{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1998:UGIRRZJWIMQXWNZDWWSOJ5NOKC","short_pith_number":"pith:UGIRRZJW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9802020","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1998-02-02T18:03:21Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"9e3f41f237518df1c6d34cc41051c532d638bb5fd82c9b36f3456292f4a4d386","abstract_canon_sha256":"983b60564b02ad6fc686433219c2e3324ff4d4434a56c39b73c4dd1a90901793"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a19118e53643217b3723b5a4e4f5ae50aa6a2ef978ab6f874c2c0c57a1abdbd4","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"astro-ph/9802020","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/9802020","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/9802020v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9802020","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UGIRRZJWIMQX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UGIRRZJWIMQXWNZD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UGIRRZJW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:1998:UGIRRZJWIMQXWNZDWWSOJ5NOKC","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9802020","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1998-02-02T18:03:21Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"9e3f41f237518df1c6d34cc41051c532d638bb5fd82c9b36f3456292f4a4d386","abstract_canon_sha256":"983b60564b02ad6fc686433219c2e3324ff4d4434a56c39b73c4dd1a90901793"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a19118e53643217b3723b5a4e4f5ae50aa6a2ef978ab6f874c2c0c57a1abdbd4","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:37.803865Z","signature_b64":"/6VKrUYurSnwdtURBhG/6eqzr36NynNJsEntC7Rk9zJlkeXW3ETcComC/hJ8A5kC2dxCfwReFs9Oso90ikOrBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a19118e53643217b3723b5a4e4f5ae50aa6a2ef978ab6f874c2c0c57a1abdbd4","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:37.803245Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:37.803245Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"astro-ph/9802020","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tgrz+8Ievg/M1dbJe8FSfIt/ub5un6Dk+GDbxMR7zZfMQAlySPSV/aPVYfC7tgC0OcCS8s9zArrjUFfFwLt7CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T03:33:31.927031Z"},"content_sha256":"630316c885903cf0ba7bd13f1b5e27c56fc9c37d43e729aff569d005e5e49f73","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:630316c885903cf0ba7bd13f1b5e27c56fc9c37d43e729aff569d005e5e49f73"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:1998:UGIRRZJWIMQXWNZDWWSOJ5NOKC","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A simple model of magnetically induced warps","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"E. Battaner, Granada, J. Jimenez-Vicente (Depto. de Fisica Teorica y del Cosmos, Spain), Univ. de Granada","submitted_at":"1998-02-02T18:03:21Z","abstract_excerpt":"Assuming the magnetic hypothesis for the formation of warps, we deduce a very simple formula for the warp curve in an idealized scenario. According to this formula the warp rises as the third power of radius in the innermost warped region, reaches the maximum slope at intermediate radii and has an asymptotic slope coincident with the direction of the extragalactic magnetic field. In most cases, however, the galaxy's limited size prevents the observation of the full curve. Even though the model is highly simplified, it basically reproduces real warp curves, in particular the 21 cm warp curve of"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9802020","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"u/vb6jtjQwpfD7SWcopJyjDIzjdKiuLnFrDrxz2yGsktzi7etjlcn2hKPOWbPQ07nVgamFgqIWScVh+cDly7BA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T03:33:31.927736Z"},"content_sha256":"163569387995eac9d5b1a287309e15e4ac232bd6058ba5ccf5e91010005362b7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:163569387995eac9d5b1a287309e15e4ac232bd6058ba5ccf5e91010005362b7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UGIRRZJWIMQXWNZDWWSOJ5NOKC/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UGIRRZJWIMQXWNZDWWSOJ5NOKC/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UGIRRZJWIMQXWNZDWWSOJ5NOKC/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T03:33:31Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/UGIRRZJWIMQXWNZDWWSOJ5NOKC","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/UGIRRZJWIMQXWNZDWWSOJ5NOKC/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/UGIRRZJWIMQXWNZDWWSOJ5NOKC/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UGIRRZJWIMQXWNZDWWSOJ5NOKC/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1998:UGIRRZJWIMQXWNZDWWSOJ5NOKC","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"983b60564b02ad6fc686433219c2e3324ff4d4434a56c39b73c4dd1a90901793","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1998-02-02T18:03:21Z","title_canon_sha256":"9e3f41f237518df1c6d34cc41051c532d638bb5fd82c9b36f3456292f4a4d386"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/9802020","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/9802020","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/9802020v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9802020","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UGIRRZJWIMQX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UGIRRZJWIMQXWNZD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UGIRRZJW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:163569387995eac9d5b1a287309e15e4ac232bd6058ba5ccf5e91010005362b7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Assuming the magnetic hypothesis for the formation of warps, we deduce a very simple formula for the warp curve in an idealized scenario. According to this formula the warp rises as the third power of radius in the innermost warped region, reaches the maximum slope at intermediate radii and has an asymptotic slope coincident with the direction of the extragalactic magnetic field. In most cases, however, the galaxy's limited size prevents the observation of the full curve. Even though the model is highly simplified, it basically reproduces real warp curves, in particular the 21 cm warp curve of","authors_text":"E. Battaner, Granada, J. Jimenez-Vicente (Depto. de Fisica Teorica y del Cosmos, Spain), Univ. de Granada","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1998-02-02T18:03:21Z","title":"A simple model of magnetically induced warps"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9802020","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:630316c885903cf0ba7bd13f1b5e27c56fc9c37d43e729aff569d005e5e49f73","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"983b60564b02ad6fc686433219c2e3324ff4d4434a56c39b73c4dd1a90901793","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1998-02-02T18:03:21Z","title_canon_sha256":"9e3f41f237518df1c6d34cc41051c532d638bb5fd82c9b36f3456292f4a4d386"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/9802020","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"a19118e53643217b3723b5a4e4f5ae50aa6a2ef978ab6f874c2c0c57a1abdbd4","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a19118e53643217b3723b5a4e4f5ae50aa6a2ef978ab6f874c2c0c57a1abdbd4","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:37.803245Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:37.803245Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"/6VKrUYurSnwdtURBhG/6eqzr36NynNJsEntC7Rk9zJlkeXW3ETcComC/hJ8A5kC2dxCfwReFs9Oso90ikOrBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:37.803865Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"astro-ph/9802020","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:630316c885903cf0ba7bd13f1b5e27c56fc9c37d43e729aff569d005e5e49f73","sha256:163569387995eac9d5b1a287309e15e4ac232bd6058ba5ccf5e91010005362b7"],"state_sha256":"dc7be20107b13dc224a4931bac656660a5c0feb3c566f4e41bbdc7e1c234a953"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LD1R/cGWScCJP505aJP26USzxL7PzOSGUasiMDzSJktdMQTSFLvvPiDkkxsxUIYUoZSHiB6q8tQlOTecnsn8CA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T03:33:31.931368Z","bundle_sha256":"8a95433dd6d82fa8fb57c174105edaef8f2fed027aca3ebe3e51147816b7d213"}}