{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:TRSDMXHDUKGZQ37NLGBRMLDENI","short_pith_number":"pith:TRSDMXHD","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2206.11402","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2022-06-22T22:05:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"0d37fe1ca7f67d530904fe81193e5c9607e9b4e5b39cd1f97f9539a9646e5453","abstract_canon_sha256":"51f7c29805da33c7e9b63cd7ad6f11e9cb1249308a5a6b8a9360c9f1040d0d12"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9c64365ce3a28d986fed5983162c646a140d4eb6658929dd2ea6304f7bc8fc4e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2206.11402","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2206.11402","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2206.11402v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2206.11402","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TRSDMXHDUKGZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TRSDMXHDUKGZQ37N","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TRSDMXHD","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:TRSDMXHDUKGZQ37NLGBRMLDENI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2206.11402","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2022-06-22T22:05:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"0d37fe1ca7f67d530904fe81193e5c9607e9b4e5b39cd1f97f9539a9646e5453","abstract_canon_sha256":"51f7c29805da33c7e9b63cd7ad6f11e9cb1249308a5a6b8a9360c9f1040d0d12"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9c64365ce3a28d986fed5983162c646a140d4eb6658929dd2ea6304f7bc8fc4e","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19.430502Z","signature_b64":"IokpMcGNCaA6lpw9QZgXua9ddHs2q4fXcC5YCjSVZNcWCX66GEtIAMuidXXpYyp0GxsofUWr7YOafcD7Et83Cw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"9c64365ce3a28d986fed5983162c646a140d4eb6658929dd2ea6304f7bc8fc4e","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19.430097Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19.430097Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2206.11402","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FPC1DPw88UoQl3t9u1NsNM7z/F0AOSxJ7UCTJu3FYDQJGklhaYllVmKQvkrq0HzAi6iHgTcox0XLpMcE+gKKAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-21T20:04:44.315861Z"},"content_sha256":"f93baf02cebc22bec1b1fdd4cd07dad19e83a346d0fc83ac7b5515313ce7dbda","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f93baf02cebc22bec1b1fdd4cd07dad19e83a346d0fc83ac7b5515313ce7dbda"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:TRSDMXHDUKGZQ37NLGBRMLDENI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Optimal Local Bayesian Differential Privacy over Markov Chains","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Aditya Saraf, Darshan Chakrabarti, Fang-Yi Yu, Grant Schoenebeck, Jie Gao","submitted_at":"2022-06-22T22:05:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"In the literature of data privacy, differential privacy is the most popular model. An algorithm is differentially private if its outputs with and without any individual's data are indistinguishable. In this paper, we focus on data generated from a Markov chain and argue that Bayesian differential privacy (BDP) offers more meaningful guarantees in this context. Our main theoretical contribution is providing a mechanism for achieving BDP when data is drawn from a binary Markov chain. We improve on the state-of-the-art BDP mechanism and show that our mechanism provides the optimal noise-privacy t"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2206.11402","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2206.11402/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"D7g4QCrntjnVZ6oQg4kJi4J4CxPaNM1IthSYXSlNxFspQ11UMKg1FQH7YvP7YNiAa4LfOs9wHL967MGxz1/HDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-21T20:04:44.316522Z"},"content_sha256":"7b0249a42197f34f322dfe87c6e25447a5370348822c345f42ad2bb867e8d61a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7b0249a42197f34f322dfe87c6e25447a5370348822c345f42ad2bb867e8d61a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TRSDMXHDUKGZQ37NLGBRMLDENI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TRSDMXHDUKGZQ37NLGBRMLDENI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TRSDMXHDUKGZQ37NLGBRMLDENI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-21T20:04:44Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/TRSDMXHDUKGZQ37NLGBRMLDENI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/TRSDMXHDUKGZQ37NLGBRMLDENI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/TRSDMXHDUKGZQ37NLGBRMLDENI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TRSDMXHDUKGZQ37NLGBRMLDENI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:TRSDMXHDUKGZQ37NLGBRMLDENI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"51f7c29805da33c7e9b63cd7ad6f11e9cb1249308a5a6b8a9360c9f1040d0d12","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2022-06-22T22:05:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"0d37fe1ca7f67d530904fe81193e5c9607e9b4e5b39cd1f97f9539a9646e5453"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2206.11402","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2206.11402","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2206.11402v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2206.11402","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TRSDMXHDUKGZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TRSDMXHDUKGZQ37N","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TRSDMXHD","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7b0249a42197f34f322dfe87c6e25447a5370348822c345f42ad2bb867e8d61a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2206.11402/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In the literature of data privacy, differential privacy is the most popular model. An algorithm is differentially private if its outputs with and without any individual's data are indistinguishable. In this paper, we focus on data generated from a Markov chain and argue that Bayesian differential privacy (BDP) offers more meaningful guarantees in this context. Our main theoretical contribution is providing a mechanism for achieving BDP when data is drawn from a binary Markov chain. We improve on the state-of-the-art BDP mechanism and show that our mechanism provides the optimal noise-privacy t","authors_text":"Aditya Saraf, Darshan Chakrabarti, Fang-Yi Yu, Grant Schoenebeck, Jie Gao","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2022-06-22T22:05:00Z","title":"Optimal Local Bayesian Differential Privacy over Markov Chains"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2206.11402","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f93baf02cebc22bec1b1fdd4cd07dad19e83a346d0fc83ac7b5515313ce7dbda","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"51f7c29805da33c7e9b63cd7ad6f11e9cb1249308a5a6b8a9360c9f1040d0d12","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2022-06-22T22:05:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"0d37fe1ca7f67d530904fe81193e5c9607e9b4e5b39cd1f97f9539a9646e5453"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2206.11402","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"9c64365ce3a28d986fed5983162c646a140d4eb6658929dd2ea6304f7bc8fc4e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"9c64365ce3a28d986fed5983162c646a140d4eb6658929dd2ea6304f7bc8fc4e","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19.430097Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19.430097Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"IokpMcGNCaA6lpw9QZgXua9ddHs2q4fXcC5YCjSVZNcWCX66GEtIAMuidXXpYyp0GxsofUWr7YOafcD7Et83Cw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:34:19.430502Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2206.11402","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f93baf02cebc22bec1b1fdd4cd07dad19e83a346d0fc83ac7b5515313ce7dbda","sha256:7b0249a42197f34f322dfe87c6e25447a5370348822c345f42ad2bb867e8d61a"],"state_sha256":"04efd1eeff17c2854a1a147899730ea05dcf0f1d9743800c7ddf0d0f5dca67db"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"14wyZvCs/HNSGWreoDyKSWUGn4gCPWtm8XjzMSEMZUK/p4huCgDA5iX67HQe6xpR9ntYkU8rHhjvd3oz1xqDAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-21T20:04:44.321404Z","bundle_sha256":"00b9b20c72ae65529ae2e435690cae69c47fdcd87564f092651f7eaf590654db"}}