{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2016:U6PLGLGP2B5I6SR2MFREKHWMVF","short_pith_number":"pith:U6PLGLGP","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"a79eb32ccfd07a8f4a3a6162451ecca976f9d3d47f666d5f8411296857d6b0ac","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1605.02347","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"The Power and Limits of Predictive Approaches to Observational-Data-Driven Optimization","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"math.OC","authors_text":"Dimitris Bertsimas, Nathan Kallus","submitted_at":"2016-05-08T18:52:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"While data-driven decision-making is transforming modern operations, most large-scale data is of an observational nature, such as transactional records. These data pose unique challenges in a variety of operational problems posed as stochastic optimization problems, including pricing and inventory management, where one must evaluate the effect of a decision, such as price or order quantity, on an uncertain cost/reward variable, such as demand, based on historical data where decision and outcome may be confounded. Often, the data lacks the features necessary to enable sound assessment of causal"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1605.02347","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2016-05-08T18:52:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"153d1ce3253259edff1bb5ff4ef71a06bddc134a257034d26f8fba13dd465d64","abstract_canon_sha256":"fb479b5f15746837d0acd11c13c4bbd2f327925f252b91c2bb0923e34f9abda5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:09.649974Z","signature_b64":"us61Lc5bd/avYAdxlI6nMPgnrsU8lFIjpAgmX8juyHzBBZD2TknLvgZNZMyBmwoAlER2t969YPjjklSZgcjVAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a79eb32ccfd07a8f4a3a6162451ecca976f9d3d47f666d5f8411296857d6b0ac","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:09.649495Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:09.649495Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Power and Limits of Predictive Approaches to Observational-Data-Driven Optimization","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"math.OC","authors_text":"Dimitris Bertsimas, Nathan Kallus","submitted_at":"2016-05-08T18:52:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"While data-driven decision-making is transforming modern operations, most large-scale data is of an observational nature, such as transactional records. These data pose unique challenges in a variety of operational problems posed as stochastic optimization problems, including pricing and inventory management, where one must evaluate the effect of a decision, such as price or order quantity, on an uncertain cost/reward variable, such as demand, based on historical data where decision and outcome may be confounded. Often, the data lacks the features necessary to enable sound assessment of causal"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1605.02347","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1605.02347","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:09.649570+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1605.02347v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:09.649570+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1605.02347","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:09.649570+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"U6PLGLGP2B5I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:46.583412+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"U6PLGLGP2B5I6SR2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:46.583412+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"U6PLGLGP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:46.583412+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/U6PLGLGP2B5I6SR2MFREKHWMVF","json":"https://pith.science/pith/U6PLGLGP2B5I6SR2MFREKHWMVF.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/U6PLGLGP2B5I6SR2MFREKHWMVF/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/U6PLGLGP2B5I6SR2MFREKHWMVF/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/U6PLGLGP"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/U6PLGLGP2B5I6SR2MFREKHWMVF","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/U6PLGLGP2B5I6SR2MFREKHWMVF.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/U6PLGLGP","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1605.02347&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/U6PLGLGP2B5I6SR2MFREKHWMVF/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/U6PLGLGP2B5I6SR2MFREKHWMVF/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/U6PLGLGP2B5I6SR2MFREKHWMVF/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/U6PLGLGP2B5I6SR2MFREKHWMVF/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/U6PLGLGP2B5I6SR2MFREKHWMVF/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/U6PLGLGP2B5I6SR2MFREKHWMVF/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/U6PLGLGP2B5I6SR2MFREKHWMVF/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:09.649570+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:09.649570+00:00"}