{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2024:TRG3IC7Z2VHTZ5FUPGQABY7M6J","short_pith_number":"pith:TRG3IC7Z","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"9c4db40bf9d54f3cf4b479a000e3ecf268bae05dceabfacb184fc44bbf85de85","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2405.04571","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Null states and time evolution in a toy model of black hole dynamics","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc"],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Donald Marolf, Maciej Kolanowski, Xiaoyi Liu, Xi Dong, Zhencheng Wang","submitted_at":"2024-05-07T18:00:01Z","abstract_excerpt":"Spacetime wormholes can provide non-perturbative contributions to the gravitational path integral that make the actual number of states $e^S$ in a gravitational system much smaller than the number of states $e^{S_{\\mathrm{p}}}$ predicted by perturbative semiclassical effective field theory. The effects on the physics of the system are naturally profound in contexts in which the perturbative description actively involves $N = O(e^S)$ of the possible $e^{S_{\\mathrm{p}}}$ perturbative states; e.g., in late stages of black hole evaporation. Such contexts are typically associated with the existence"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2405.04571","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2024-05-07T18:00:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc"],"title_canon_sha256":"5f8c8c4228fc7eba9ee23e4956a02fa99e4faf8586b59fb2713fd0b71f7fb0c0","abstract_canon_sha256":"8f039f4b79879a0b1772fa498a7ae79db8c399ca21bd951ce8e86d210e9bff09"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:16:50.674338Z","signature_b64":"ay3JCiqNZESzDBU6iWWEN/La86TPIJL7AejZxNwSickyDBdWkjBDvRRRbqGyLKNOzaiF2yukWebUfuj270d0DQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"9c4db40bf9d54f3cf4b479a000e3ecf268bae05dceabfacb184fc44bbf85de85","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:16:50.673786Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:16:50.673786Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Null states and time evolution in a toy model of black hole dynamics","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc"],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Donald Marolf, Maciej Kolanowski, Xiaoyi Liu, Xi Dong, Zhencheng Wang","submitted_at":"2024-05-07T18:00:01Z","abstract_excerpt":"Spacetime wormholes can provide non-perturbative contributions to the gravitational path integral that make the actual number of states $e^S$ in a gravitational system much smaller than the number of states $e^{S_{\\mathrm{p}}}$ predicted by perturbative semiclassical effective field theory. The effects on the physics of the system are naturally profound in contexts in which the perturbative description actively involves $N = O(e^S)$ of the possible $e^{S_{\\mathrm{p}}}$ perturbative states; e.g., in late stages of black hole evaporation. Such contexts are typically associated with the existence"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2405.04571","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2405.04571/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2405.04571","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:16:50.673848+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2405.04571v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:16:50.673848+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2405.04571","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:16:50.673848+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TRG3IC7Z2VHT","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:16:50.673848+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TRG3IC7Z2VHTZ5FU","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:16:50.673848+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TRG3IC7Z","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:16:50.673848+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":2,"internal_anchor_count":2,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2607.01322","citing_title":"Wormholes as red herrings: reflection positivity and the reconstruction of unitary quantum field theories","ref_index":35,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.05291","citing_title":"Baby Universe in a Coupled SYK Model","ref_index":26,"is_internal_anchor":true}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/TRG3IC7Z2VHTZ5FUPGQABY7M6J","json":"https://pith.science/pith/TRG3IC7Z2VHTZ5FUPGQABY7M6J.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/TRG3IC7Z2VHTZ5FUPGQABY7M6J/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/TRG3IC7Z2VHTZ5FUPGQABY7M6J/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/TRG3IC7Z"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/TRG3IC7Z2VHTZ5FUPGQABY7M6J","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/TRG3IC7Z2VHTZ5FUPGQABY7M6J.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/TRG3IC7Z","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2405.04571&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/TRG3IC7Z2VHTZ5FUPGQABY7M6J/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/TRG3IC7Z2VHTZ5FUPGQABY7M6J/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/TRG3IC7Z2VHTZ5FUPGQABY7M6J/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/TRG3IC7Z2VHTZ5FUPGQABY7M6J/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/TRG3IC7Z2VHTZ5FUPGQABY7M6J/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/TRG3IC7Z2VHTZ5FUPGQABY7M6J/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/TRG3IC7Z2VHTZ5FUPGQABY7M6J/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:16:50.673848+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T08:16:50.673848+00:00"}