{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:UKON54VOYU7K7ICLWILSV3ZJVW","short_pith_number":"pith:UKON54VO","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2603.15442","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-03-16T15:44:52Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"ec8bef3aacd51ac5579924aab3ce5f4d5ec8b71754d0a381626d57e53fc31ead","abstract_canon_sha256":"22e70f216d6fbf8f5b5c14067fdfdc2a82c1048e274be0a9201f83c5187045a5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a29cdef2aec53eafa04bb2172aef29adb453f0e888283c0ef1ae35d0aef218dd","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2603.15442","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2603.15442","created_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2603.15442v3","created_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2603.15442","created_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UKON54VOYU7K","created_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UKON54VOYU7K7ICL","created_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UKON54VO","created_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:UKON54VOYU7K7ICLWILSV3ZJVW","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2603.15442","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-03-16T15:44:52Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"ec8bef3aacd51ac5579924aab3ce5f4d5ec8b71754d0a381626d57e53fc31ead","abstract_canon_sha256":"22e70f216d6fbf8f5b5c14067fdfdc2a82c1048e274be0a9201f83c5187045a5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a29cdef2aec53eafa04bb2172aef29adb453f0e888283c0ef1ae35d0aef218dd","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11.568809Z","signature_b64":"B9Sm9vSDOVgwY7SV/mRjJXQeeKIgOQoMQNkE4oKN2hBoN3UlOhxsHv5P670s0HOdEwXaL+M9ErgMr7g25soZCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a29cdef2aec53eafa04bb2172aef29adb453f0e888283c0ef1ae35d0aef218dd","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11.567784Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11.567784Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2603.15442","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KspLaOgDG3oyTeHYBbZ5WLK7xjMbjihJKN9TTeB2A5vJ5H1pTAsxGH17EGms0Dbwuas/dHVQPxsVAwvxziWpBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T08:44:05.574273Z"},"content_sha256":"3d25e0c96d029b3c3488acfa8231e068513a08348e679c1f9e3dfe8a551f7c25","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3d25e0c96d029b3c3488acfa8231e068513a08348e679c1f9e3dfe8a551f7c25"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:UKON54VOYU7K7ICLWILSV3ZJVW","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Approximate Models for Gravitational Memory","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"Large-distance approximation accurately describes particle motion in Pöschl-Teller gravitational waves","cross_cats":["hep-th"],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"M. Elbistan, P. A. Horvathy, P.-M. Zhang, Q-L Zhao","submitted_at":"2026-03-16T15:44:52Z","abstract_excerpt":"The large-distance approximation of a sandwich gravitational wave by a continuous but not necessarily smooth profile provides us with an approximate analytic description of particle motion in a gravitational wave as spelled out for the Poschl-Teller profile. Displacement Memory is obtained by fine-tuning the amplitude. The role of the 2nd solution of the Sturm-Liouville equation is highlighted. Similar results hold for a Gaussian and simple square profiles. Our approximate models are consistent with Carroll symmetry."},"claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"kind":"strongest_claim","text":"The large-distance approximation of a sandwich gravitational wave by a continuous but not necessarily smooth profile provides us with a surprisingly good analytic description of particle motion in a gravitational wave with Pöschl-Teller profile.","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C1","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"weakest_assumption","text":"That the large-distance limit remains accurate for the chosen continuous profiles and that the second Sturm-Liouville solution correctly captures the memory displacement without additional corrections from the wave's finite duration or non-smoothness.","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C2","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"one_line_summary","text":"Large-distance approximations for continuous sandwich gravitational wave profiles yield good analytic descriptions of particle motion for Pöschl-Teller, Gaussian, and square cases, consistent with Carroll symmetry.","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C3","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"headline","text":"Large-distance approximation accurately describes particle motion in Pöschl-Teller gravitational waves","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C4","attestation":"unclaimed"}],"snapshot_sha256":"94ab5f5a2ba3de996264a4e5f44cb4345e2cbf0619e6ee937732dfc0c15e1679"},"source":{"id":"2603.15442","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":"94b7be97-50ce-4a7b-a1fc-07d8b5507d7e","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"created_at":"2026-05-15T10:09:51.054380Z","strongest_claim":"The large-distance approximation of a sandwich gravitational wave by a continuous but not necessarily smooth profile provides us with a surprisingly good analytic description of particle motion in a gravitational wave with Pöschl-Teller profile.","one_line_summary":"Large-distance approximations for continuous sandwich gravitational wave profiles yield good analytic descriptions of particle motion for Pöschl-Teller, Gaussian, and square cases, consistent with Carroll symmetry.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","weakest_assumption":"That the large-distance limit remains accurate for the chosen continuous profiles and that the second Sturm-Liouville solution correctly captures the memory displacement without additional corrections from the wave's finite duration or non-smoothness.","pith_extraction_headline":"Large-distance approximation accurately describes particle motion in Pöschl-Teller gravitational waves"},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2603.15442/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":2,"snapshot_sha256":"e00d5b7db2d9aca9e9bc45406116616e0b5377ac6f7130c800fc34686905952d"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":"94b7be97-50ce-4a7b-a1fc-07d8b5507d7e"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"127yJSZx//XFpORnamg+0D0JoNrVeuw7l0qlBGbuXI4HE0LWDT3RamYN/eubvu8MKnMjJkcoUiRC9zX7ZI2BDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T08:44:05.575186Z"},"content_sha256":"af16bba66614620e276887a6023392e0c5d5b55420c829eded7709d6ad69d6a8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:af16bba66614620e276887a6023392e0c5d5b55420c829eded7709d6ad69d6a8"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UKON54VOYU7K7ICLWILSV3ZJVW/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UKON54VOYU7K7ICLWILSV3ZJVW/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UKON54VOYU7K7ICLWILSV3ZJVW/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-10T08:44:05Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/UKON54VOYU7K7ICLWILSV3ZJVW","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/UKON54VOYU7K7ICLWILSV3ZJVW/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/UKON54VOYU7K7ICLWILSV3ZJVW/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UKON54VOYU7K7ICLWILSV3ZJVW/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:UKON54VOYU7K7ICLWILSV3ZJVW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"22e70f216d6fbf8f5b5c14067fdfdc2a82c1048e274be0a9201f83c5187045a5","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-03-16T15:44:52Z","title_canon_sha256":"ec8bef3aacd51ac5579924aab3ce5f4d5ec8b71754d0a381626d57e53fc31ead"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2603.15442","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2603.15442","created_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2603.15442v3","created_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2603.15442","created_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UKON54VOYU7K","created_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UKON54VOYU7K7ICL","created_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UKON54VO","created_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:af16bba66614620e276887a6023392e0c5d5b55420c829eded7709d6ad69d6a8","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C1","kind":"strongest_claim","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","text":"The large-distance approximation of a sandwich gravitational wave by a continuous but not necessarily smooth profile provides us with a surprisingly good analytic description of particle motion in a gravitational wave with Pöschl-Teller profile."},{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C2","kind":"weakest_assumption","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","text":"That the large-distance limit remains accurate for the chosen continuous profiles and that the second Sturm-Liouville solution correctly captures the memory displacement without additional corrections from the wave's finite duration or non-smoothness."},{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C3","kind":"one_line_summary","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","text":"Large-distance approximations for continuous sandwich gravitational wave profiles yield good analytic descriptions of particle motion for Pöschl-Teller, Gaussian, and square cases, consistent with Carroll symmetry."},{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C4","kind":"headline","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","text":"Large-distance approximation accurately describes particle motion in Pöschl-Teller gravitational waves"}],"snapshot_sha256":"94ab5f5a2ba3de996264a4e5f44cb4345e2cbf0619e6ee937732dfc0c15e1679"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":2,"snapshot_sha256":"e00d5b7db2d9aca9e9bc45406116616e0b5377ac6f7130c800fc34686905952d"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2603.15442/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The large-distance approximation of a sandwich gravitational wave by a continuous but not necessarily smooth profile provides us with an approximate analytic description of particle motion in a gravitational wave as spelled out for the Poschl-Teller profile. Displacement Memory is obtained by fine-tuning the amplitude. The role of the 2nd solution of the Sturm-Liouville equation is highlighted. Similar results hold for a Gaussian and simple square profiles. Our approximate models are consistent with Carroll symmetry.","authors_text":"M. Elbistan, P. A. Horvathy, P.-M. Zhang, Q-L Zhao","cross_cats":["hep-th"],"headline":"Large-distance approximation accurately describes particle motion in Pöschl-Teller gravitational waves","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-03-16T15:44:52Z","title":"Approximate Models for Gravitational Memory"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2603.15442","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":"2026-05-15T10:09:51.054380Z","id":"94b7be97-50ce-4a7b-a1fc-07d8b5507d7e","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"one_line_summary":"Large-distance approximations for continuous sandwich gravitational wave profiles yield good analytic descriptions of particle motion for Pöschl-Teller, Gaussian, and square cases, consistent with Carroll symmetry.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","pith_extraction_headline":"Large-distance approximation accurately describes particle motion in Pöschl-Teller gravitational waves","strongest_claim":"The large-distance approximation of a sandwich gravitational wave by a continuous but not necessarily smooth profile provides us with a surprisingly good analytic description of particle motion in a gravitational wave with Pöschl-Teller profile.","weakest_assumption":"That the large-distance limit remains accurate for the chosen continuous profiles and that the second Sturm-Liouville solution correctly captures the memory displacement without additional corrections from the wave's finite duration or non-smoothness."}},"verdict_id":"94b7be97-50ce-4a7b-a1fc-07d8b5507d7e"}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3d25e0c96d029b3c3488acfa8231e068513a08348e679c1f9e3dfe8a551f7c25","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"22e70f216d6fbf8f5b5c14067fdfdc2a82c1048e274be0a9201f83c5187045a5","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-03-16T15:44:52Z","title_canon_sha256":"ec8bef3aacd51ac5579924aab3ce5f4d5ec8b71754d0a381626d57e53fc31ead"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2603.15442","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"a29cdef2aec53eafa04bb2172aef29adb453f0e888283c0ef1ae35d0aef218dd","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a29cdef2aec53eafa04bb2172aef29adb453f0e888283c0ef1ae35d0aef218dd","first_computed_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11.567784Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11.567784Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"B9Sm9vSDOVgwY7SV/mRjJXQeeKIgOQoMQNkE4oKN2hBoN3UlOhxsHv5P670s0HOdEwXaL+M9ErgMr7g25soZCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-26T02:03:11.568809Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2603.15442","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3d25e0c96d029b3c3488acfa8231e068513a08348e679c1f9e3dfe8a551f7c25","sha256:af16bba66614620e276887a6023392e0c5d5b55420c829eded7709d6ad69d6a8"],"state_sha256":"f5c7acda143c2cb2a0a72734ed68d0e2b431838fe173498079217c6038a87e93"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wX2yZqpkQkxc9s0BJT06wBSFbEelWFWCtTXTrXWBurkKI/lt/TA0nir4crh6IxRs7gHt3sE5IUR6cNoV0gHUAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T08:44:05.580251Z","bundle_sha256":"8546180cd7293f2fb9f51ad07984f878c68b7f65d729055ebcbc411d78c45811"}}