{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:TD5KPJZWAPBCQAYNK7RSLJMVIE","short_pith_number":"pith:TD5KPJZW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1504.04682","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.TR","submitted_at":"2015-04-18T05:06:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.MF"],"title_canon_sha256":"8b3c1cca9ae41171a9c9f4e7579d93e3d79f40f2e4a62a7b565ab399d291fe26","abstract_canon_sha256":"4b451a7aa9fe95f706716de6daa0f3f058a29972be5d9e12be156047f543a119"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"98faa7a73603c228030d57e325a5954122785f5456a5dbf458f6d520116ce4ee","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1504.04682","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1504.04682","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1504.04682v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1504.04682","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TD5KPJZWAPBC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TD5KPJZWAPBCQAYN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TD5KPJZW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:42Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:TD5KPJZWAPBCQAYNK7RSLJMVIE","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1504.04682","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.TR","submitted_at":"2015-04-18T05:06:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.MF"],"title_canon_sha256":"8b3c1cca9ae41171a9c9f4e7579d93e3d79f40f2e4a62a7b565ab399d291fe26","abstract_canon_sha256":"4b451a7aa9fe95f706716de6daa0f3f058a29972be5d9e12be156047f543a119"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"98faa7a73603c228030d57e325a5954122785f5456a5dbf458f6d520116ce4ee","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:30.713930Z","signature_b64":"BYxhZKVbFBSaTZJ8wtF5duPEH8+PBEXlaMEsShLRPdP5rq8oWtPw/r7P/06g2zv1+jXot+/4oLjUjUZAhqx8CA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"98faa7a73603c228030d57e325a5954122785f5456a5dbf458f6d520116ce4ee","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:30.713400Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:30.713400Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1504.04682","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jqPpl+qUc5A4JKg5XIL9mQEgq9ryqVlurbIfd8ZCXjCAky9dx8dghouYuRG3DPuk40WULurfOjz5i/Qv5eQ+CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T09:22:45.950583Z"},"content_sha256":"4326edcc8f0352a7c32f85816b64f5250a8599c530858ed3f8733f39c5c421d8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4326edcc8f0352a7c32f85816b64f5250a8599c530858ed3f8733f39c5c421d8"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:TD5KPJZWAPBCQAYNK7RSLJMVIE","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Optimal Multiple Trading Times Under the Exponential OU Model with Transaction Costs","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["q-fin.MF"],"primary_cat":"q-fin.TR","authors_text":"Tim Leung, Xin Li, Zheng Wang","submitted_at":"2015-04-18T05:06:16Z","abstract_excerpt":"This paper studies the timing of trades under mean-reverting price dynamics subject to fixed transaction costs. We solve an optimal double stopping problem to determine the optimal times to enter and subsequently exit the market, when prices are driven by an exponential Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. In addition, we analyze a related optimal switching problem that involves an infinite sequence of trades, and identify the conditions under which the double stopping and switching problems admit the same optimal entry and/or exit timing strategies. Among our results, we find that the investor general"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1504.04682","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RB7xb0JzWVFsfoIbct/HpIDPPzbLEUDNjmG4HNsuylCPfmA1JDQk43ABmKS7DPBfSGbvnK743FQO+xD1xoEpBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T09:22:45.951245Z"},"content_sha256":"396703a45fd663ecdada3b31d97fc11d5e9b4fafbef94a570b052ddd6c2f89d7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:396703a45fd663ecdada3b31d97fc11d5e9b4fafbef94a570b052ddd6c2f89d7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TD5KPJZWAPBCQAYNK7RSLJMVIE/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TD5KPJZWAPBCQAYNK7RSLJMVIE/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TD5KPJZWAPBCQAYNK7RSLJMVIE/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-30T09:22:45Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/TD5KPJZWAPBCQAYNK7RSLJMVIE","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/TD5KPJZWAPBCQAYNK7RSLJMVIE/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/TD5KPJZWAPBCQAYNK7RSLJMVIE/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TD5KPJZWAPBCQAYNK7RSLJMVIE/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:TD5KPJZWAPBCQAYNK7RSLJMVIE","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4b451a7aa9fe95f706716de6daa0f3f058a29972be5d9e12be156047f543a119","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.MF"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.TR","submitted_at":"2015-04-18T05:06:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"8b3c1cca9ae41171a9c9f4e7579d93e3d79f40f2e4a62a7b565ab399d291fe26"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1504.04682","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1504.04682","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1504.04682v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1504.04682","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TD5KPJZWAPBC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TD5KPJZWAPBCQAYN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TD5KPJZW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:42Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:396703a45fd663ecdada3b31d97fc11d5e9b4fafbef94a570b052ddd6c2f89d7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This paper studies the timing of trades under mean-reverting price dynamics subject to fixed transaction costs. We solve an optimal double stopping problem to determine the optimal times to enter and subsequently exit the market, when prices are driven by an exponential Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. In addition, we analyze a related optimal switching problem that involves an infinite sequence of trades, and identify the conditions under which the double stopping and switching problems admit the same optimal entry and/or exit timing strategies. Among our results, we find that the investor general","authors_text":"Tim Leung, Xin Li, Zheng Wang","cross_cats":["q-fin.MF"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.TR","submitted_at":"2015-04-18T05:06:16Z","title":"Optimal Multiple Trading Times Under the Exponential OU Model with Transaction Costs"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1504.04682","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4326edcc8f0352a7c32f85816b64f5250a8599c530858ed3f8733f39c5c421d8","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4b451a7aa9fe95f706716de6daa0f3f058a29972be5d9e12be156047f543a119","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.MF"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.TR","submitted_at":"2015-04-18T05:06:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"8b3c1cca9ae41171a9c9f4e7579d93e3d79f40f2e4a62a7b565ab399d291fe26"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1504.04682","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"98faa7a73603c228030d57e325a5954122785f5456a5dbf458f6d520116ce4ee","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"98faa7a73603c228030d57e325a5954122785f5456a5dbf458f6d520116ce4ee","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:30.713400Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:30.713400Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"BYxhZKVbFBSaTZJ8wtF5duPEH8+PBEXlaMEsShLRPdP5rq8oWtPw/r7P/06g2zv1+jXot+/4oLjUjUZAhqx8CA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:30.713930Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1504.04682","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4326edcc8f0352a7c32f85816b64f5250a8599c530858ed3f8733f39c5c421d8","sha256:396703a45fd663ecdada3b31d97fc11d5e9b4fafbef94a570b052ddd6c2f89d7"],"state_sha256":"d4f2f042d933640214716f803e2f9191f096f6152f5a46392fd6e746a9aa62fa"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"K6JK1yhi9TGW2MGHb8vBqG3iKlbOroyuzVRMx9mQi3M5ihJxIklrxEDAFLwR2dtjKtHBVIpLF6vfu210yNQRAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T09:22:45.954573Z","bundle_sha256":"41bdd8965d91bbf0140da18c9b7cd04e90afc650f1feda224a465fd894598c2f"}}