{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2012:UG5VQKFNUFYCPQSMHRAITMIEOM","short_pith_number":"pith:UG5VQKFN","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"a1bb5828ada17027c24c3c4089b1047316476a350929ad239aa457f3f0f044a4","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1211.6425","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Implementation of Sink Particles in the Athena Code","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","authors_text":"Eve C. Ostriker, Hao Gong","submitted_at":"2012-11-27T21:00:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"We describe implementation and tests of sink particle algorithms in the Eulerian grid-based code Athena. Introduction of sink particles enables long-term evolution of systems in which localized collapse occurs, and it is impractical (or unnecessary) to resolve the accretion shocks at the centers of collapsing regions. We discuss similarities and differences of our methods compared to other implementations of sink particles. Our criteria for sink creation are motivated by the properties of the Larson-Penston collapse solution. We use standard particle-mesh methods to compute particle and gas gr"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1211.6425","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2012-11-27T21:00:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"aedc0a9c7abb06286fb22619f6524b7202f1e0d80b1e505869d460a93730116a","abstract_canon_sha256":"2ba51bd52985645b51a119626214610576efcb99d9368f0f71c703216cfee5a5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:52:54.224597Z","signature_b64":"mKY+9qeeyk7HVTE3NwiEs9h0HALnIRlGCopIXYFPj+VXQC5+xKoviaCkyzMkL9RyXSp1vaPfJz0Dxg+njy4rAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a1bb5828ada17027c24c3c4089b1047316476a350929ad239aa457f3f0f044a4","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:52:54.224101Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:52:54.224101Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Implementation of Sink Particles in the Athena Code","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","authors_text":"Eve C. Ostriker, Hao Gong","submitted_at":"2012-11-27T21:00:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"We describe implementation and tests of sink particle algorithms in the Eulerian grid-based code Athena. Introduction of sink particles enables long-term evolution of systems in which localized collapse occurs, and it is impractical (or unnecessary) to resolve the accretion shocks at the centers of collapsing regions. We discuss similarities and differences of our methods compared to other implementations of sink particles. Our criteria for sink creation are motivated by the properties of the Larson-Penston collapse solution. We use standard particle-mesh methods to compute particle and gas gr"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1211.6425","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1211.6425","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:52:54.224176+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1211.6425v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:52:54.224176+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1211.6425","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:52:54.224176+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UG5VQKFNUFYC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23.164592+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UG5VQKFNUFYCPQSM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23.164592+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UG5VQKFN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23.164592+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/UG5VQKFNUFYCPQSMHRAITMIEOM","json":"https://pith.science/pith/UG5VQKFNUFYCPQSMHRAITMIEOM.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UG5VQKFNUFYCPQSMHRAITMIEOM/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UG5VQKFNUFYCPQSMHRAITMIEOM/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/UG5VQKFN"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/UG5VQKFNUFYCPQSMHRAITMIEOM","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/UG5VQKFNUFYCPQSMHRAITMIEOM.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/UG5VQKFN","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1211.6425&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UG5VQKFNUFYCPQSMHRAITMIEOM/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UG5VQKFNUFYCPQSMHRAITMIEOM/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/UG5VQKFNUFYCPQSMHRAITMIEOM/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/UG5VQKFNUFYCPQSMHRAITMIEOM/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/UG5VQKFNUFYCPQSMHRAITMIEOM/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/UG5VQKFNUFYCPQSMHRAITMIEOM/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/UG5VQKFNUFYCPQSMHRAITMIEOM/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:52:54.224176+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T01:52:54.224176+00:00"}