{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:TJ4YTI44Y45ZZ4EUQ2K2W4VGHN","short_pith_number":"pith:TJ4YTI44","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1907.06687","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2019-07-15T18:33:13Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"0e1834b55d627d53e0de0192917d5b70e8d2dddecb07037597f5bea2d63a63e9","abstract_canon_sha256":"c43646739f2d6383da35ac9cf631cd8480a83d372413e367d0f3e0aca0b2c258"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9a7989a39cc73b9cf0948695ab72a63b4693c725acad23fc12046e91ab963106","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1907.06687","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1907.06687","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1907.06687v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1907.06687","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TJ4YTI44Y45Z","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TJ4YTI44Y45ZZ4EU","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TJ4YTI44","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:TJ4YTI44Y45ZZ4EUQ2K2W4VGHN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1907.06687","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2019-07-15T18:33:13Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"0e1834b55d627d53e0de0192917d5b70e8d2dddecb07037597f5bea2d63a63e9","abstract_canon_sha256":"c43646739f2d6383da35ac9cf631cd8480a83d372413e367d0f3e0aca0b2c258"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9a7989a39cc73b9cf0948695ab72a63b4693c725acad23fc12046e91ab963106","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02.878665Z","signature_b64":"T3NzayRx3rw4SPyxst6OmfEph54y0DfoNJhBtDW9wwY/4EzEAtJ60ct0WD5nz484PfVafuLzN4UBenNyXNL8AA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"9a7989a39cc73b9cf0948695ab72a63b4693c725acad23fc12046e91ab963106","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02.878156Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02.878156Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1907.06687","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rBLjPO1I3kZF0yVvHFsiuGkmofBrQfdCrHN+01C5is2DuLkNrL2jrbwOsBS2M4Ps3J02oOieFaz5jL49tgQKCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T09:30:38.838290Z"},"content_sha256":"8dca0084a181493667abaab7aa4408029df20ba3b4693e32d3b04848f5abcee9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8dca0084a181493667abaab7aa4408029df20ba3b4693e32d3b04848f5abcee9"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:TJ4YTI44Y45ZZ4EUQ2K2W4VGHN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The diverse lives of progenitors of hydrogen-rich core-collapse supernovae: the role of binary interaction","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.SR"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Alex de Koter, Emmanouil Zapartas, Iair Arcavi, Mathieu Renzo, Nathan Smith, Rob Farmer, Selma E. de Mink, Silvia Toonen, Stephen Justham, Ylva G\\\"otberg","submitted_at":"2019-07-15T18:33:13Z","abstract_excerpt":"Hydrogen-rich supernovae, known as Type II (SNe II), are the most common class of explosions observed following the collapse of the core of massive stars. We use analytical estimates and population synthesis simulations to assess the fraction of SNe II progenitors that are expected to have exchanged mass with a companion prior to explosion. We estimate that 1/3 to 1/2 of SN II progenitors have a history of mass exchange with a binary companion before exploding. The dominant binary channels leading to SN II progenitors involve the merger of binary stars. Mergers are expected to produce a divers"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1907.06687","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1907.06687/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zsCHZViZzAiXpr+zyRCD6APRS6sCEAw0DPGNVAsVana5lyYv5/h7WgbdFi6u0aFs8zKMqeaB6wYK6re1ePrxAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T09:30:38.838809Z"},"content_sha256":"ef029ddbe765fcc060d2fd3091f93a1670b068b70779015be8f6d8891b04d8c3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ef029ddbe765fcc060d2fd3091f93a1670b068b70779015be8f6d8891b04d8c3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TJ4YTI44Y45ZZ4EUQ2K2W4VGHN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TJ4YTI44Y45ZZ4EUQ2K2W4VGHN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TJ4YTI44Y45ZZ4EUQ2K2W4VGHN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-17T09:30:38Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/TJ4YTI44Y45ZZ4EUQ2K2W4VGHN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/TJ4YTI44Y45ZZ4EUQ2K2W4VGHN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/TJ4YTI44Y45ZZ4EUQ2K2W4VGHN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TJ4YTI44Y45ZZ4EUQ2K2W4VGHN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:TJ4YTI44Y45ZZ4EUQ2K2W4VGHN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c43646739f2d6383da35ac9cf631cd8480a83d372413e367d0f3e0aca0b2c258","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2019-07-15T18:33:13Z","title_canon_sha256":"0e1834b55d627d53e0de0192917d5b70e8d2dddecb07037597f5bea2d63a63e9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1907.06687","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1907.06687","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1907.06687v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1907.06687","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TJ4YTI44Y45Z","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TJ4YTI44Y45ZZ4EU","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TJ4YTI44","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:ef029ddbe765fcc060d2fd3091f93a1670b068b70779015be8f6d8891b04d8c3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1907.06687/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Hydrogen-rich supernovae, known as Type II (SNe II), are the most common class of explosions observed following the collapse of the core of massive stars. We use analytical estimates and population synthesis simulations to assess the fraction of SNe II progenitors that are expected to have exchanged mass with a companion prior to explosion. We estimate that 1/3 to 1/2 of SN II progenitors have a history of mass exchange with a binary companion before exploding. The dominant binary channels leading to SN II progenitors involve the merger of binary stars. Mergers are expected to produce a divers","authors_text":"Alex de Koter, Emmanouil Zapartas, Iair Arcavi, Mathieu Renzo, Nathan Smith, Rob Farmer, Selma E. de Mink, Silvia Toonen, Stephen Justham, Ylva G\\\"otberg","cross_cats":["astro-ph.SR"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2019-07-15T18:33:13Z","title":"The diverse lives of progenitors of hydrogen-rich core-collapse supernovae: the role of binary interaction"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1907.06687","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8dca0084a181493667abaab7aa4408029df20ba3b4693e32d3b04848f5abcee9","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c43646739f2d6383da35ac9cf631cd8480a83d372413e367d0f3e0aca0b2c258","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2019-07-15T18:33:13Z","title_canon_sha256":"0e1834b55d627d53e0de0192917d5b70e8d2dddecb07037597f5bea2d63a63e9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1907.06687","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"9a7989a39cc73b9cf0948695ab72a63b4693c725acad23fc12046e91ab963106","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"9a7989a39cc73b9cf0948695ab72a63b4693c725acad23fc12046e91ab963106","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02.878156Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02.878156Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"T3NzayRx3rw4SPyxst6OmfEph54y0DfoNJhBtDW9wwY/4EzEAtJ60ct0WD5nz484PfVafuLzN4UBenNyXNL8AA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:02.878665Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1907.06687","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8dca0084a181493667abaab7aa4408029df20ba3b4693e32d3b04848f5abcee9","sha256:ef029ddbe765fcc060d2fd3091f93a1670b068b70779015be8f6d8891b04d8c3"],"state_sha256":"cb397a2dbe6b3d1517526ab249e6250edcdf9d0e26f4dcea0de3a103dec80e55"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"aIJK2mgVMdU1LfK3sICEmkDvJe3qbBRtQmp6TQKDQKLm5Y30aJS9YUBcs3HlLodwDyUStTC/V4oLXbOfcphqAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T09:30:38.843450Z","bundle_sha256":"3bab5292aa1526655093db2cef081389aeb4d2ce0fa5a694bdee174fd665e0a5"}}