{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:TJSFHEVL3B2AQARFT5WMVITMIO","short_pith_number":"pith:TJSFHEVL","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1805.09266","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-05-23T16:26:41Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"eddb8ca3aeabcaaafc33df4da85e28fe78d9940e3582297f86c10b787b0af294","abstract_canon_sha256":"f3d93c0c24f3d91ad8722a2f28946324cc84252db3308c9eacc596d743520ed6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9a645392abd8740802259f6ccaa26c43aa3ed6da0388ed2220dea6f8939fd734","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1805.09266","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1805.09266","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1805.09266v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1805.09266","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TJSFHEVL3B2A","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TJSFHEVL3B2AQARF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TJSFHEVL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:53Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:TJSFHEVL3B2AQARFT5WMVITMIO","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1805.09266","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-05-23T16:26:41Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"eddb8ca3aeabcaaafc33df4da85e28fe78d9940e3582297f86c10b787b0af294","abstract_canon_sha256":"f3d93c0c24f3d91ad8722a2f28946324cc84252db3308c9eacc596d743520ed6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9a645392abd8740802259f6ccaa26c43aa3ed6da0388ed2220dea6f8939fd734","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:01.815548Z","signature_b64":"87j0Fk0Qg6jSEiCq0fUtYJkInvyYh/YCXEoKogOHLHYRVs9YXRA1auN4Q1oEn3bmPh3n4ZLvO9nML2oGvOW3DA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"9a645392abd8740802259f6ccaa26c43aa3ed6da0388ed2220dea6f8939fd734","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:01.815024Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:01.815024Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1805.09266","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"WChs3ie7JH5LPKNAX8iOvAcoWU7jGrKOOB51N7IpBHudpv0Vr8KHqEHNOVRNf8TCBvPRS+TKFxJ+Jjy6WC0+BQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T21:12:44.823122Z"},"content_sha256":"1040ac1c8a08f570242b1f5b790cb720cb10491d1cf62f5415a62af6df9331bf","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1040ac1c8a08f570242b1f5b790cb720cb10491d1cf62f5415a62af6df9331bf"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:TJSFHEVL3B2AQARFT5WMVITMIO","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Collective Online Learning of Gaussian Processes in Massive Multi-Agent Systems","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.DC","stat.ML"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Jonathan How, Kian Hsiang Low, Quang Minh Hoang, Trong Nghia Hoang","submitted_at":"2018-05-23T16:26:41Z","abstract_excerpt":"Distributed machine learning (ML) is a modern computation paradigm that divides its workload into independent tasks that can be simultaneously achieved by multiple machines (i.e., agents) for better scalability. However, a typical distributed system is usually implemented with a central server that collects data statistics from multiple independent machines operating on different subsets of data to build a global analytic model. This centralized communication architecture however exposes a single choke point for operational failure and places severe bottlenecks on the server's communication an"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1805.09266","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"C2AhhrJqo5JOaKhnoYZnJdTInobVlHVP+wQHZ/AEdCqMcURwX+ifyrobVL0NhwNNks1CTBi49aw/gzERouTXDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T21:12:44.823747Z"},"content_sha256":"fdda178c6db2f6a0d8327eb8120af9fddeee5b9732c8ec099fe6280c99589df8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fdda178c6db2f6a0d8327eb8120af9fddeee5b9732c8ec099fe6280c99589df8"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TJSFHEVL3B2AQARFT5WMVITMIO/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TJSFHEVL3B2AQARFT5WMVITMIO/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TJSFHEVL3B2AQARFT5WMVITMIO/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-30T21:12:44Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/TJSFHEVL3B2AQARFT5WMVITMIO","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/TJSFHEVL3B2AQARFT5WMVITMIO/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/TJSFHEVL3B2AQARFT5WMVITMIO/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TJSFHEVL3B2AQARFT5WMVITMIO/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:TJSFHEVL3B2AQARFT5WMVITMIO","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f3d93c0c24f3d91ad8722a2f28946324cc84252db3308c9eacc596d743520ed6","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-05-23T16:26:41Z","title_canon_sha256":"eddb8ca3aeabcaaafc33df4da85e28fe78d9940e3582297f86c10b787b0af294"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1805.09266","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1805.09266","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1805.09266v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1805.09266","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TJSFHEVL3B2A","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TJSFHEVL3B2AQARF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TJSFHEVL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:53Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:fdda178c6db2f6a0d8327eb8120af9fddeee5b9732c8ec099fe6280c99589df8","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Distributed machine learning (ML) is a modern computation paradigm that divides its workload into independent tasks that can be simultaneously achieved by multiple machines (i.e., agents) for better scalability. However, a typical distributed system is usually implemented with a central server that collects data statistics from multiple independent machines operating on different subsets of data to build a global analytic model. This centralized communication architecture however exposes a single choke point for operational failure and places severe bottlenecks on the server's communication an","authors_text":"Jonathan How, Kian Hsiang Low, Quang Minh Hoang, Trong Nghia Hoang","cross_cats":["cs.DC","stat.ML"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-05-23T16:26:41Z","title":"Collective Online Learning of Gaussian Processes in Massive Multi-Agent Systems"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1805.09266","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1040ac1c8a08f570242b1f5b790cb720cb10491d1cf62f5415a62af6df9331bf","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f3d93c0c24f3d91ad8722a2f28946324cc84252db3308c9eacc596d743520ed6","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-05-23T16:26:41Z","title_canon_sha256":"eddb8ca3aeabcaaafc33df4da85e28fe78d9940e3582297f86c10b787b0af294"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1805.09266","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"9a645392abd8740802259f6ccaa26c43aa3ed6da0388ed2220dea6f8939fd734","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"9a645392abd8740802259f6ccaa26c43aa3ed6da0388ed2220dea6f8939fd734","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:01.815024Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:01.815024Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"87j0Fk0Qg6jSEiCq0fUtYJkInvyYh/YCXEoKogOHLHYRVs9YXRA1auN4Q1oEn3bmPh3n4ZLvO9nML2oGvOW3DA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:01.815548Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1805.09266","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1040ac1c8a08f570242b1f5b790cb720cb10491d1cf62f5415a62af6df9331bf","sha256:fdda178c6db2f6a0d8327eb8120af9fddeee5b9732c8ec099fe6280c99589df8"],"state_sha256":"a7cfc933f8047e8eda6581267360950d52bea5087badc4377fd450cd44268625"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Rh1a0v+509iwse4NNi7hjwuuoztVi+yPCGPV6vZ6xq3QXFHTJ6qeLaYarTX4Part3gZTaRYN24y8ilNiTQMuCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T21:12:44.827568Z","bundle_sha256":"1fe07b54820aed2116942258cac4c8e07690b1d4f5d132d624a2186d78b70e89"}}