{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:TVROLAFRMCTUFCAUEZAVT5MTZA","short_pith_number":"pith:TVROLAFR","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2507.14756","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2025-07-19T21:07:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"title_canon_sha256":"03cc18500e6b1a43fe0280288a71bce1bff29c517e8867e9b54ea2a2ceb112e1","abstract_canon_sha256":"5a2d9e510e886fafdadd39406554cdc87c5aebc85d11bd237eb068cab1f3df1a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9d62e580b160a7428814264159f593c82d62552c1ad8c045fdda7926942a30e3","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2507.14756","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2507.14756","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2507.14756v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2507.14756","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TVROLAFRMCTU","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TVROLAFRMCTUFCAU","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TVROLAFR","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:TVROLAFRMCTUFCAUEZAVT5MTZA","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2507.14756","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2025-07-19T21:07:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"title_canon_sha256":"03cc18500e6b1a43fe0280288a71bce1bff29c517e8867e9b54ea2a2ceb112e1","abstract_canon_sha256":"5a2d9e510e886fafdadd39406554cdc87c5aebc85d11bd237eb068cab1f3df1a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9d62e580b160a7428814264159f593c82d62552c1ad8c045fdda7926942a30e3","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12.983871Z","signature_b64":"65kK1iwxmQvNRD9k+FmdjCM/a/YP00pN/76ipO9Wi2hsKrQKN80xxpKTkjNcgSiKOO9+OOiuDSfydXquVEZ5Dw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"9d62e580b160a7428814264159f593c82d62552c1ad8c045fdda7926942a30e3","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12.983385Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12.983385Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2507.14756","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"H/oLZVF14zgVEI2zpB9NOAQkm+ySkpJK9gGpALNIhgyt9gjHcJ1/oXWbTAoYoU9o2jxYGzv0vqaAzLX+ejs4Dg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-10T09:09:35.559170Z"},"content_sha256":"f0dfb0156b2fc4aeb6c1ac588a5c13672488fcf10f701045116213d4f0549efe","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f0dfb0156b2fc4aeb6c1ac588a5c13672488fcf10f701045116213d4f0549efe"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:TVROLAFRMCTUFCAUEZAVT5MTZA","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Preventing an Extractive Green Hydrogen Industry: Risks and Benefits of Grid Expansion and Green Hydrogen in and for Kenya","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","authors_text":"Boniface Kinyanjui, Daniel M. Kammen, Xi Xi","submitted_at":"2025-07-19T21:07:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"This study evaluates the role of grid-connected hydrogen electrolyzers in advancing a cost-effective and in particular an equitable green hydrogen industry in Kenya to serve both domestic and international needs and markets. Using a multi-nodal capacity expansion model with county-level spatial resolution, we assess how electrolyzer deployment affects electricity cost, grid flexibility, and carbon intensity under various renewable and demand scenarios. Results show that electrolyzers enable up to 30 percent reduction in levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) and US\\$460 million in cumulative sys"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2507.14756","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2507.14756/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"dmjsQbgtJnGaVOyTw/7EMZSw8wdnPfWz6oBrLyqDNeeVyOjFZvynhPLJ0LAGYo5MDEVzNMSCNxOcAld4VCPsBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-10T09:09:35.559567Z"},"content_sha256":"1a2af3ee0e65574af127305e3802415e9aa58700bc99a3071c3bd7ee28d16555","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1a2af3ee0e65574af127305e3802415e9aa58700bc99a3071c3bd7ee28d16555"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TVROLAFRMCTUFCAUEZAVT5MTZA/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TVROLAFRMCTUFCAUEZAVT5MTZA/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TVROLAFRMCTUFCAUEZAVT5MTZA/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-10T09:09:35Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/TVROLAFRMCTUFCAUEZAVT5MTZA","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/TVROLAFRMCTUFCAUEZAVT5MTZA/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/TVROLAFRMCTUFCAUEZAVT5MTZA/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TVROLAFRMCTUFCAUEZAVT5MTZA/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:TVROLAFRMCTUFCAUEZAVT5MTZA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5a2d9e510e886fafdadd39406554cdc87c5aebc85d11bd237eb068cab1f3df1a","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2025-07-19T21:07:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"03cc18500e6b1a43fe0280288a71bce1bff29c517e8867e9b54ea2a2ceb112e1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2507.14756","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2507.14756","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2507.14756v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2507.14756","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TVROLAFRMCTU","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TVROLAFRMCTUFCAU","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TVROLAFR","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1a2af3ee0e65574af127305e3802415e9aa58700bc99a3071c3bd7ee28d16555","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2507.14756/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This study evaluates the role of grid-connected hydrogen electrolyzers in advancing a cost-effective and in particular an equitable green hydrogen industry in Kenya to serve both domestic and international needs and markets. Using a multi-nodal capacity expansion model with county-level spatial resolution, we assess how electrolyzer deployment affects electricity cost, grid flexibility, and carbon intensity under various renewable and demand scenarios. Results show that electrolyzers enable up to 30 percent reduction in levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) and US\\$460 million in cumulative sys","authors_text":"Boniface Kinyanjui, Daniel M. Kammen, Xi Xi","cross_cats":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2025-07-19T21:07:04Z","title":"Preventing an Extractive Green Hydrogen Industry: Risks and Benefits of Grid Expansion and Green Hydrogen in and for Kenya"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2507.14756","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f0dfb0156b2fc4aeb6c1ac588a5c13672488fcf10f701045116213d4f0549efe","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5a2d9e510e886fafdadd39406554cdc87c5aebc85d11bd237eb068cab1f3df1a","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2025-07-19T21:07:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"03cc18500e6b1a43fe0280288a71bce1bff29c517e8867e9b54ea2a2ceb112e1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2507.14756","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"9d62e580b160a7428814264159f593c82d62552c1ad8c045fdda7926942a30e3","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"9d62e580b160a7428814264159f593c82d62552c1ad8c045fdda7926942a30e3","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12.983385Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12.983385Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"65kK1iwxmQvNRD9k+FmdjCM/a/YP00pN/76ipO9Wi2hsKrQKN80xxpKTkjNcgSiKOO9+OOiuDSfydXquVEZ5Dw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:12.983871Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2507.14756","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f0dfb0156b2fc4aeb6c1ac588a5c13672488fcf10f701045116213d4f0549efe","sha256:1a2af3ee0e65574af127305e3802415e9aa58700bc99a3071c3bd7ee28d16555"],"state_sha256":"5551bf78547429ebe69f7b34dce6abdca8f9290b91ec30cbc674add366208855"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CZrvghnuMJJMLUo//Q2rbio6jOQyyhNuno9hBDFBi+vcSg3+h6eQDC/Uh+fPUWKktrv8cE5/nJhxiOitp95NDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-10T09:09:35.561560Z","bundle_sha256":"f7e63884528a1bea4a6dc67ba2de87c92367140cb5ace69ad6d3c57643c2449a"}}