{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:TSYLGGUKXCAH6JGXBKCVPD4IRR","short_pith_number":"pith:TSYLGGUK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1906.02594","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2019-06-06T13:58:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"37b005dcf5c5c96c750b4b35faa184fb55d687b9d68544ea869c857bcbbced59","abstract_canon_sha256":"3455bfec0489a0b869b79707ceafc50e88c95369f6bdddfcbd0781b6839fb6c4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9cb0b31a8ab8807f24d70a85578f888c4371dc9721bed15dcab7500853598a28","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1906.02594","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1906.02594","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1906.02594v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1906.02594","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TSYLGGUKXCAH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TSYLGGUKXCAH6JGX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TSYLGGUK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:30Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:TSYLGGUKXCAH6JGXBKCVPD4IRR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1906.02594","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2019-06-06T13:58:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"37b005dcf5c5c96c750b4b35faa184fb55d687b9d68544ea869c857bcbbced59","abstract_canon_sha256":"3455bfec0489a0b869b79707ceafc50e88c95369f6bdddfcbd0781b6839fb6c4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9cb0b31a8ab8807f24d70a85578f888c4371dc9721bed15dcab7500853598a28","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:00.660295Z","signature_b64":"tFRBQ235z6azTpVllxKYVhbGhuvPpwGdqHMfiQTw60B/CzEKS/3dYN32fXIXAtFG8+6yaYM4NtS64evtcfoTBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"9cb0b31a8ab8807f24d70a85578f888c4371dc9721bed15dcab7500853598a28","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:00.659685Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:00.659685Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1906.02594","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"r4iOxkhD+eC7r9wfEZviVCkQVHrTn7GXvJq7LcWjV5KMVOwSD7lFVODzOpfYktGG/YZgr0/hQ9aATJwJE2ZjAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T13:34:38.969900Z"},"content_sha256":"47acd07e8b7a464c8643d1ff0b242724d375523468ebba73663050618632b9f1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:47acd07e8b7a464c8643d1ff0b242724d375523468ebba73663050618632b9f1"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:TSYLGGUKXCAH6JGXBKCVPD4IRR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Quaternion Collaborative Filtering for Recommendation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.IR","authors_text":"Aston Zhang, Lina Yao, Lucas Vinh Tran, Shuai Zhang, Yi Tay","submitted_at":"2019-06-06T13:58:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"This paper proposes Quaternion Collaborative Filtering (QCF), a novel representation learning method for recommendation. Our proposed QCF relies on and exploits computation with Quaternion algebra, benefiting from the expressiveness and rich representation learning capability of Hamilton products. Quaternion representations, based on hypercomplex numbers, enable rich inter-latent dependencies between imaginary components. This encourages intricate relations to be captured when learning user-item interactions, serving as a strong inductive bias as compared with the real-space inner product. All"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1906.02594","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"GCOeiUlnHu4Ba7gl3JUu9VEgrlfNNC0dZkMbMPKr2ZczTKPPRmYKv13OgOP1tp1j9ylX9le8JRWga8uNc1QsDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T13:34:38.970486Z"},"content_sha256":"6ac138f54a8a2b4d1fbdbbe6520bc63a013ca38bc95bcfeb99af1369e00db3ce","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6ac138f54a8a2b4d1fbdbbe6520bc63a013ca38bc95bcfeb99af1369e00db3ce"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TSYLGGUKXCAH6JGXBKCVPD4IRR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TSYLGGUKXCAH6JGXBKCVPD4IRR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TSYLGGUKXCAH6JGXBKCVPD4IRR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-05T13:34:38Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/TSYLGGUKXCAH6JGXBKCVPD4IRR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/TSYLGGUKXCAH6JGXBKCVPD4IRR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/TSYLGGUKXCAH6JGXBKCVPD4IRR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TSYLGGUKXCAH6JGXBKCVPD4IRR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:TSYLGGUKXCAH6JGXBKCVPD4IRR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3455bfec0489a0b869b79707ceafc50e88c95369f6bdddfcbd0781b6839fb6c4","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2019-06-06T13:58:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"37b005dcf5c5c96c750b4b35faa184fb55d687b9d68544ea869c857bcbbced59"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1906.02594","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1906.02594","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1906.02594v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1906.02594","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TSYLGGUKXCAH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TSYLGGUKXCAH6JGX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TSYLGGUK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:30Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6ac138f54a8a2b4d1fbdbbe6520bc63a013ca38bc95bcfeb99af1369e00db3ce","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This paper proposes Quaternion Collaborative Filtering (QCF), a novel representation learning method for recommendation. Our proposed QCF relies on and exploits computation with Quaternion algebra, benefiting from the expressiveness and rich representation learning capability of Hamilton products. Quaternion representations, based on hypercomplex numbers, enable rich inter-latent dependencies between imaginary components. This encourages intricate relations to be captured when learning user-item interactions, serving as a strong inductive bias as compared with the real-space inner product. All","authors_text":"Aston Zhang, Lina Yao, Lucas Vinh Tran, Shuai Zhang, Yi Tay","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2019-06-06T13:58:38Z","title":"Quaternion Collaborative Filtering for Recommendation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1906.02594","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:47acd07e8b7a464c8643d1ff0b242724d375523468ebba73663050618632b9f1","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3455bfec0489a0b869b79707ceafc50e88c95369f6bdddfcbd0781b6839fb6c4","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2019-06-06T13:58:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"37b005dcf5c5c96c750b4b35faa184fb55d687b9d68544ea869c857bcbbced59"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1906.02594","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"9cb0b31a8ab8807f24d70a85578f888c4371dc9721bed15dcab7500853598a28","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"9cb0b31a8ab8807f24d70a85578f888c4371dc9721bed15dcab7500853598a28","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:00.659685Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:00.659685Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"tFRBQ235z6azTpVllxKYVhbGhuvPpwGdqHMfiQTw60B/CzEKS/3dYN32fXIXAtFG8+6yaYM4NtS64evtcfoTBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:00.660295Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1906.02594","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:47acd07e8b7a464c8643d1ff0b242724d375523468ebba73663050618632b9f1","sha256:6ac138f54a8a2b4d1fbdbbe6520bc63a013ca38bc95bcfeb99af1369e00db3ce"],"state_sha256":"cc168aaf97c01a3e9af7f5b46529507350b77010874e3eab3923f8e5494d8e8f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uD5OSMUvGrvyjApn1qRHdea51OD1kPCjltbg5HVEYZLiXCIegpnMKkzpj6Om0MTuQVAm0iU+emgjVjC6HaZiAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T13:34:38.974493Z","bundle_sha256":"9668fbe45656219621def3cceb1ffd0d527ecb2616e6eef47f1419b087c7187b"}}