{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:UASNNLZKIDK2MSPJ54PG647F34","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c4acbd101fad05088f4c96c8b4f859a416396edff8611323e559a3c942daca9b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2019-10-31T22:20:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"14827b78dabe8a2ac329987f9b53cc0f864d6ce346b15494baf5ff2ded802cb0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1911.04016","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1911.04016","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:36:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1911.04016v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:36:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1911.04016","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:36:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UASNNLZKIDK2","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:36:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UASNNLZKIDK2MSPJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:36:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UASNNLZK","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:36:42Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f1c6259ff5a0114bcee6bee6223fac5b66c427ac5c98bf9c782eb2d51b2d14f8","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:36:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1911.04016/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Software plays a central role in modern societies, with its high economic value and potential for advancing societal change. In this paper, we characterise challenges and opportunities for a country progressing towards entering the global software industry, focusing on Papua New Guinea (PNG). By hosting a Software Engineering workshop, we conducted a qualitative study by recording talks (n=3), employing a questionnaire (n=52), and administering an in-depth focus group session with local actors (n=5). Based on a thematic analysis, we identified challenges as barriers and opportunities for the P","authors_text":"Christoph Treude, Hideaki Hata, Igor Steinmacher, Marco Aurelio Gerosa, Raula Gaikovina Kula, Sebastian Baltes, Winifred Kula Amini","cross_cats":["cs.CY"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2019-10-31T22:20:22Z","title":"Challenges for Inclusion in Software Engineering: The Case of the Emerging Papua New Guinean Society"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1911.04016","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:74a6bf5184c992fa9cdf2ff3943c4808983153196ff325d3ca13ed1df2a1bb2c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:36:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c4acbd101fad05088f4c96c8b4f859a416396edff8611323e559a3c942daca9b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2019-10-31T22:20:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"14827b78dabe8a2ac329987f9b53cc0f864d6ce346b15494baf5ff2ded802cb0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1911.04016","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"a024d6af2a40d5a649e9ef1e6f73e5df3f64689bcf03d7a9645ef9a8abc010ff","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a024d6af2a40d5a649e9ef1e6f73e5df3f64689bcf03d7a9645ef9a8abc010ff","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:36:42.062737Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:36:42.062737Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ygm4aqRICIaA4n7xUpSJKd9oHGZTr6yDMNEmKFUk2f8j7zjVa1IJEJqzVLmELBhai1/OFLag8qGeLrTWLdE5Bg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:36:42.063221Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1911.04016","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:74a6bf5184c992fa9cdf2ff3943c4808983153196ff325d3ca13ed1df2a1bb2c","sha256:f1c6259ff5a0114bcee6bee6223fac5b66c427ac5c98bf9c782eb2d51b2d14f8"],"state_sha256":"f5a540ee879e3ff811435cdb97428ca37e4beddec88b77883aa39696e0eebf5c"}