{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:U3V6TTRCSBFVHQKJ55QLFCPV6T","short_pith_number":"pith:U3V6TTRC","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1202.5089","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2012-02-23T05:13:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.stat-mech"],"title_canon_sha256":"be3b5e4cd40416d7c8005fc8fafd656c97d47424ba451bca27d71f3ebe23dd6e","abstract_canon_sha256":"16939ac6cb9deb6d9ef40ae7d44228c392089a558246746b6ddd67ac487319c2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a6ebe9ce22904b53c149ef60b289f5f4d254ea8fda2cb259aba3304473538ff7","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1202.5089","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1202.5089","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1202.5089v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1202.5089","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"U3V6TTRCSBFV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"U3V6TTRCSBFVHQKJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"U3V6TTRC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:U3V6TTRCSBFVHQKJ55QLFCPV6T","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1202.5089","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2012-02-23T05:13:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.stat-mech"],"title_canon_sha256":"be3b5e4cd40416d7c8005fc8fafd656c97d47424ba451bca27d71f3ebe23dd6e","abstract_canon_sha256":"16939ac6cb9deb6d9ef40ae7d44228c392089a558246746b6ddd67ac487319c2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a6ebe9ce22904b53c149ef60b289f5f4d254ea8fda2cb259aba3304473538ff7","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:20.513462Z","signature_b64":"Bzv2rZwHmbq7hITi9RBq0Xl59qTRNkoDc1rVkCa3jHnPTWz3g6VrGv8snlmo7basT8oobZuKANAglcSsod+yDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a6ebe9ce22904b53c149ef60b289f5f4d254ea8fda2cb259aba3304473538ff7","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:20.512943Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:20.512943Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1202.5089","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Et0cDK/jvyM2mw3Z7TjOYlFyThHGiN2wsO9yCVL/+Gb1EUowMyNAEUQb7kiLIv1yX9RPiArZETbrRVo9u563CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T17:56:14.994305Z"},"content_sha256":"5bcfe6e3f195676aadea8ca427639de33fa10caf4e0c8c90cf7357ffbe950f1b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5bcfe6e3f195676aadea8ca427639de33fa10caf4e0c8c90cf7357ffbe950f1b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:U3V6TTRCSBFVHQKJ55QLFCPV6T","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Selective solvation in aqueous mixtures: Interface deformations and instability","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.stat-mech"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","authors_text":"Akira Onuki, Takeaki Araki","submitted_at":"2012-02-23T05:13:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"We briefly review the effects of selective solvation of ions in aqueous mixtures, where the ion densities and the composition fluctuations are strongly coupled. We then examine the surface tension \\gamma of a liquid-liquid interface in the presence of ions. We show that \\gamma can be decreased drastically due to the electrostatic and solvation interactions near the interface. We calculate how the free energy is changed due to small surface undulations in the presence of an electric double layer. A surface instability occurs for negative \\gamma, which can easily be realized for antagonistic ion"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1202.5089","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"GQT+b7kIPwTrhEuLRqCT7/pDCj3wTNNL5uMi4+aC0UPHIvJIgKkVN6t9d76k3LSrwYOLOZtBCy+/G69+kflyDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T17:56:14.994722Z"},"content_sha256":"3ebfeef68c1763827d4bb65bb03c9492d4f905c0ce59aac6dab0beac946e72ef","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3ebfeef68c1763827d4bb65bb03c9492d4f905c0ce59aac6dab0beac946e72ef"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/U3V6TTRCSBFVHQKJ55QLFCPV6T/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/U3V6TTRCSBFVHQKJ55QLFCPV6T/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/U3V6TTRCSBFVHQKJ55QLFCPV6T/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T17:56:14Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/U3V6TTRCSBFVHQKJ55QLFCPV6T","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/U3V6TTRCSBFVHQKJ55QLFCPV6T/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/U3V6TTRCSBFVHQKJ55QLFCPV6T/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/U3V6TTRCSBFVHQKJ55QLFCPV6T/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:U3V6TTRCSBFVHQKJ55QLFCPV6T","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"16939ac6cb9deb6d9ef40ae7d44228c392089a558246746b6ddd67ac487319c2","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.stat-mech"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2012-02-23T05:13:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"be3b5e4cd40416d7c8005fc8fafd656c97d47424ba451bca27d71f3ebe23dd6e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1202.5089","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1202.5089","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1202.5089v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1202.5089","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"U3V6TTRCSBFV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"U3V6TTRCSBFVHQKJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"U3V6TTRC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3ebfeef68c1763827d4bb65bb03c9492d4f905c0ce59aac6dab0beac946e72ef","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We briefly review the effects of selective solvation of ions in aqueous mixtures, where the ion densities and the composition fluctuations are strongly coupled. We then examine the surface tension \\gamma of a liquid-liquid interface in the presence of ions. We show that \\gamma can be decreased drastically due to the electrostatic and solvation interactions near the interface. We calculate how the free energy is changed due to small surface undulations in the presence of an electric double layer. A surface instability occurs for negative \\gamma, which can easily be realized for antagonistic ion","authors_text":"Akira Onuki, Takeaki Araki","cross_cats":["cond-mat.stat-mech"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2012-02-23T05:13:56Z","title":"Selective solvation in aqueous mixtures: Interface deformations and instability"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1202.5089","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:5bcfe6e3f195676aadea8ca427639de33fa10caf4e0c8c90cf7357ffbe950f1b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"16939ac6cb9deb6d9ef40ae7d44228c392089a558246746b6ddd67ac487319c2","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.stat-mech"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2012-02-23T05:13:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"be3b5e4cd40416d7c8005fc8fafd656c97d47424ba451bca27d71f3ebe23dd6e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1202.5089","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"a6ebe9ce22904b53c149ef60b289f5f4d254ea8fda2cb259aba3304473538ff7","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a6ebe9ce22904b53c149ef60b289f5f4d254ea8fda2cb259aba3304473538ff7","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:20.512943Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:20.512943Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Bzv2rZwHmbq7hITi9RBq0Xl59qTRNkoDc1rVkCa3jHnPTWz3g6VrGv8snlmo7basT8oobZuKANAglcSsod+yDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:20.513462Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1202.5089","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:5bcfe6e3f195676aadea8ca427639de33fa10caf4e0c8c90cf7357ffbe950f1b","sha256:3ebfeef68c1763827d4bb65bb03c9492d4f905c0ce59aac6dab0beac946e72ef"],"state_sha256":"e329bcc99fdcb8a42caf517e8769e605d249a1bc06717cd78eeac79f3cc1152f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"WQHsnkzn4TU396onO6agm4Kij3sZAfOy2/vAbWSJC9TJZ1bQMcb7qC6IK7NUvMsnWIEkHKqJM4/4EkVUFckmCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T17:56:14.998488Z","bundle_sha256":"bfe9a5eac2d5af9c5bab2e8c37ca7922662f7f8f0a66e6c6aaa0d3366b9714af"}}