{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:TPMGEJBOVHZ4UW22PUQCF2J3LZ","short_pith_number":"pith:TPMGEJBO","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2309.05520","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-09-11T15:02:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ce216d8b063d08e43774d9a5ebc6c37ddf5f674e57145b00b78d57ee8c7196db","abstract_canon_sha256":"ed09c90af68715ad153a6cc81888f647163e0ad904457f70b08a71d8181a69a1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9bd862242ea9f3ca5b5a7d2022e93b5e46055dca6d1dfeb514225b35db4dc2de","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2309.05520","version":4},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.05520","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.05520v4","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.05520","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TPMGEJBOVHZ4","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TPMGEJBOVHZ4UW22","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TPMGEJBO","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:TPMGEJBOVHZ4UW22PUQCF2J3LZ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2309.05520","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-09-11T15:02:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ce216d8b063d08e43774d9a5ebc6c37ddf5f674e57145b00b78d57ee8c7196db","abstract_canon_sha256":"ed09c90af68715ad153a6cc81888f647163e0ad904457f70b08a71d8181a69a1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9bd862242ea9f3ca5b5a7d2022e93b5e46055dca6d1dfeb514225b35db4dc2de","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09.356930Z","signature_b64":"OtC6TPRs4PhcdnOnkA5GqoZq+pP8YsGBjNOtvC4x6Do3JYThm0l3uEhDTG1FJZfOnIfziQbG6si4fktEGkPvDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"9bd862242ea9f3ca5b5a7d2022e93b5e46055dca6d1dfeb514225b35db4dc2de","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09.356405Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09.356405Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2309.05520","source_version":4,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"umXu09ODYxVoWwwnuP2m1DkQkYzvhC8kJh+RMUtWzCuEGoX23vSEZFHFUS/DX4bianCL6rbfYl9404bD1NF6Ag==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T18:34:54.306843Z"},"content_sha256":"9498fa9c1ea9390efa458ad0990e637199db4f70b418ce93600e87db3c843114","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9498fa9c1ea9390efa458ad0990e637199db4f70b418ce93600e87db3c843114"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:TPMGEJBOVHZ4UW22PUQCF2J3LZ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"When ChatGPT Meets Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection: How Far Are We?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"Chong Chen, Jiachi Chen, Jianxing Yu, Jianzhong Su, Ting Chen, Tingting Bi, Xingwei Lin, Yanlin Wang, Yanli Wang, Zibin Zheng","submitted_at":"2023-09-11T15:02:44Z","abstract_excerpt":"With the development of blockchain technology, smart contracts have become an important component of blockchain applications. Despite their crucial role, the development of smart contracts may introduce vulnerabilities and potentially lead to severe consequences, such as financial losses. Meanwhile, large language models, represented by ChatGPT, have gained great attentions, showcasing great capabilities in code analysis tasks. In this paper, we presented an empirical study to investigate the performance of ChatGPT in identifying smart contract vulnerabilities. Initially, we evaluated ChatGPT'"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.05520","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2309.05520/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"oNDQhaUtR3Rb0ik3Fp07qAzN4KfENqphzWYVCLdWpWJd26tBruI1zw9jbOY8JWPd+wcMJNjKQiNq0UHjHHxFCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T18:34:54.307354Z"},"content_sha256":"18e808dede33a274a736ea1b5d52fffafb30ecdf00a50bab103717570f640cc3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:18e808dede33a274a736ea1b5d52fffafb30ecdf00a50bab103717570f640cc3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TPMGEJBOVHZ4UW22PUQCF2J3LZ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TPMGEJBOVHZ4UW22PUQCF2J3LZ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TPMGEJBOVHZ4UW22PUQCF2J3LZ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-07T18:34:54Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/TPMGEJBOVHZ4UW22PUQCF2J3LZ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/TPMGEJBOVHZ4UW22PUQCF2J3LZ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/TPMGEJBOVHZ4UW22PUQCF2J3LZ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TPMGEJBOVHZ4UW22PUQCF2J3LZ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:TPMGEJBOVHZ4UW22PUQCF2J3LZ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ed09c90af68715ad153a6cc81888f647163e0ad904457f70b08a71d8181a69a1","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-09-11T15:02:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"ce216d8b063d08e43774d9a5ebc6c37ddf5f674e57145b00b78d57ee8c7196db"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.05520","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.05520","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.05520v4","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.05520","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TPMGEJBOVHZ4","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TPMGEJBOVHZ4UW22","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TPMGEJBO","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:18e808dede33a274a736ea1b5d52fffafb30ecdf00a50bab103717570f640cc3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2309.05520/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"With the development of blockchain technology, smart contracts have become an important component of blockchain applications. Despite their crucial role, the development of smart contracts may introduce vulnerabilities and potentially lead to severe consequences, such as financial losses. Meanwhile, large language models, represented by ChatGPT, have gained great attentions, showcasing great capabilities in code analysis tasks. In this paper, we presented an empirical study to investigate the performance of ChatGPT in identifying smart contract vulnerabilities. Initially, we evaluated ChatGPT'","authors_text":"Chong Chen, Jiachi Chen, Jianxing Yu, Jianzhong Su, Ting Chen, Tingting Bi, Xingwei Lin, Yanlin Wang, Yanli Wang, Zibin Zheng","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-09-11T15:02:44Z","title":"When ChatGPT Meets Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection: How Far Are We?"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.05520","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:9498fa9c1ea9390efa458ad0990e637199db4f70b418ce93600e87db3c843114","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ed09c90af68715ad153a6cc81888f647163e0ad904457f70b08a71d8181a69a1","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-09-11T15:02:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"ce216d8b063d08e43774d9a5ebc6c37ddf5f674e57145b00b78d57ee8c7196db"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.05520","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"canonical_sha256":"9bd862242ea9f3ca5b5a7d2022e93b5e46055dca6d1dfeb514225b35db4dc2de","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"9bd862242ea9f3ca5b5a7d2022e93b5e46055dca6d1dfeb514225b35db4dc2de","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09.356405Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09.356405Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"OtC6TPRs4PhcdnOnkA5GqoZq+pP8YsGBjNOtvC4x6Do3JYThm0l3uEhDTG1FJZfOnIfziQbG6si4fktEGkPvDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:35:09.356930Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2309.05520","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":4}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:9498fa9c1ea9390efa458ad0990e637199db4f70b418ce93600e87db3c843114","sha256:18e808dede33a274a736ea1b5d52fffafb30ecdf00a50bab103717570f640cc3"],"state_sha256":"8877e87640d5eb97edb4dcf558e19d86dccc40d3556e83975691f16ac8f49cf5"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"I8VD9tNImhgUN5l7ivblhsfBmfhVDnFw73Aa5RRfcWYxSLOJKpl3+RVxxxh0PlBou2UfE6YFnzs+VPH2zczKBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T18:34:54.311357Z","bundle_sha256":"cccf42385ce14fe742cefa03d0c7d2bb451ea5c60d8e652f83ad902ad5783388"}}