{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2025:TETYFRHPFLTN2WFRJNMVMRAULL","short_pith_number":"pith:TETYFRHP","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"992782c4ef2ae6dd58b14b595644145aef2b116d6a4027bdc9c1d1ffa2ee6a4c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2508.16348","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Principled type I error rate inflation in two-arm clinical trial designs with external control information borrowing","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"stat.ME","authors_text":"Annette Kopp-Schneider, Manuel Wiesenfarth, Silvia Calderazzo, Vivienn Weru","submitted_at":"2025-08-22T12:41:31Z","abstract_excerpt":"External information borrowing is often considered in order to improve a clinical trial's efficiency. The Bayesian approach borrows such external information by specifying an informative prior distribution. A potential issue with this procedure is that external and current information may conflict, but such inconsistency may not be predictable a priori. Robust prior choices are typically proposed to limit extreme worsening of operating characteristics (OCs) in these situations. However, trade-offs are still present and in general no power gains are possible if strict control of type I error (T"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2508.16348","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2025-08-22T12:41:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6bcad84f851ef791a531154ab556be894d302f825b9d9e710e5379140c7fdcd0","abstract_canon_sha256":"c9822bb33dfeb827d01404b18b29dd854687b52d4233641b3bb5f97b038733f8"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:46.561385Z","signature_b64":"EIHWkCTo9wUinIlHfO9Qx86V7gljqeltxIPmk4Zg8aP4UzARnb5LX8Q0HOfS4rkRxRCxWgoTDvK6u2C5cjvNDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"992782c4ef2ae6dd58b14b595644145aef2b116d6a4027bdc9c1d1ffa2ee6a4c","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:46.560951Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:46.560951Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Principled type I error rate inflation in two-arm clinical trial designs with external control information borrowing","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"stat.ME","authors_text":"Annette Kopp-Schneider, Manuel Wiesenfarth, Silvia Calderazzo, Vivienn Weru","submitted_at":"2025-08-22T12:41:31Z","abstract_excerpt":"External information borrowing is often considered in order to improve a clinical trial's efficiency. The Bayesian approach borrows such external information by specifying an informative prior distribution. A potential issue with this procedure is that external and current information may conflict, but such inconsistency may not be predictable a priori. Robust prior choices are typically proposed to limit extreme worsening of operating characteristics (OCs) in these situations. However, trade-offs are still present and in general no power gains are possible if strict control of type I error (T"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2508.16348","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2508.16348/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2508.16348","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:46.561017+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2508.16348v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:46.561017+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2508.16348","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:46.561017+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TETYFRHPFLTN","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:46.561017+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TETYFRHPFLTN2WFR","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:46.561017+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TETYFRHP","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:46.561017+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/TETYFRHPFLTN2WFRJNMVMRAULL","json":"https://pith.science/pith/TETYFRHPFLTN2WFRJNMVMRAULL.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/TETYFRHPFLTN2WFRJNMVMRAULL/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/TETYFRHPFLTN2WFRJNMVMRAULL/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/TETYFRHP"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/TETYFRHPFLTN2WFRJNMVMRAULL","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/TETYFRHPFLTN2WFRJNMVMRAULL.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/TETYFRHP","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2508.16348&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/TETYFRHPFLTN2WFRJNMVMRAULL/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/TETYFRHPFLTN2WFRJNMVMRAULL/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/TETYFRHPFLTN2WFRJNMVMRAULL/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/TETYFRHPFLTN2WFRJNMVMRAULL/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/TETYFRHPFLTN2WFRJNMVMRAULL/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/TETYFRHPFLTN2WFRJNMVMRAULL/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/TETYFRHPFLTN2WFRJNMVMRAULL/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:46.561017+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:46.561017+00:00"}