{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:TCG6BETWYCI7UHFRYZEW2DSBSQ","short_pith_number":"pith:TCG6BETW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1306.0151","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2013-06-01T21:23:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.CD","physics.space-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"5e910a7c3ffe9a98fecdfe66cffc50f58bc02fe8d51af54d1a13fdf4949b7b0f","abstract_canon_sha256":"0c6fd92eb24c6bb21cd64086e3b891ff42ce319ae5bd990a197e1bd40c062805"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"988de09276c091fa1cb1c6496d0e4194037e726e11ae1892e79e3518afb8a87e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1306.0151","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1306.0151","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:52:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1306.0151v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:52:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1306.0151","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:52:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TCG6BETWYCI7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TCG6BETWYCI7UHFR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TCG6BETW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:59Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:TCG6BETWYCI7UHFRYZEW2DSBSQ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1306.0151","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2013-06-01T21:23:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.CD","physics.space-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"5e910a7c3ffe9a98fecdfe66cffc50f58bc02fe8d51af54d1a13fdf4949b7b0f","abstract_canon_sha256":"0c6fd92eb24c6bb21cd64086e3b891ff42ce319ae5bd990a197e1bd40c062805"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"988de09276c091fa1cb1c6496d0e4194037e726e11ae1892e79e3518afb8a87e","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:52:56.123103Z","signature_b64":"YeXX+YWGbOM5BKA2uuH0KeGyKHLDbG/e/OAzHVADP5xOO0K5Ix9totlmM/JNINEcPNrzqgmHR2YS8stObRoNDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"988de09276c091fa1cb1c6496d0e4194037e726e11ae1892e79e3518afb8a87e","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:52:56.122401Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:52:56.122401Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1306.0151","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:52:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"XhdLKa66xaf1IjuDcHRoUsfeTEl4K8u0VIKkxz6yUiwOQOXP7nlglpeZTqM5vnrekGTR0lz2ovXsBBIOzSahAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-23T07:07:25.402911Z"},"content_sha256":"9981bff05773a659a5ca202a49665482f2f9c632ed782e106ba59eeb48ee8eb5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9981bff05773a659a5ca202a49665482f2f9c632ed782e106ba59eeb48ee8eb5"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:TCG6BETWYCI7UHFRYZEW2DSBSQ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Particle energization through time-periodic helical magnetic fields","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["nlin.CD","physics.space-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"2), (2) Stockholm Uni., (3) Uni. of Alabama in Huntsville, (4) MIT), Abhay Ram (4) ((1) NORDITA, Axel Brandenburg (1, Brahmananda Dasgupta (3), Dhrubaditya Mitra (1), Eyvind Niklasson (1)","submitted_at":"2013-06-01T21:23:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"We solve for the motion of charged particles in a helical time-periodic ABC (Arnold-Beltrami-Childress) magnetic field. The magnetic field lines of a stationary ABC field with coefficients $A=B=C=1$ are chaotic, and we show that the motion of a charged particle in such a field is also chaotic at late times with positive Lyapunov exponent. We further show that in time-periodic ABC fields, the kinetic energy of a charged particle can increase indefinitely with time. At late times the mean kinetic energy grows as a power law in time with an exponent that approaches unity. For an initial distribut"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1306.0151","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:52:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"yyNoZ5emf/roUo1K4Hh0qWFR+sj+I2F1HixDiOKKhs5rAfc8tT0pAjwfa99xBqP+ktZQBm2DBNzGABZba09bDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-23T07:07:25.403662Z"},"content_sha256":"75de372de2aad7f37c0b0a11cf1f9ed4b4aa09405453eeaa0b2f8ead61ab1cf5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:75de372de2aad7f37c0b0a11cf1f9ed4b4aa09405453eeaa0b2f8ead61ab1cf5"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TCG6BETWYCI7UHFRYZEW2DSBSQ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TCG6BETWYCI7UHFRYZEW2DSBSQ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TCG6BETWYCI7UHFRYZEW2DSBSQ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-23T07:07:25Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/TCG6BETWYCI7UHFRYZEW2DSBSQ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/TCG6BETWYCI7UHFRYZEW2DSBSQ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/TCG6BETWYCI7UHFRYZEW2DSBSQ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TCG6BETWYCI7UHFRYZEW2DSBSQ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:TCG6BETWYCI7UHFRYZEW2DSBSQ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0c6fd92eb24c6bb21cd64086e3b891ff42ce319ae5bd990a197e1bd40c062805","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.CD","physics.space-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2013-06-01T21:23:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"5e910a7c3ffe9a98fecdfe66cffc50f58bc02fe8d51af54d1a13fdf4949b7b0f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1306.0151","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1306.0151","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:52:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1306.0151v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:52:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1306.0151","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:52:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TCG6BETWYCI7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TCG6BETWYCI7UHFR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TCG6BETW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:59Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:75de372de2aad7f37c0b0a11cf1f9ed4b4aa09405453eeaa0b2f8ead61ab1cf5","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:52:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We solve for the motion of charged particles in a helical time-periodic ABC (Arnold-Beltrami-Childress) magnetic field. The magnetic field lines of a stationary ABC field with coefficients $A=B=C=1$ are chaotic, and we show that the motion of a charged particle in such a field is also chaotic at late times with positive Lyapunov exponent. We further show that in time-periodic ABC fields, the kinetic energy of a charged particle can increase indefinitely with time. At late times the mean kinetic energy grows as a power law in time with an exponent that approaches unity. For an initial distribut","authors_text":"2), (2) Stockholm Uni., (3) Uni. of Alabama in Huntsville, (4) MIT), Abhay Ram (4) ((1) NORDITA, Axel Brandenburg (1, Brahmananda Dasgupta (3), Dhrubaditya Mitra (1), Eyvind Niklasson (1)","cross_cats":["nlin.CD","physics.space-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2013-06-01T21:23:55Z","title":"Particle energization through time-periodic helical magnetic fields"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1306.0151","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:9981bff05773a659a5ca202a49665482f2f9c632ed782e106ba59eeb48ee8eb5","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:52:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0c6fd92eb24c6bb21cd64086e3b891ff42ce319ae5bd990a197e1bd40c062805","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.CD","physics.space-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2013-06-01T21:23:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"5e910a7c3ffe9a98fecdfe66cffc50f58bc02fe8d51af54d1a13fdf4949b7b0f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1306.0151","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"988de09276c091fa1cb1c6496d0e4194037e726e11ae1892e79e3518afb8a87e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"988de09276c091fa1cb1c6496d0e4194037e726e11ae1892e79e3518afb8a87e","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:52:56.122401Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:52:56.122401Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"YeXX+YWGbOM5BKA2uuH0KeGyKHLDbG/e/OAzHVADP5xOO0K5Ix9totlmM/JNINEcPNrzqgmHR2YS8stObRoNDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:52:56.123103Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1306.0151","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:9981bff05773a659a5ca202a49665482f2f9c632ed782e106ba59eeb48ee8eb5","sha256:75de372de2aad7f37c0b0a11cf1f9ed4b4aa09405453eeaa0b2f8ead61ab1cf5"],"state_sha256":"92a8eceefac97c6e420ae5bd8b11eb1a8f6c9bdf9ddce8edee357ab730cc5d58"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Z6sq5mXe3chUIcBHPO+QpkLKJD029Aesb48ltrKlTY2VPrnrrejChygrnfoWJVHvvdGTWBxWmYVu4nzJ9y6LBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-23T07:07:25.407408Z","bundle_sha256":"ff60fe7bffe57e3b437b26d46fb2b81f5bc8e9cb161d6481805955e03d5fa04c"}}