{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:U6EM56KDW7VGQ3BN2F7DJ3PBCU","short_pith_number":"pith:U6EM56KD","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2602.02416","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2026-02-02T18:15:59Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"52452f10a16b30e48007214090364b10d2270e13b45e39215283ce5b87c8db41","abstract_canon_sha256":"4a12eb144e0be01da0c963bb738bc4beafaa38a3ca282e1a161ef85dc6f25a5f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a788cef943b7ea686c2dd17e34ede1151b1e998d3324405948dfd89cb3441b14","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2602.02416","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2602.02416","created_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2602.02416v2","created_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2602.02416","created_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"U6EM56KDW7VG","created_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"U6EM56KDW7VGQ3BN","created_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"U6EM56KD","created_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:U6EM56KDW7VGQ3BN2F7DJ3PBCU","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2602.02416","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2026-02-02T18:15:59Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"52452f10a16b30e48007214090364b10d2270e13b45e39215283ce5b87c8db41","abstract_canon_sha256":"4a12eb144e0be01da0c963bb738bc4beafaa38a3ca282e1a161ef85dc6f25a5f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a788cef943b7ea686c2dd17e34ede1151b1e998d3324405948dfd89cb3441b14","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41.976594Z","signature_b64":"SNVFiqqrNGm818zx3Kz6nQGgRC57sMqkp+lZs6fjmAT8s5MDDj/bkDKv2RxEPaNCy2xV9jK2Mif7cmpM8PK8DA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a788cef943b7ea686c2dd17e34ede1151b1e998d3324405948dfd89cb3441b14","last_reissued_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41.976127Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41.976127Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2602.02416","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"BWfqsOVb2OAAFnOl0GYuQAKzI2seSoSdYbijx5dFT68B1ktdNqQK+p2HItDb3LsBB2G3Z02OLD8x1+hsClU9CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-11T21:08:23.238507Z"},"content_sha256":"2655229a6891cf14d1b2e78a4629c5397d4b1a575c48547776e81088e68184b1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2655229a6891cf14d1b2e78a4629c5397d4b1a575c48547776e81088e68184b1"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:U6EM56KDW7VGQ3BN2F7DJ3PBCU","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Structure Enables Effective Self-Localization of Errors in LLMs","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.AI","authors_text":"Akshayaa Magesh, Ankur Samanta, Ayush Jain, Boris Vidolov, Daniel Jiang, Jalaj Bhandari, Kaveh Hassani, Kavosh Asadi, Paul Sajda, Yonathan Efroni, Youliang Yu","submitted_at":"2026-02-02T18:15:59Z","abstract_excerpt":"Self-correction in language models remains elusive. In this work, we explore whether language models can explicitly localize errors in incorrect reasoning, as a path toward building AI systems that can effectively correct themselves. We introduce a prompting method that structures reasoning as discrete, semantically coherent thought steps, and show that models can localize errors more reliably within this structure than in conventional, unstructured chain-of-thought reasoning. Motivated by how the human brain monitors errors at discrete decision points and resamples alternatives, we introduce "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2602.02416","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2602.02416/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6eG/GZejgU/qSZDUDsz4f7liA5F6Eyn2Uw237P8NO5Y6pmmhLU95Be5GSKQI0LsossqytWPsv9CiygPCOzaCDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-11T21:08:23.239228Z"},"content_sha256":"6b34d38be7df587fc514f57268db33ef85669b324e716acb3ca3ad0f98b07b90","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6b34d38be7df587fc514f57268db33ef85669b324e716acb3ca3ad0f98b07b90"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/U6EM56KDW7VGQ3BN2F7DJ3PBCU/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/U6EM56KDW7VGQ3BN2F7DJ3PBCU/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/U6EM56KDW7VGQ3BN2F7DJ3PBCU/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-11T21:08:23Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/U6EM56KDW7VGQ3BN2F7DJ3PBCU","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/U6EM56KDW7VGQ3BN2F7DJ3PBCU/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/U6EM56KDW7VGQ3BN2F7DJ3PBCU/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/U6EM56KDW7VGQ3BN2F7DJ3PBCU/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:U6EM56KDW7VGQ3BN2F7DJ3PBCU","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4a12eb144e0be01da0c963bb738bc4beafaa38a3ca282e1a161ef85dc6f25a5f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2026-02-02T18:15:59Z","title_canon_sha256":"52452f10a16b30e48007214090364b10d2270e13b45e39215283ce5b87c8db41"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2602.02416","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2602.02416","created_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2602.02416v2","created_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2602.02416","created_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"U6EM56KDW7VG","created_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"U6EM56KDW7VGQ3BN","created_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"U6EM56KD","created_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6b34d38be7df587fc514f57268db33ef85669b324e716acb3ca3ad0f98b07b90","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2602.02416/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Self-correction in language models remains elusive. In this work, we explore whether language models can explicitly localize errors in incorrect reasoning, as a path toward building AI systems that can effectively correct themselves. We introduce a prompting method that structures reasoning as discrete, semantically coherent thought steps, and show that models can localize errors more reliably within this structure than in conventional, unstructured chain-of-thought reasoning. Motivated by how the human brain monitors errors at discrete decision points and resamples alternatives, we introduce ","authors_text":"Akshayaa Magesh, Ankur Samanta, Ayush Jain, Boris Vidolov, Daniel Jiang, Jalaj Bhandari, Kaveh Hassani, Kavosh Asadi, Paul Sajda, Yonathan Efroni, Youliang Yu","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2026-02-02T18:15:59Z","title":"Structure Enables Effective Self-Localization of Errors in LLMs"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2602.02416","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2655229a6891cf14d1b2e78a4629c5397d4b1a575c48547776e81088e68184b1","target":"record","created_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4a12eb144e0be01da0c963bb738bc4beafaa38a3ca282e1a161ef85dc6f25a5f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2026-02-02T18:15:59Z","title_canon_sha256":"52452f10a16b30e48007214090364b10d2270e13b45e39215283ce5b87c8db41"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2602.02416","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"a788cef943b7ea686c2dd17e34ede1151b1e998d3324405948dfd89cb3441b14","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a788cef943b7ea686c2dd17e34ede1151b1e998d3324405948dfd89cb3441b14","first_computed_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41.976127Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41.976127Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"SNVFiqqrNGm818zx3Kz6nQGgRC57sMqkp+lZs6fjmAT8s5MDDj/bkDKv2RxEPaNCy2xV9jK2Mif7cmpM8PK8DA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-06-02T01:03:41.976594Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2602.02416","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2655229a6891cf14d1b2e78a4629c5397d4b1a575c48547776e81088e68184b1","sha256:6b34d38be7df587fc514f57268db33ef85669b324e716acb3ca3ad0f98b07b90"],"state_sha256":"3f2eeeae3d450da02a16459fd922cbc54e84d4f0ee6161f4bb8c75f33731d82e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nuuzEM7b+7mOVLFZKyYPTwyfJN4hqXqoOAZep5ZEmTpJHvNBYzkKjUIpAnozgPuEfxv3H6M1u/FXmFBE1/tBCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-11T21:08:23.243804Z","bundle_sha256":"8abc91eb041fde18b64d8861eba565fc3e4330a1d6756ba3b87ad39bef782540"}}