{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:UC4ZWVHVBSQAWHI5BWH5SC65DQ","short_pith_number":"pith:UC4ZWVHV","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1205.6700","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2012-05-30T14:33:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"39969ccc3e5e6bd4541a756cd2320347e43b6b240952f6f09845d371b545a124","abstract_canon_sha256":"f1b58a9d743fb48352b7045f51e65b2b92605507630df8b4c6e325e56e857431"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a0b99b54f50ca00b1d1d0d8fd90bdd1c3b047695f8dd4bb00fbf3a99ff9bbe21","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1205.6700","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1205.6700","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:54:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1205.6700v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:54:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1205.6700","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:54:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UC4ZWVHVBSQA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UC4ZWVHVBSQAWHI5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UC4ZWVHV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:UC4ZWVHVBSQAWHI5BWH5SC65DQ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1205.6700","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2012-05-30T14:33:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"39969ccc3e5e6bd4541a756cd2320347e43b6b240952f6f09845d371b545a124","abstract_canon_sha256":"f1b58a9d743fb48352b7045f51e65b2b92605507630df8b4c6e325e56e857431"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a0b99b54f50ca00b1d1d0d8fd90bdd1c3b047695f8dd4bb00fbf3a99ff9bbe21","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:54:38.132927Z","signature_b64":"l+I+cbKGotxdNJuuQQGjg2Z1z05KLuGKQqKmafHAiWgqb1nRQAmj9Ra7zkc8xRqS5GPtEoUCXZQCpcTnWukqDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a0b99b54f50ca00b1d1d0d8fd90bdd1c3b047695f8dd4bb00fbf3a99ff9bbe21","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:54:38.132351Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:54:38.132351Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1205.6700","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:54:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+kSVrVrTlpjW7yJWRhQQWSA4s/8nmrf8k/Ph8tV9rD3y4pBtzVy6ddKSYstYARuQwz3TDQmfQbr/+0BNvbBUAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-23T23:54:58.578954Z"},"content_sha256":"a4b710061e3d335ff8c2b8967d0d22431f5d4a0cb4368b117dda2bc8299a37e1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a4b710061e3d335ff8c2b8967d0d22431f5d4a0cb4368b117dda2bc8299a37e1"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:UC4ZWVHVBSQAWHI5BWH5SC65DQ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Challenging the Long Tail Recommendation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.DB","authors_text":"Bin Cui, Chen Chen, Hongzhi Yin, Jing Li, Junjie Yao","submitted_at":"2012-05-30T14:33:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"The success of \"infinite-inventory\" retailers such as Amazon.com and Netflix has been largely attributed to a \"long tail\" phenomenon. Although the majority of their inventory is not in high demand, these niche products, unavailable at limited-inventory competitors, generate a significant fraction of total revenue in aggregate. In addition, tail product availability can boost head sales by offering consumers the convenience of \"one-stop shopping\" for both their mainstream and niche tastes. However, most of existing recommender systems, especially collaborative filter based methods, can not reco"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1205.6700","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:54:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nXE7V+pQKmMPW0hfekES9SWZoopzGWgJ1e6Q8I+gkHUU3gDN7DdH/mSKbPjxBU1+XCyZQtXT/RMh0rQdUav6Bw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-23T23:54:58.579708Z"},"content_sha256":"f9bf1e802d874c3e3e2e3bdf00c8453fdb0973eeda43b5a4481452f6607b6a56","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f9bf1e802d874c3e3e2e3bdf00c8453fdb0973eeda43b5a4481452f6607b6a56"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UC4ZWVHVBSQAWHI5BWH5SC65DQ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UC4ZWVHVBSQAWHI5BWH5SC65DQ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UC4ZWVHVBSQAWHI5BWH5SC65DQ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-23T23:54:58Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/UC4ZWVHVBSQAWHI5BWH5SC65DQ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/UC4ZWVHVBSQAWHI5BWH5SC65DQ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/UC4ZWVHVBSQAWHI5BWH5SC65DQ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UC4ZWVHVBSQAWHI5BWH5SC65DQ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:UC4ZWVHVBSQAWHI5BWH5SC65DQ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f1b58a9d743fb48352b7045f51e65b2b92605507630df8b4c6e325e56e857431","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2012-05-30T14:33:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"39969ccc3e5e6bd4541a756cd2320347e43b6b240952f6f09845d371b545a124"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1205.6700","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1205.6700","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:54:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1205.6700v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:54:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1205.6700","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:54:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UC4ZWVHVBSQA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UC4ZWVHVBSQAWHI5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UC4ZWVHV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f9bf1e802d874c3e3e2e3bdf00c8453fdb0973eeda43b5a4481452f6607b6a56","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:54:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The success of \"infinite-inventory\" retailers such as Amazon.com and Netflix has been largely attributed to a \"long tail\" phenomenon. Although the majority of their inventory is not in high demand, these niche products, unavailable at limited-inventory competitors, generate a significant fraction of total revenue in aggregate. In addition, tail product availability can boost head sales by offering consumers the convenience of \"one-stop shopping\" for both their mainstream and niche tastes. However, most of existing recommender systems, especially collaborative filter based methods, can not reco","authors_text":"Bin Cui, Chen Chen, Hongzhi Yin, Jing Li, Junjie Yao","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2012-05-30T14:33:56Z","title":"Challenging the Long Tail Recommendation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1205.6700","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a4b710061e3d335ff8c2b8967d0d22431f5d4a0cb4368b117dda2bc8299a37e1","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:54:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f1b58a9d743fb48352b7045f51e65b2b92605507630df8b4c6e325e56e857431","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2012-05-30T14:33:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"39969ccc3e5e6bd4541a756cd2320347e43b6b240952f6f09845d371b545a124"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1205.6700","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"a0b99b54f50ca00b1d1d0d8fd90bdd1c3b047695f8dd4bb00fbf3a99ff9bbe21","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a0b99b54f50ca00b1d1d0d8fd90bdd1c3b047695f8dd4bb00fbf3a99ff9bbe21","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:54:38.132351Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:54:38.132351Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"l+I+cbKGotxdNJuuQQGjg2Z1z05KLuGKQqKmafHAiWgqb1nRQAmj9Ra7zkc8xRqS5GPtEoUCXZQCpcTnWukqDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:54:38.132927Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1205.6700","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a4b710061e3d335ff8c2b8967d0d22431f5d4a0cb4368b117dda2bc8299a37e1","sha256:f9bf1e802d874c3e3e2e3bdf00c8453fdb0973eeda43b5a4481452f6607b6a56"],"state_sha256":"2f1edcab5e4a366ba6da27029adb152af9dd6ad0c6b5b7e4f397c2045c84162d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"o33ekd/A++L4l3xe+Cce/OWipW1igwt08RBbDirPOESPzJPIq0EbQwlbVsuLtySeP7vJcGmG4NcuB5DwbcUFDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-23T23:54:58.583904Z","bundle_sha256":"b119cdf59433caed4ae7fbb0eb10af608c7ad5003be8c4fad3c83d92162aee40"}}