{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:TVYNI32WH7QFVKCHEHJ3B3BEVI","short_pith_number":"pith:TVYNI32W","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1802.08177","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2018-02-22T17:06:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"e4e8f57b1d372c5efb4f75066fd89e3bb42051fc19f77698b0b23571c48e5279","abstract_canon_sha256":"c6258850e6fd7a8b6efcad70256c248c6a62be973df941eb2ef186a4b17dfb49"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9d70d46f563fe05aa84721d3b0ec24aa23f35ba19a77961d535b0f85dc204204","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1802.08177","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1802.08177","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1802.08177v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1802.08177","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TVYNI32WH7QF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TVYNI32WH7QFVKCH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TVYNI32W","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:56Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:TVYNI32WH7QFVKCHEHJ3B3BEVI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1802.08177","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2018-02-22T17:06:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"e4e8f57b1d372c5efb4f75066fd89e3bb42051fc19f77698b0b23571c48e5279","abstract_canon_sha256":"c6258850e6fd7a8b6efcad70256c248c6a62be973df941eb2ef186a4b17dfb49"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"9d70d46f563fe05aa84721d3b0ec24aa23f35ba19a77961d535b0f85dc204204","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:04.897150Z","signature_b64":"BZbXjNTRdO//9S72DLhVzr8C4xl0h8Vppc0N1E38PFKe7t9adg2z+APlhuCMJXCpaySFhuAm+5ub4gh8gUqNDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"9d70d46f563fe05aa84721d3b0ec24aa23f35ba19a77961d535b0f85dc204204","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:04.896440Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:04.896440Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1802.08177","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"x97QDN73b4XVwsFFXXqwRemYYgyXLRhsjQBRe8T4nWgFuYUnb68Crlg7Li3URX2DCW6MtI/1wNQ0fEht7fdtAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T04:39:30.253732Z"},"content_sha256":"37fb9173bb1446cdcafa427769d58f77f5768ba0294061e6d94aaa8614c4a1d3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:37fb9173bb1446cdcafa427769d58f77f5768ba0294061e6d94aaa8614c4a1d3"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:TVYNI32WH7QFVKCHEHJ3B3BEVI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"New constraints on Lyman-{\\alpha} opacity with a sample of 62 quasars at z > 5.7","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"George D. Becker, Linhua Jiang, Martin G. Haehnelt, Sarah E. I. Bosman, Sophie L. Reed, Xiaohui Fan, Yoshiki Matsuoka","submitted_at":"2018-02-22T17:06:34Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present measurements of the mean and scatter of the IGM Lyman-{\\alpha} opacity at 4.9 < z < 6.1 along the lines of sight of 62 quasars at z > 5.7, the largest sample assembled at these redshifts to date by a factor of two. The sample size enables us to sample cosmic variance at these redshifts more robustly than ever before. The spectra used here were obtained by the SDSS, DES-VHS and SHELLQs collaborations, drawn from the ESI and X-Shooter archives, reused from previous studies or observed specifically for this work. We measure the effective optical depth of Lyman-{\\alpha} in bins of 10, 3"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1802.08177","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kopvswhSlPEsMI1l+V1UMGfHKUN67TjJ5QZ64or1QJETUh0l0GrjdWLSGCHMCAoeGg4LAscrXncEoFVWQnZRDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T04:39:30.254087Z"},"content_sha256":"05850af2641028f6dd694493e959ae8c6e0cf1a65ef216d3937006baf5ede234","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:05850af2641028f6dd694493e959ae8c6e0cf1a65ef216d3937006baf5ede234"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TVYNI32WH7QFVKCHEHJ3B3BEVI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TVYNI32WH7QFVKCHEHJ3B3BEVI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TVYNI32WH7QFVKCHEHJ3B3BEVI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T04:39:30Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/TVYNI32WH7QFVKCHEHJ3B3BEVI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/TVYNI32WH7QFVKCHEHJ3B3BEVI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/TVYNI32WH7QFVKCHEHJ3B3BEVI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TVYNI32WH7QFVKCHEHJ3B3BEVI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:TVYNI32WH7QFVKCHEHJ3B3BEVI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c6258850e6fd7a8b6efcad70256c248c6a62be973df941eb2ef186a4b17dfb49","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2018-02-22T17:06:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"e4e8f57b1d372c5efb4f75066fd89e3bb42051fc19f77698b0b23571c48e5279"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1802.08177","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1802.08177","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1802.08177v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1802.08177","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TVYNI32WH7QF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TVYNI32WH7QFVKCH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TVYNI32W","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:56Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:05850af2641028f6dd694493e959ae8c6e0cf1a65ef216d3937006baf5ede234","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present measurements of the mean and scatter of the IGM Lyman-{\\alpha} opacity at 4.9 < z < 6.1 along the lines of sight of 62 quasars at z > 5.7, the largest sample assembled at these redshifts to date by a factor of two. The sample size enables us to sample cosmic variance at these redshifts more robustly than ever before. The spectra used here were obtained by the SDSS, DES-VHS and SHELLQs collaborations, drawn from the ESI and X-Shooter archives, reused from previous studies or observed specifically for this work. We measure the effective optical depth of Lyman-{\\alpha} in bins of 10, 3","authors_text":"George D. Becker, Linhua Jiang, Martin G. Haehnelt, Sarah E. I. Bosman, Sophie L. Reed, Xiaohui Fan, Yoshiki Matsuoka","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2018-02-22T17:06:34Z","title":"New constraints on Lyman-{\\alpha} opacity with a sample of 62 quasars at z > 5.7"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1802.08177","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:37fb9173bb1446cdcafa427769d58f77f5768ba0294061e6d94aaa8614c4a1d3","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c6258850e6fd7a8b6efcad70256c248c6a62be973df941eb2ef186a4b17dfb49","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2018-02-22T17:06:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"e4e8f57b1d372c5efb4f75066fd89e3bb42051fc19f77698b0b23571c48e5279"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1802.08177","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"9d70d46f563fe05aa84721d3b0ec24aa23f35ba19a77961d535b0f85dc204204","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"9d70d46f563fe05aa84721d3b0ec24aa23f35ba19a77961d535b0f85dc204204","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:04.896440Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:04.896440Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"BZbXjNTRdO//9S72DLhVzr8C4xl0h8Vppc0N1E38PFKe7t9adg2z+APlhuCMJXCpaySFhuAm+5ub4gh8gUqNDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:04.897150Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1802.08177","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:37fb9173bb1446cdcafa427769d58f77f5768ba0294061e6d94aaa8614c4a1d3","sha256:05850af2641028f6dd694493e959ae8c6e0cf1a65ef216d3937006baf5ede234"],"state_sha256":"f3c7ec288cd220f5171963a63c7a8f6a535c148f539345e5c912e1b6ce4fc63a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rUajZNXzxsJWvdldSPqkYctBze8ebYXaxgtolmMYQ0ChzWKcW9CBQ7gYQvN4v/Zgt6JNWPp9RmURhLF3JH33CQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T04:39:30.256494Z","bundle_sha256":"9fb291cc7998c93cf826d85e7f4bcadcb5df18aa578d2919b5a0abe40fc7c410"}}