{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:ULCHWH7WAXZYOWV243MVAL76WD","short_pith_number":"pith:ULCHWH7W","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1503.01158","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2015-03-03T23:07:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"ba656acf26bebae9248743655c0f27979c327bd47a577305cdf2feeda21fdfdc","abstract_canon_sha256":"3ca308bfb03ad9be4cf59fb7325478b7622d39ed9089ecb7c53c0327fdaa33ad"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a2c47b1ff605f3875abae6d9502ffeb0c3ca4b7a0dd0f340b09369e6a2e2f61e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1503.01158","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1503.01158","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1503.01158v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1503.01158","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ULCHWH7WAXZY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ULCHWH7WAXZYOWV2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ULCHWH7W","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:ULCHWH7WAXZYOWV243MVAL76WD","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1503.01158","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2015-03-03T23:07:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"ba656acf26bebae9248743655c0f27979c327bd47a577305cdf2feeda21fdfdc","abstract_canon_sha256":"3ca308bfb03ad9be4cf59fb7325478b7622d39ed9089ecb7c53c0327fdaa33ad"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a2c47b1ff605f3875abae6d9502ffeb0c3ca4b7a0dd0f340b09369e6a2e2f61e","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54.187683Z","signature_b64":"kpKp5rJ8jSfV/8wkudJbu47yT7k8UtRdCvY2aHebmoqKRIM/9M40tMT1dzURWrzglXY6ELPVP2eE/3s54a92DQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a2c47b1ff605f3875abae6d9502ffeb0c3ca4b7a0dd0f340b09369e6a2e2f61e","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54.187204Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54.187204Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1503.01158","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"cwUiggkoNpxQRe9dLRZmEXmJxTPOMWM8IfHdSe4y8ZqGksdWtUqK5edbV73Yh9lAivZLGv3PioKLmTTUje3VCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T09:34:57.053639Z"},"content_sha256":"9a89af69ea9bbf503f014c2eed9d485326353a03c4799719c52112de466f1049","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9a89af69ea9bbf503f014c2eed9d485326353a03c4799719c52112de466f1049"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:ULCHWH7WAXZYOWV243MVAL76WD","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Meta-Analysis of the Anomaly Detection Problem","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"primary_cat":"cs.AI","authors_text":"Alan Fern, Andrew Emmott, Shubhomoy Das, Thomas Dietterich, Weng-Keen Wong","submitted_at":"2015-03-03T23:07:37Z","abstract_excerpt":"This article provides a thorough meta-analysis of the anomaly detection problem. To accomplish this we first identify approaches to benchmarking anomaly detection algorithms across the literature and produce a large corpus of anomaly detection benchmarks that vary in their construction across several dimensions we deem important to real-world applications: (a) point difficulty, (b) relative frequency of anomalies, (c) clusteredness of anomalies, and (d) relevance of features. We apply a representative set of anomaly detection algorithms to this corpus, yielding a very large collection of exper"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1503.01158","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"JJE4QABZ5V8Md98jmVM5Phhqx8ovG7tfJ+Cvl/EApxkwZmzrOrJ1bGsFWJ+fZGIoRk6uXhUuo3mkkJJqVRCnCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T09:34:57.054363Z"},"content_sha256":"77ab009afa6cfec231e8c804d920858f88fc80264f09c785a400f4884e643fc0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:77ab009afa6cfec231e8c804d920858f88fc80264f09c785a400f4884e643fc0"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ULCHWH7WAXZYOWV243MVAL76WD/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ULCHWH7WAXZYOWV243MVAL76WD/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ULCHWH7WAXZYOWV243MVAL76WD/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T09:34:57Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ULCHWH7WAXZYOWV243MVAL76WD","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ULCHWH7WAXZYOWV243MVAL76WD/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ULCHWH7WAXZYOWV243MVAL76WD/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ULCHWH7WAXZYOWV243MVAL76WD/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:ULCHWH7WAXZYOWV243MVAL76WD","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3ca308bfb03ad9be4cf59fb7325478b7622d39ed9089ecb7c53c0327fdaa33ad","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2015-03-03T23:07:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"ba656acf26bebae9248743655c0f27979c327bd47a577305cdf2feeda21fdfdc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1503.01158","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1503.01158","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1503.01158v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1503.01158","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ULCHWH7WAXZY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ULCHWH7WAXZYOWV2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ULCHWH7W","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:77ab009afa6cfec231e8c804d920858f88fc80264f09c785a400f4884e643fc0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This article provides a thorough meta-analysis of the anomaly detection problem. To accomplish this we first identify approaches to benchmarking anomaly detection algorithms across the literature and produce a large corpus of anomaly detection benchmarks that vary in their construction across several dimensions we deem important to real-world applications: (a) point difficulty, (b) relative frequency of anomalies, (c) clusteredness of anomalies, and (d) relevance of features. We apply a representative set of anomaly detection algorithms to this corpus, yielding a very large collection of exper","authors_text":"Alan Fern, Andrew Emmott, Shubhomoy Das, Thomas Dietterich, Weng-Keen Wong","cross_cats":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2015-03-03T23:07:37Z","title":"A Meta-Analysis of the Anomaly Detection Problem"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1503.01158","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:9a89af69ea9bbf503f014c2eed9d485326353a03c4799719c52112de466f1049","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3ca308bfb03ad9be4cf59fb7325478b7622d39ed9089ecb7c53c0327fdaa33ad","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2015-03-03T23:07:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"ba656acf26bebae9248743655c0f27979c327bd47a577305cdf2feeda21fdfdc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1503.01158","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"a2c47b1ff605f3875abae6d9502ffeb0c3ca4b7a0dd0f340b09369e6a2e2f61e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a2c47b1ff605f3875abae6d9502ffeb0c3ca4b7a0dd0f340b09369e6a2e2f61e","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54.187204Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54.187204Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"kpKp5rJ8jSfV/8wkudJbu47yT7k8UtRdCvY2aHebmoqKRIM/9M40tMT1dzURWrzglXY6ELPVP2eE/3s54a92DQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:54.187683Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1503.01158","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:9a89af69ea9bbf503f014c2eed9d485326353a03c4799719c52112de466f1049","sha256:77ab009afa6cfec231e8c804d920858f88fc80264f09c785a400f4884e643fc0"],"state_sha256":"fe721addabd91077162643efb14e39ed0f813e0c424b9bc218f15cb72c977a0f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"VSEgcV20HS4jTwzldvw74Kfps3CT0tYvG4RMf2hEL4NNO6ROpF2YYg4dIrJ1XNok+a5yEdwqC0xN7dcKcuNMDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T09:34:57.058287Z","bundle_sha256":"88598772db69ce8d1825b2f37dc34c9c06514a4096b6fe775a35282bc5e80065"}}