{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:UCECU35UTPHTTOAN4P6TMIPZQ4","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2a786eb2c3fc4acb586448351845ab91853170b072996f39aa7e88c3c955cf67","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2017-03-01T21:41:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"7bb0f0399f657c1b5e564b692beeb02232e5531134d5c840370f3d9b997fb26b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1703.00522","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1703.00522","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1703.00522v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1703.00522","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UCECU35UTPHT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UCECU35UTPHTTOAN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UCECU35U","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:46Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:63ecb2259c71aa8f4b396309aa6c9f601b240fad2449b6e11add84c746dfdd57","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"When training neural networks, the use of Synthetic Gradients (SG) allows layers or modules to be trained without update locking - without waiting for a true error gradient to be backpropagated - resulting in Decoupled Neural Interfaces (DNIs). This unlocked ability of being able to update parts of a neural network asynchronously and with only local information was demonstrated to work empirically in Jaderberg et al (2016). However, there has been very little demonstration of what changes DNIs and SGs impose from a functional, representational, and learning dynamics point of view. In this pape","authors_text":"Grzegorz \\'Swirszcz, Koray Kavukcuoglu, Max Jaderberg, Oriol Vinyals, Simon Osindero, Wojciech Marian Czarnecki","cross_cats":["cs.NE"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2017-03-01T21:41:09Z","title":"Understanding Synthetic Gradients and Decoupled Neural Interfaces"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1703.00522","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:69147eed03648edce9ebb9f34fc75f6225c9da5c821e3e46efe379d20ef0df52","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2a786eb2c3fc4acb586448351845ab91853170b072996f39aa7e88c3c955cf67","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2017-03-01T21:41:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"7bb0f0399f657c1b5e564b692beeb02232e5531134d5c840370f3d9b997fb26b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1703.00522","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"a0882a6fb49bcf39b80de3fd3621f987341f3dc67a2fb9a676ee0d37c5c0956a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a0882a6fb49bcf39b80de3fd3621f987341f3dc67a2fb9a676ee0d37c5c0956a","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:41.443697Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:41.443697Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"dBz607p1KEpW4YysUbCRVPUeP9W4R+2u/Y+ZOT6iMsz/BlN4SswVsITjomPGEaa3Wit6r/Ijwj5IHc1KmNbfAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:41.444224Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1703.00522","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:69147eed03648edce9ebb9f34fc75f6225c9da5c821e3e46efe379d20ef0df52","sha256:63ecb2259c71aa8f4b396309aa6c9f601b240fad2449b6e11add84c746dfdd57"],"state_sha256":"4ce5b6d33b6e4e677c3ee2ad72640b0324c83d588b64a70571e8c06caaad2d33"}