{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:UI2ENKHWHRFKZLV4JNBV6KWKNY","short_pith_number":"pith:UI2ENKHW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.03887","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2018-03-11T02:58:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"28f63e02fd12e8725a34c21f446d3c6c4b3cfe92d1f2f65d51518216d0c5b2be","abstract_canon_sha256":"824079332ff422ec6103f07e4839877227564cdb119e2dca3cf7729fa1417b46"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a23446a8f63c4aacaebc4b435f2aca6e33f8d63d0e30674754c65f29244b32a1","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1803.03887","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.03887","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.03887v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.03887","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UI2ENKHWHRFK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UI2ENKHWHRFKZLV4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UI2ENKHW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:56Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:UI2ENKHWHRFKZLV4JNBV6KWKNY","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.03887","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2018-03-11T02:58:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"28f63e02fd12e8725a34c21f446d3c6c4b3cfe92d1f2f65d51518216d0c5b2be","abstract_canon_sha256":"824079332ff422ec6103f07e4839877227564cdb119e2dca3cf7729fa1417b46"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a23446a8f63c4aacaebc4b435f2aca6e33f8d63d0e30674754c65f29244b32a1","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:33.527468Z","signature_b64":"+FzL7A2tcJNqbsbT4k5ChUHjQEI04XVqbK6Q/c1hqaFD64FNzzv319zocAsSz0GbQ7LHsIRTvhtEoFfRQQ4UAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a23446a8f63c4aacaebc4b435f2aca6e33f8d63d0e30674754c65f29244b32a1","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:33.526797Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:33.526797Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1803.03887","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KxGEB4YCoHnhQoUkwhxEpzNNtHzAvHmCRz2CnjVTzlPa64rVQf8S/Erz0sKW97fjh2rIKc+wEVLpEtsiFAeYCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T09:34:39.615908Z"},"content_sha256":"5059584591a26a0432bb436863e7855fb72b6ead5253ecf2edb40d4f657e3883","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5059584591a26a0432bb436863e7855fb72b6ead5253ecf2edb40d4f657e3883"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:UI2ENKHWHRFKZLV4JNBV6KWKNY","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Path of Vowel Raising in Chengdu Dialect of Mandarin","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Hai Hu, Yiwen Zhang","submitted_at":"2018-03-11T02:58:40Z","abstract_excerpt":"He and Rao (2013) reported a raising phenomenon of /a/ in /Xan/ (X being a consonant or a vowel) in Chengdu dialect of Mandarin, i.e. /a/ is realized as [epsilon] for young speakers but [ae] for older speakers, but they offered no acoustic analysis. We designed an acoustic study that examined the realization of /Xan/ in speakers of different age (old vs. young) and gender (male vs. female) groups, where X represents three conditions: 1) unaspirated consonants: C ([p], [t], [k]), 2) aspirated consonants: Ch ([ph], [th], [kh]), and 3) high vowels: V ([i], [y], [u]). 17 native speakers were asked"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.03887","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"dY4QaEhPPqzjmlWbtSLbkPFlKCaH4TCnWzA3XEVst8NVV6THf/eA8savwu11DSib8zyZPTXNL2oGTeUECIt/Dw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T09:34:39.616252Z"},"content_sha256":"bf7afde62d3b3e3fd5cd9bbc84fafef24c34cd064bb129ffb33151a31472a196","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bf7afde62d3b3e3fd5cd9bbc84fafef24c34cd064bb129ffb33151a31472a196"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UI2ENKHWHRFKZLV4JNBV6KWKNY/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UI2ENKHWHRFKZLV4JNBV6KWKNY/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UI2ENKHWHRFKZLV4JNBV6KWKNY/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T09:34:39Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/UI2ENKHWHRFKZLV4JNBV6KWKNY","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/UI2ENKHWHRFKZLV4JNBV6KWKNY/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/UI2ENKHWHRFKZLV4JNBV6KWKNY/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UI2ENKHWHRFKZLV4JNBV6KWKNY/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:UI2ENKHWHRFKZLV4JNBV6KWKNY","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"824079332ff422ec6103f07e4839877227564cdb119e2dca3cf7729fa1417b46","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2018-03-11T02:58:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"28f63e02fd12e8725a34c21f446d3c6c4b3cfe92d1f2f65d51518216d0c5b2be"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.03887","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.03887","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.03887v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.03887","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UI2ENKHWHRFK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UI2ENKHWHRFKZLV4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UI2ENKHW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:56Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:bf7afde62d3b3e3fd5cd9bbc84fafef24c34cd064bb129ffb33151a31472a196","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"He and Rao (2013) reported a raising phenomenon of /a/ in /Xan/ (X being a consonant or a vowel) in Chengdu dialect of Mandarin, i.e. /a/ is realized as [epsilon] for young speakers but [ae] for older speakers, but they offered no acoustic analysis. We designed an acoustic study that examined the realization of /Xan/ in speakers of different age (old vs. young) and gender (male vs. female) groups, where X represents three conditions: 1) unaspirated consonants: C ([p], [t], [k]), 2) aspirated consonants: Ch ([ph], [th], [kh]), and 3) high vowels: V ([i], [y], [u]). 17 native speakers were asked","authors_text":"Hai Hu, Yiwen Zhang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2018-03-11T02:58:40Z","title":"Path of Vowel Raising in Chengdu Dialect of Mandarin"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.03887","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:5059584591a26a0432bb436863e7855fb72b6ead5253ecf2edb40d4f657e3883","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"824079332ff422ec6103f07e4839877227564cdb119e2dca3cf7729fa1417b46","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2018-03-11T02:58:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"28f63e02fd12e8725a34c21f446d3c6c4b3cfe92d1f2f65d51518216d0c5b2be"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.03887","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"a23446a8f63c4aacaebc4b435f2aca6e33f8d63d0e30674754c65f29244b32a1","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a23446a8f63c4aacaebc4b435f2aca6e33f8d63d0e30674754c65f29244b32a1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:33.526797Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:33.526797Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"+FzL7A2tcJNqbsbT4k5ChUHjQEI04XVqbK6Q/c1hqaFD64FNzzv319zocAsSz0GbQ7LHsIRTvhtEoFfRQQ4UAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:33.527468Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1803.03887","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:5059584591a26a0432bb436863e7855fb72b6ead5253ecf2edb40d4f657e3883","sha256:bf7afde62d3b3e3fd5cd9bbc84fafef24c34cd064bb129ffb33151a31472a196"],"state_sha256":"51e22fba86c69a11f73ead42a2a041f0cf2e752b83e3e8005aea920842a135ab"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"J6j20mHcJtgyBhFbGw6m9HC8l3jXy2gKy5PuJzXDP5yS2dUpfpSykc0kvrLVrN/AiNWN0cq5v0ilops+c51xAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T09:34:39.618463Z","bundle_sha256":"9632bea4a5cfe00523a5183c940b94613e6b0da93bed072abb49b5f8da3fff33"}}