{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:TSVHM2QSPN2BKRKJMOBPL5TDS4","short_pith_number":"pith:TSVHM2QS","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2505.07989","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2025-05-12T18:35:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":["econ.EM","stat.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"088aa8cc6856a3f0487f4c9f33f1fbb03870310bc62cc55bba3d31e54d1daf78","abstract_canon_sha256":"bf6ba78e6c144a5ad526c52df9bff6833d9ce979982e0ccf7ab3bb2264b7a305"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9caa766a127b741545496382f5f66397054b644c74fddf46574a0a7d1fe04810","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2505.07989","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2505.07989","created_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2505.07989v3","created_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2505.07989","created_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TSVHM2QSPN2B","created_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TSVHM2QSPN2BKRKJ","created_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TSVHM2QS","created_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:TSVHM2QSPN2BKRKJMOBPL5TDS4","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2505.07989","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2025-05-12T18:35:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":["econ.EM","stat.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"088aa8cc6856a3f0487f4c9f33f1fbb03870310bc62cc55bba3d31e54d1daf78","abstract_canon_sha256":"bf6ba78e6c144a5ad526c52df9bff6833d9ce979982e0ccf7ab3bb2264b7a305"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9caa766a127b741545496382f5f66397054b644c74fddf46574a0a7d1fe04810","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53.167700Z","signature_b64":"4Fo9TkpCKus+BeJeilVplDuyRyNT7JcA+TbCRGGuz29v1+8O8qbnhAou49XHEK8lpK5g17CO9IehW9NoFMffBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"9caa766a127b741545496382f5f66397054b644c74fddf46574a0a7d1fe04810","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53.167208Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53.167208Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2505.07989","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ldFfVFGoTY7YwkxFeOyIEYrMV/Lw9lAlcSvb5AxrPE5LpKh8hYMjvKajfivyTHfJJl5F9Ypm90CKqjUsSvEgAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-08T01:05:38.731531Z"},"content_sha256":"bfce952fde7e7e67b84391f7a5a457af4736bd5dc3993b14d67e5dd3f16690f0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bfce952fde7e7e67b84391f7a5a457af4736bd5dc3993b14d67e5dd3f16690f0"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:TSVHM2QSPN2BKRKJMOBPL5TDS4","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"rd2d: Causal Inference in Boundary Discontinuity Designs","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["econ.EM","stat.CO"],"primary_cat":"stat.ME","authors_text":"Matias D. Cattaneo, Rocio Titiunik, Ruiqi Rae Yu","submitted_at":"2025-05-12T18:35:30Z","abstract_excerpt":"Boundary Discontinuity (BD) designs are used in empirical research to learn about causal treatment effects along a continuous assignment boundary defined by a bivariate score. These designs are also known as multi-score regression discontinuity (RD) designs, and include geographic RD designs as a prominent example. This article introduces \\pkg{rd2d}, a statistical software package for \\proglang{R}, \\proglang{Python}, and \\proglang{Stata} that implements local polynomial estimation and inference for BD designs using either the bivariate score or a univariate signed distance-to-boundary score. T"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2505.07989","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2505.07989/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qvW1l67uVGc3Yb0i0To8Fy28K4IvK2Md/W6H6YGXPEJS1Q0eUbF9JociUKJyBb9N46ezDI0lp546jCHOeSRyAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-08T01:05:38.732344Z"},"content_sha256":"0b454680794bb857c672ee1e8d7719ec3eedad09b6f8eee24faa922c7546e420","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0b454680794bb857c672ee1e8d7719ec3eedad09b6f8eee24faa922c7546e420"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TSVHM2QSPN2BKRKJMOBPL5TDS4/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TSVHM2QSPN2BKRKJMOBPL5TDS4/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TSVHM2QSPN2BKRKJMOBPL5TDS4/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-08T01:05:38Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/TSVHM2QSPN2BKRKJMOBPL5TDS4","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/TSVHM2QSPN2BKRKJMOBPL5TDS4/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/TSVHM2QSPN2BKRKJMOBPL5TDS4/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TSVHM2QSPN2BKRKJMOBPL5TDS4/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:TSVHM2QSPN2BKRKJMOBPL5TDS4","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bf6ba78e6c144a5ad526c52df9bff6833d9ce979982e0ccf7ab3bb2264b7a305","cross_cats_sorted":["econ.EM","stat.CO"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2025-05-12T18:35:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"088aa8cc6856a3f0487f4c9f33f1fbb03870310bc62cc55bba3d31e54d1daf78"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2505.07989","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2505.07989","created_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2505.07989v3","created_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2505.07989","created_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TSVHM2QSPN2B","created_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TSVHM2QSPN2BKRKJ","created_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TSVHM2QS","created_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0b454680794bb857c672ee1e8d7719ec3eedad09b6f8eee24faa922c7546e420","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2505.07989/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Boundary Discontinuity (BD) designs are used in empirical research to learn about causal treatment effects along a continuous assignment boundary defined by a bivariate score. These designs are also known as multi-score regression discontinuity (RD) designs, and include geographic RD designs as a prominent example. This article introduces \\pkg{rd2d}, a statistical software package for \\proglang{R}, \\proglang{Python}, and \\proglang{Stata} that implements local polynomial estimation and inference for BD designs using either the bivariate score or a univariate signed distance-to-boundary score. T","authors_text":"Matias D. Cattaneo, Rocio Titiunik, Ruiqi Rae Yu","cross_cats":["econ.EM","stat.CO"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2025-05-12T18:35:30Z","title":"rd2d: Causal Inference in Boundary Discontinuity Designs"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2505.07989","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:bfce952fde7e7e67b84391f7a5a457af4736bd5dc3993b14d67e5dd3f16690f0","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bf6ba78e6c144a5ad526c52df9bff6833d9ce979982e0ccf7ab3bb2264b7a305","cross_cats_sorted":["econ.EM","stat.CO"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2025-05-12T18:35:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"088aa8cc6856a3f0487f4c9f33f1fbb03870310bc62cc55bba3d31e54d1daf78"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2505.07989","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"9caa766a127b741545496382f5f66397054b644c74fddf46574a0a7d1fe04810","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"9caa766a127b741545496382f5f66397054b644c74fddf46574a0a7d1fe04810","first_computed_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53.167208Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53.167208Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"4Fo9TkpCKus+BeJeilVplDuyRyNT7JcA+TbCRGGuz29v1+8O8qbnhAou49XHEK8lpK5g17CO9IehW9NoFMffBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-29T01:04:53.167700Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2505.07989","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:bfce952fde7e7e67b84391f7a5a457af4736bd5dc3993b14d67e5dd3f16690f0","sha256:0b454680794bb857c672ee1e8d7719ec3eedad09b6f8eee24faa922c7546e420"],"state_sha256":"4d358c9301bdb66f29c5917b222d8ac7fe1fac56720f3fa9c77de1c74bd34ab7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"lBzEJTyVMpHEDO8Yeme8qJFLEzclhY39lmHBX6DK1rO4JcUnNo6RdXj+TES+kCiohSqfIMJYMcTpKYh9TVowDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-08T01:05:38.737571Z","bundle_sha256":"9e6bf7b77a87a75cca027bbe02519e6c982755167e87098a0d68520e80899125"}}