dd8f80c31499e7c1eb73c143b8289d54b298a03a765c9b2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.hist-ph","submitted_at":"2012-04-07T12:21:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"32699e0b2c87b733c55789a3a2da414d1da4176c50d1686933183938df89cb5c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1204.1625","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1204.1625","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1204.1625v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1204.1625","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"T4KFRXR5AYGT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"T4KFRXR5AYGTIS6E","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"T4KFRXR5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c18e1ad45c0205e129294930c862644a686488b188b652c1fe71ee84769b5194","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Ideological considerations have always influenced science, but rarely as directly and massively as in the Soviet Union during the early Cold War period. Cosmology was among the sciences that became heavily politicized and forced to conform to the doctrines of Marxism-Leninism. This field of science developed entirely differently in the Communist countries than in the West, in large measure because of political pressure. Certain cosmological models, in particular of the big bang type, were declared pseudo-scientific and idealistic because they implied a cosmic creation, a concept which was take","authors_text":"Helge Kragh","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.hist-ph","submitted_at":"2012-04-07T12:21:02Z","title":"The Universe, the Cold War, and Dialectical Materialism"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1204.1625","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:6c906e7005979d0186fbf82df7dd54d09704b7ab167e4601b551d02e848b87c9","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b0186849242ec44f4dd8f80c31499e7c1eb73c143b8289d54b298a03a765c9b2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.hist-ph","submitted_at":"2012-04-07T12:21:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"32699e0b2c87b733c55789a3a2da414d1da4176c50d1686933183938df89cb5c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1204.1625","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"9f1458de3d060d344bc46da9e6a952c5982183e01ce6d8c405307d289c05970e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"9f1458de3d060d344bc46da9e6a952c5982183e01ce6d8c405307d289c05970e","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:52.666220Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:52.666220Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"k6m3z1LRB76AMubeJqy+BHEOMEIjBKbGehr5ZP75rupxkpPmvtLO0fJTWp1nBBLgT6tb2tUSUgknbMNCzseKDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:52.666897Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1204.1625","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:6c906e7005979d0186fbf82df7dd54d09704b7ab167e4601b551d02e848b87c9","sha256:c18e1ad45c0205e129294930c862644a686488b188b652c1fe71ee84769b5194"],"state_sha256":"2354f82ed07fde5e305a9d0b661a9bd4afc97cdb0bc4e4b3d1031cf512377563"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HxK9JFrCK3A4ut+VLE/ugENOAmFzQ+OZl4NdMNInaOe9aKEggQusBWNCR7zyA7WMHKyl9lN9plLnFCklI3EwCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T11:03:18.740174Z","bundle_sha256":"6b14ee6f40e4c33f76a5133e1c6d3d37455b835812558c419fe1b9916200811b"}}