{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:TFBM53AP7BZHRKC2PV4ZX62S2W","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":3,"valid_event_count":3,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"90cc48e4d0497738488682ecc95ca5b0851876d1eb3bc7562e307ed90d3fc19f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2026-07-10T08:45:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"a09b525b5a73baacd82b6cc013f1ab303295b917431b174577da514a520e38d2"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2607.09200","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2607.09200","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:18:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2607.09200v1","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:18:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2607.09200","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:18:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TFBM53AP7BZH","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:18:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TFBM53AP7BZHRKC2","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:18:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TFBM53AP","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:18:50Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:acce52da951d3c880d6c71196de280e826ba3d73a99f809d60e6c5a8e7677aa2","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:18:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2607.09200/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Pairwise and network meta-analyses occupy the highest tier of evidence-based medicine and routinely inform clinical guidelines and healthcare decision-making. Current approaches typically aggregate study-level treatment effects to obtain an overall estimate. We argue that the causal estimand should come first, with the aggregation derived only afterwards: the target population and the relevant sources of between-study heterogeneity should be explicitly defined before deriving the aggregation required for identification. This shift in perspective fundamentally changes both the estimands and the","authors_text":"Ahmed Boughdiri, Cl\\'ement Berenfeld, Francisco Andrade, Julie Josse","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2026-07-10T08:45:12Z","title":"Causal Perspectives on Network Meta-Analysis"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2607.09200","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d158428c26bb8344e4764e386dbceb9ca233b49e0ea572afcd9fde44646e0e2f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:18:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"90cc48e4d0497738488682ecc95ca5b0851876d1eb3bc7562e307ed90d3fc19f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2026-07-10T08:45:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"a09b525b5a73baacd82b6cc013f1ab303295b917431b174577da514a520e38d2"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2607.09200","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"9942ceec0ff87278a85a7d799bfb52d58f0c97e88b9a94b161da439eb766e568","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"9942ceec0ff87278a85a7d799bfb52d58f0c97e88b9a94b161da439eb766e568","first_computed_at":"2026-07-13T01:18:50.834648Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-13T01:18:50.834648Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"j5oU+RJjWB6o86bapCfnBwSXVcsu5Q+vDgwq+Pc9g+qx1l3QUuKeSibwiwYMT9o0JsoJfKhix4NEMGRMfWc4Cw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-13T01:18:50.836307Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2607.09200","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d158428c26bb8344e4764e386dbceb9ca233b49e0ea572afcd9fde44646e0e2f","sha256:acce52da951d3c880d6c71196de280e826ba3d73a99f809d60e6c5a8e7677aa2","sha256:94bf75d33ec22a5e2224164243611281316bdbb5bec96057edf925c9b58f9dae"],"state_sha256":"e1eedc187794e0621cc7ed6541cc8b28d7f9b8ad90cd4fe18a262d948b7afaff"}