{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:TA66FBGXUD52NST64IRA4TVQ6U","short_pith_number":"pith:TA66FBGX","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1206.4797","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2012-06-21T07:27:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"99012940309841c8870f80de5067de174fb897c23faa378b652d9fb62686bde7","abstract_canon_sha256":"5bf9ca0ca37f656538dc3b8a61291bd1526888c52cd8886a17f128c0ca150792"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"983de284d7a0fba6ca7ee2220e4eb0f539694424dddcad32e49cbdb3150bd670","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1206.4797","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1206.4797","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:34:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1206.4797v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:34:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1206.4797","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:34:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TA66FBGXUD52","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TA66FBGXUD52NST6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TA66FBGX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:TA66FBGXUD52NST64IRA4TVQ6U","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1206.4797","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2012-06-21T07:27:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"99012940309841c8870f80de5067de174fb897c23faa378b652d9fb62686bde7","abstract_canon_sha256":"5bf9ca0ca37f656538dc3b8a61291bd1526888c52cd8886a17f128c0ca150792"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"983de284d7a0fba6ca7ee2220e4eb0f539694424dddcad32e49cbdb3150bd670","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:34:45.284977Z","signature_b64":"OV7HrmNJWV0Z9UexBtL4OpMvZBiGXvcWS2HCb2kPaqrDyIAh3og1SjqhCMcHQElx9eMyjEBpsX46MjAixUN7Aw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"983de284d7a0fba6ca7ee2220e4eb0f539694424dddcad32e49cbdb3150bd670","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:34:45.283671Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:34:45.283671Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1206.4797","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:34:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/21YDb7wqjBqmyP930I9nNX3zZm9NCg2k8W1814Gdgu4nPzktHof0VbwaWjrfpWvBqApWTVQNo+kJXjik9oOCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T21:18:42.996269Z"},"content_sha256":"80125f73c2fc72182f1e61d4f5774a7e871ec71fa47356f080be98dc00c55e9b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:80125f73c2fc72182f1e61d4f5774a7e871ec71fa47356f080be98dc00c55e9b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:TA66FBGXUD52NST64IRA4TVQ6U","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Field-induced Confined States in Graphene","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"D. Tsuya, E. Watanabe, S. Moriyama, Y. Morita","submitted_at":"2012-06-21T07:27:37Z","abstract_excerpt":"We report an approach to confine the carriers in single-layer graphene, which leads to quantum devices with field-induced quantum confinement. We demonstrated that the Coulomb-blockade effect evolves under a uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the graphene device. Our experimental results show that field-induced quantum dots are realized in graphene, and a quantum confinement-deconfinement transition is switched by the magnetic field."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1206.4797","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:34:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ZpGhbswG8rsZMM5d++4Wvf8l4/4yk8HPLyhoYMP6OOKi71oN/Ldx4BL3Ic9PObkPWVadblNpGUdBinu23pjmDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T21:18:42.996951Z"},"content_sha256":"6ff581bd0799c290286fc3bd75ee8abf945dae9f6b5e15146e6e39de27f4d9b4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6ff581bd0799c290286fc3bd75ee8abf945dae9f6b5e15146e6e39de27f4d9b4"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TA66FBGXUD52NST64IRA4TVQ6U/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TA66FBGXUD52NST64IRA4TVQ6U/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TA66FBGXUD52NST64IRA4TVQ6U/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T21:18:42Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/TA66FBGXUD52NST64IRA4TVQ6U","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/TA66FBGXUD52NST64IRA4TVQ6U/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/TA66FBGXUD52NST64IRA4TVQ6U/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TA66FBGXUD52NST64IRA4TVQ6U/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:TA66FBGXUD52NST64IRA4TVQ6U","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5bf9ca0ca37f656538dc3b8a61291bd1526888c52cd8886a17f128c0ca150792","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2012-06-21T07:27:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"99012940309841c8870f80de5067de174fb897c23faa378b652d9fb62686bde7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1206.4797","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1206.4797","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:34:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1206.4797v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:34:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1206.4797","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:34:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TA66FBGXUD52","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TA66FBGXUD52NST6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TA66FBGX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6ff581bd0799c290286fc3bd75ee8abf945dae9f6b5e15146e6e39de27f4d9b4","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:34:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We report an approach to confine the carriers in single-layer graphene, which leads to quantum devices with field-induced quantum confinement. We demonstrated that the Coulomb-blockade effect evolves under a uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the graphene device. Our experimental results show that field-induced quantum dots are realized in graphene, and a quantum confinement-deconfinement transition is switched by the magnetic field.","authors_text":"D. Tsuya, E. Watanabe, S. Moriyama, Y. Morita","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2012-06-21T07:27:37Z","title":"Field-induced Confined States in Graphene"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1206.4797","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:80125f73c2fc72182f1e61d4f5774a7e871ec71fa47356f080be98dc00c55e9b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:34:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5bf9ca0ca37f656538dc3b8a61291bd1526888c52cd8886a17f128c0ca150792","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2012-06-21T07:27:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"99012940309841c8870f80de5067de174fb897c23faa378b652d9fb62686bde7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1206.4797","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"983de284d7a0fba6ca7ee2220e4eb0f539694424dddcad32e49cbdb3150bd670","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"983de284d7a0fba6ca7ee2220e4eb0f539694424dddcad32e49cbdb3150bd670","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:34:45.283671Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:34:45.283671Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"OV7HrmNJWV0Z9UexBtL4OpMvZBiGXvcWS2HCb2kPaqrDyIAh3og1SjqhCMcHQElx9eMyjEBpsX46MjAixUN7Aw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:34:45.284977Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1206.4797","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:80125f73c2fc72182f1e61d4f5774a7e871ec71fa47356f080be98dc00c55e9b","sha256:6ff581bd0799c290286fc3bd75ee8abf945dae9f6b5e15146e6e39de27f4d9b4"],"state_sha256":"5eb8c4800eec72b0d85181ad8833531b08f2c2e51975856466426656439afc86"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9N5CYCDxbKmPSetBUf4lBuqX5lCKuViXYzJKK0cw7ylbR+5VIpPKYJwCdc2PHqqKbBEeEj9YEfVyJPqUGqqjCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T21:18:43.000545Z","bundle_sha256":"f5f113d2e2551caef16df977a609c3ffe57fb720077b202b6b26592ea6e3b78c"}}