{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:UBE5W4CGOR6H7IXU4GPJIMYAYN","short_pith_number":"pith:UBE5W4CG","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1908.02326","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2019-08-06T19:00:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"dc766e57a8d1747d84db8c46a7ca36bebcaa774b0733b1f402e30bb3e092ce92","abstract_canon_sha256":"b21ca45f9c28235c86d183fca49f8a30d804fcc10e69e613e6038e5aad9a8fe5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a049db7046747c7fa2f4e19e943300c3629acafafb7d637ac79fdf56e8cc645a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1908.02326","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1908.02326","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1908.02326v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1908.02326","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UBE5W4CGOR6H","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UBE5W4CGOR6H7IXU","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UBE5W4CG","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:UBE5W4CGOR6H7IXU4GPJIMYAYN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1908.02326","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2019-08-06T19:00:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"dc766e57a8d1747d84db8c46a7ca36bebcaa774b0733b1f402e30bb3e092ce92","abstract_canon_sha256":"b21ca45f9c28235c86d183fca49f8a30d804fcc10e69e613e6038e5aad9a8fe5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a049db7046747c7fa2f4e19e943300c3629acafafb7d637ac79fdf56e8cc645a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17.435779Z","signature_b64":"iCU4G+SQUpd5Hc+28pFFVVlNoUBTayuAt7WYB85Dpo151l+bI95PkcwqnJ7iKRcPRyz8lRU82eKHl/B4gUFTCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a049db7046747c7fa2f4e19e943300c3629acafafb7d637ac79fdf56e8cc645a","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17.435329Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17.435329Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1908.02326","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"XjDOMfCA1M4fenHjeKQTaOrx4mzOyw3Ptm1Gvezd5Muok14lSNYl3rN50gObhUQfhgVh12rO5XdpChEFmiZ1Ag==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T08:40:24.983323Z"},"content_sha256":"7b564b68f837fa7761abe8bac2ff20692de55da71e16b5591a932dd16441b8b7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7b564b68f837fa7761abe8bac2ff20692de55da71e16b5591a932dd16441b8b7"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:UBE5W4CGOR6H7IXU4GPJIMYAYN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Pileups and Migration Rates for Planets in Low Mass Disks","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","authors_text":"Adam M. Dempsey, Wing-Kit Lee, Yoram Lithwick","submitted_at":"2019-08-06T19:00:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate how planets interact with viscous accretion disks, in the limit that the disk is sufficiently low mass that the planet migrates more slowly than the disk material. In that case, the disk's surface density profile is determined by the disk being in viscous steady state (VSS), while overflowing the planet's orbit. We compute the VSS profiles with 2D hydrodynamical simulations, and show that disk material piles up behind the planet, with the planet effectively acting as a leaky dam. Previous 2D hydrodynamical simulations missed the pileup effect because of incorrect boundary condit"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.02326","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1908.02326/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"e17BHMEok3p19JA+B7LGZpmpcIdOHHvRsFYeMRShqa0GjoLmet5MuwibADYzrw3OK9ZZlh+Hl2ZIA2v7eWG0BQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T08:40:24.984342Z"},"content_sha256":"558d28bdf7e969568624e16719041234c77893af30d9c213c3dff4cf550e79f7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:558d28bdf7e969568624e16719041234c77893af30d9c213c3dff4cf550e79f7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UBE5W4CGOR6H7IXU4GPJIMYAYN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UBE5W4CGOR6H7IXU4GPJIMYAYN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UBE5W4CGOR6H7IXU4GPJIMYAYN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-16T08:40:24Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/UBE5W4CGOR6H7IXU4GPJIMYAYN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/UBE5W4CGOR6H7IXU4GPJIMYAYN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/UBE5W4CGOR6H7IXU4GPJIMYAYN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UBE5W4CGOR6H7IXU4GPJIMYAYN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:UBE5W4CGOR6H7IXU4GPJIMYAYN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b21ca45f9c28235c86d183fca49f8a30d804fcc10e69e613e6038e5aad9a8fe5","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2019-08-06T19:00:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"dc766e57a8d1747d84db8c46a7ca36bebcaa774b0733b1f402e30bb3e092ce92"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1908.02326","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1908.02326","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1908.02326v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1908.02326","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UBE5W4CGOR6H","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UBE5W4CGOR6H7IXU","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UBE5W4CG","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:558d28bdf7e969568624e16719041234c77893af30d9c213c3dff4cf550e79f7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1908.02326/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We investigate how planets interact with viscous accretion disks, in the limit that the disk is sufficiently low mass that the planet migrates more slowly than the disk material. In that case, the disk's surface density profile is determined by the disk being in viscous steady state (VSS), while overflowing the planet's orbit. We compute the VSS profiles with 2D hydrodynamical simulations, and show that disk material piles up behind the planet, with the planet effectively acting as a leaky dam. Previous 2D hydrodynamical simulations missed the pileup effect because of incorrect boundary condit","authors_text":"Adam M. Dempsey, Wing-Kit Lee, Yoram Lithwick","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2019-08-06T19:00:00Z","title":"Pileups and Migration Rates for Planets in Low Mass Disks"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.02326","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7b564b68f837fa7761abe8bac2ff20692de55da71e16b5591a932dd16441b8b7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b21ca45f9c28235c86d183fca49f8a30d804fcc10e69e613e6038e5aad9a8fe5","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2019-08-06T19:00:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"dc766e57a8d1747d84db8c46a7ca36bebcaa774b0733b1f402e30bb3e092ce92"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1908.02326","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"a049db7046747c7fa2f4e19e943300c3629acafafb7d637ac79fdf56e8cc645a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a049db7046747c7fa2f4e19e943300c3629acafafb7d637ac79fdf56e8cc645a","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17.435329Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17.435329Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"iCU4G+SQUpd5Hc+28pFFVVlNoUBTayuAt7WYB85Dpo151l+bI95PkcwqnJ7iKRcPRyz8lRU82eKHl/B4gUFTCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:48:17.435779Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1908.02326","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7b564b68f837fa7761abe8bac2ff20692de55da71e16b5591a932dd16441b8b7","sha256:558d28bdf7e969568624e16719041234c77893af30d9c213c3dff4cf550e79f7"],"state_sha256":"16bbb4c57b51a3dcd126d086db5ef73a792a769c7c34eee1d4f99bdc8dfb2a89"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MJ39WT4Bpjq/I1E92rA11XVTnio76styx+13nPwt5i8jiLSaO55jSSoE3lhBpnM/4sMNWv+tWW198exvZWhOAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T08:40:24.990179Z","bundle_sha256":"a327bcb921dedcc636a7f1ba196db01ef6f8580b59904f76b350dcc7c37798f7"}}