{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2021:TC2L2ZLOLUURT65B2IAMLYCJ62","short_pith_number":"pith:TC2L2ZLO","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"98b4bd656e5d2919fba1d200c5e049f686f1a551120735051246158781c3722d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2106.11263","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Non-local thermodynamic equilibrium effects determine the upper atmospheric temperature structure of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-9b","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","authors_text":"A. G. Sreejith, C. Huang, D. Shulyak, K. France, L. Fossati, M. E. Young, P. E. Cubillos, T. Koskinen","submitted_at":"2021-06-21T17:06:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"Several results indicate that the atmospheric temperature of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-9b in the main line formation region is a few thousand degrees higher than predicted by self-consistent models. We test whether non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) effects are responsible for the presumably higher temperature. We employ the Cloudy NLTE radiative transfer code to self-consistently compute the upper atmospheric temperature-pressure (TP) profile of KELT-9b, assuming solar metallicity. The Cloudy NLTE TP profile is $\\approx$2000 K hotter than that obtained with previous models assuming l"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2106.11263","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2021-06-21T17:06:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"aaee9d58f005a49e531c12a6a508319ca3a9612a0f2f32a318149f13270747cb","abstract_canon_sha256":"db449504c7522739395d76d365e7360b02d3cfe919cc8bd712a1816331c20c13"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:12:08.986496Z","signature_b64":"LhqYAaADCYJ1fvFtvvmcekO2IvlfHf4gsSUAwT1oDaIZeXl2FfjlNw8ivPjuZuwYRgwmtqEfL7By5KPm7VsRAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"98b4bd656e5d2919fba1d200c5e049f686f1a551120735051246158781c3722d","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:12:08.986006Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:12:08.986006Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Non-local thermodynamic equilibrium effects determine the upper atmospheric temperature structure of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-9b","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","authors_text":"A. G. Sreejith, C. Huang, D. Shulyak, K. France, L. Fossati, M. E. Young, P. E. Cubillos, T. Koskinen","submitted_at":"2021-06-21T17:06:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"Several results indicate that the atmospheric temperature of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-9b in the main line formation region is a few thousand degrees higher than predicted by self-consistent models. We test whether non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) effects are responsible for the presumably higher temperature. We employ the Cloudy NLTE radiative transfer code to self-consistently compute the upper atmospheric temperature-pressure (TP) profile of KELT-9b, assuming solar metallicity. The Cloudy NLTE TP profile is $\\approx$2000 K hotter than that obtained with previous models assuming l"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2106.11263","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2106.11263/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2106.11263","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:12:08.986065+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2106.11263v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:12:08.986065+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2106.11263","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:12:08.986065+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TC2L2ZLOLUUR","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:12:08.986065+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TC2L2ZLOLUURT65B","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:12:08.986065+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TC2L2ZLO","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:12:08.986065+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/TC2L2ZLOLUURT65B2IAMLYCJ62","json":"https://pith.science/pith/TC2L2ZLOLUURT65B2IAMLYCJ62.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/TC2L2ZLOLUURT65B2IAMLYCJ62/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/TC2L2ZLOLUURT65B2IAMLYCJ62/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/TC2L2ZLO"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/TC2L2ZLOLUURT65B2IAMLYCJ62","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/TC2L2ZLOLUURT65B2IAMLYCJ62.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/TC2L2ZLO","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2106.11263&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/TC2L2ZLOLUURT65B2IAMLYCJ62/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/TC2L2ZLOLUURT65B2IAMLYCJ62/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/TC2L2ZLOLUURT65B2IAMLYCJ62/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/TC2L2ZLOLUURT65B2IAMLYCJ62/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/TC2L2ZLOLUURT65B2IAMLYCJ62/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/TC2L2ZLOLUURT65B2IAMLYCJ62/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/TC2L2ZLOLUURT65B2IAMLYCJ62/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:12:08.986065+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T03:12:08.986065+00:00"}