{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:TTF5OZNJU2UWIZU4X3SOOYTKZI","short_pith_number":"pith:TTF5OZNJ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1710.00395","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2017-10-01T19:30:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"57ca07f33de44096d94c5678632f03dd9939e53803837f35e4772fe97af63dc8","abstract_canon_sha256":"8d90500dd8216e75cfe9329ca4c9965d522910010b74cf7cfb361fc39b9b3a50"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9ccbd765a9a6a964669cbee4e7626aca1f6890395667567ccd9774dcd28f30be","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1710.00395","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1710.00395","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1710.00395v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1710.00395","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TTF5OZNJU2UW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TTF5OZNJU2UWIZU4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TTF5OZNJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:46Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:TTF5OZNJU2UWIZU4X3SOOYTKZI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1710.00395","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2017-10-01T19:30:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"57ca07f33de44096d94c5678632f03dd9939e53803837f35e4772fe97af63dc8","abstract_canon_sha256":"8d90500dd8216e75cfe9329ca4c9965d522910010b74cf7cfb361fc39b9b3a50"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9ccbd765a9a6a964669cbee4e7626aca1f6890395667567ccd9774dcd28f30be","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:56.485258Z","signature_b64":"fTqZZ9Zmo2Z6t01wR21pwSeJbWVe27NwrLepYb9w3gsWur/JeDqkpP9LBCWwM+sBidrb/dbdRqMM2HiipgEuCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"9ccbd765a9a6a964669cbee4e7626aca1f6890395667567ccd9774dcd28f30be","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:56.484643Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:56.484643Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1710.00395","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HrCrxE5LSGm0pdx3lO3l1gtewcOnbnyYlerstGKZ8E2RCzX+JirUEhwQp14fuERk8TEqBJ9Y5IUS2TWQJf09Ag==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T09:06:11.469336Z"},"content_sha256":"91006286eeb4d35a4d8a1e3b6da74c696c2d86b4c1b506269c765dc42bf8f910","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:91006286eeb4d35a4d8a1e3b6da74c696c2d86b4c1b506269c765dc42bf8f910"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:TTF5OZNJU2UWIZU4X3SOOYTKZI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Channel Hardening and Favorable Propagation in Cell-Free Massive MIMO with Stochastic Geometry","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"primary_cat":"cs.IT","authors_text":"Emil Bj\\\"ornson, Zheng Chen","submitted_at":"2017-10-01T19:30:58Z","abstract_excerpt":"Cell-Free (CF) Massive MIMO is an alternative topology for future wireless networks, where a large number of single-antenna access points (APs) are distributed over the coverage area. There are no cells but all users are jointly served by the APs using network MIMO methods. Prior works have claimed that CF Massive MIMO inherits the basic properties of cellular Massive MIMO, namely channel hardening and favorable propagation. In this paper, we evaluate if one can rely on these properties when having a realistic stochastic AP deployment. Our results show that channel hardening only appears in sp"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1710.00395","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"y+pRaK+NYc1fGFLlkCAYUYiaXVys1i5EbF4/XdE4ck0IMgNUcSq80zdLWHKtFia1lTQBeFI6BhkcedX00XcXDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T09:06:11.469688Z"},"content_sha256":"a2b5590b4daf661f8dd69b166d378f38f766359e2b6349d3d9ce59ca4fbc22d5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a2b5590b4daf661f8dd69b166d378f38f766359e2b6349d3d9ce59ca4fbc22d5"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TTF5OZNJU2UWIZU4X3SOOYTKZI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TTF5OZNJU2UWIZU4X3SOOYTKZI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TTF5OZNJU2UWIZU4X3SOOYTKZI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T09:06:11Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/TTF5OZNJU2UWIZU4X3SOOYTKZI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/TTF5OZNJU2UWIZU4X3SOOYTKZI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/TTF5OZNJU2UWIZU4X3SOOYTKZI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TTF5OZNJU2UWIZU4X3SOOYTKZI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:TTF5OZNJU2UWIZU4X3SOOYTKZI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8d90500dd8216e75cfe9329ca4c9965d522910010b74cf7cfb361fc39b9b3a50","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2017-10-01T19:30:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"57ca07f33de44096d94c5678632f03dd9939e53803837f35e4772fe97af63dc8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1710.00395","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1710.00395","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1710.00395v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1710.00395","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TTF5OZNJU2UW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TTF5OZNJU2UWIZU4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TTF5OZNJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:46Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a2b5590b4daf661f8dd69b166d378f38f766359e2b6349d3d9ce59ca4fbc22d5","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Cell-Free (CF) Massive MIMO is an alternative topology for future wireless networks, where a large number of single-antenna access points (APs) are distributed over the coverage area. There are no cells but all users are jointly served by the APs using network MIMO methods. Prior works have claimed that CF Massive MIMO inherits the basic properties of cellular Massive MIMO, namely channel hardening and favorable propagation. In this paper, we evaluate if one can rely on these properties when having a realistic stochastic AP deployment. Our results show that channel hardening only appears in sp","authors_text":"Emil Bj\\\"ornson, Zheng Chen","cross_cats":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2017-10-01T19:30:58Z","title":"Channel Hardening and Favorable Propagation in Cell-Free Massive MIMO with Stochastic Geometry"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1710.00395","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:91006286eeb4d35a4d8a1e3b6da74c696c2d86b4c1b506269c765dc42bf8f910","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8d90500dd8216e75cfe9329ca4c9965d522910010b74cf7cfb361fc39b9b3a50","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2017-10-01T19:30:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"57ca07f33de44096d94c5678632f03dd9939e53803837f35e4772fe97af63dc8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1710.00395","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"9ccbd765a9a6a964669cbee4e7626aca1f6890395667567ccd9774dcd28f30be","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"9ccbd765a9a6a964669cbee4e7626aca1f6890395667567ccd9774dcd28f30be","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:56.484643Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:56.484643Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"fTqZZ9Zmo2Z6t01wR21pwSeJbWVe27NwrLepYb9w3gsWur/JeDqkpP9LBCWwM+sBidrb/dbdRqMM2HiipgEuCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:12:56.485258Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1710.00395","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:91006286eeb4d35a4d8a1e3b6da74c696c2d86b4c1b506269c765dc42bf8f910","sha256:a2b5590b4daf661f8dd69b166d378f38f766359e2b6349d3d9ce59ca4fbc22d5"],"state_sha256":"1bb0fe00900a7803ab87e5135dc4e3b3dd13bd17018c123bc60a4c3f537d7fc0"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UEctLVBHWbVn4svJimOq7VplUyPJy+ZDChaZ0Phn5374JaprwTtw/gy9/BsO5lHjPPHRft99xbbkjlWQ6AFXDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T09:06:11.471678Z","bundle_sha256":"17e95402954842be7b50001f02a584a0b82d4e0a9268f615bf7024880496d822"}}