{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:ULK24PY5VY75OWAPKB4LHU2HZC","short_pith_number":"pith:ULK24PY5","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2007.06396","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2020-07-13T14:20:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"0a403e68a46a2c3c7db45f2665f0646139791161b0a6193fdddaec9a8e9ec4d6","abstract_canon_sha256":"4604154916645a2d23dc33ff294a970a2fb4a4be9ef8343f7fe3ac01d468e4f1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a2d5ae3f1dae3fd7580f5078b3d347c8bfc4c524d1489624478445d9643fe471","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2007.06396","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2007.06396","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2007.06396v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2007.06396","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ULK24PY5VY75","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ULK24PY5VY75OWAP","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ULK24PY5","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:ULK24PY5VY75OWAPKB4LHU2HZC","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2007.06396","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2020-07-13T14:20:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"0a403e68a46a2c3c7db45f2665f0646139791161b0a6193fdddaec9a8e9ec4d6","abstract_canon_sha256":"4604154916645a2d23dc33ff294a970a2fb4a4be9ef8343f7fe3ac01d468e4f1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a2d5ae3f1dae3fd7580f5078b3d347c8bfc4c524d1489624478445d9643fe471","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12.646617Z","signature_b64":"L0diKu5jZQlDZ44JLGN4VN685/jJG8W6axmRGnW5EU2hi5pk8JvfsMdohkOJ5kHTavI6OhfbP4arrTN7Xtj4BA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a2d5ae3f1dae3fd7580f5078b3d347c8bfc4c524d1489624478445d9643fe471","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12.646121Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12.646121Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2007.06396","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"DxsotQxwANM3L6gJ5pXpQPcZO9alFSRd8FoLa9o5pN0VFQ+WuJJITGugXPYiFt97+S0/0lcBwaR8aR6jU4KRCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T03:53:07.955892Z"},"content_sha256":"ee377705d586701ee9c18de215436e159680c4b82270df4e736e0b194c7cd717","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ee377705d586701ee9c18de215436e159680c4b82270df4e736e0b194c7cd717"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:ULK24PY5VY75OWAPKB4LHU2HZC","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Crowds in front of bottlenecks at entrances from the perspective of physics and social psychology","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","authors_text":"Anna Sieben, Armin Seyfried, Juliane Adrian","submitted_at":"2020-07-13T14:20:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"This article presents an interdisciplinary study of physical and social psychological effects on crowd dynamics based on a series of bottleneck experiments. Bottlenecks are of particular interest for applications such as crowd management and design of emergency routes because they limit the performance of a facility. In addition to previous work on the dynamics within the bottleneck, this study focuses on the dynamics in front of the bottleneck, more specifically, at entrances. The experimental setup simulates an entrance scenario to a concert consisting of an entrance gate (serving as bottlen"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2007.06396","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2007.06396/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RjoMVAqJy7xOZzolRg2WDfO2r6vHQUq/1BGFBVdImNFzpBtO73wWUOqyFTdbjM5F5kiU13QyULZ3LvAcCMR9Dw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T03:53:07.956393Z"},"content_sha256":"8df68acf3d0e05ccddb40b119f1b758c72a10f47f091837e37c696f09e733ddc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8df68acf3d0e05ccddb40b119f1b758c72a10f47f091837e37c696f09e733ddc"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ULK24PY5VY75OWAPKB4LHU2HZC/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ULK24PY5VY75OWAPKB4LHU2HZC/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ULK24PY5VY75OWAPKB4LHU2HZC/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-23T03:53:07Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ULK24PY5VY75OWAPKB4LHU2HZC","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ULK24PY5VY75OWAPKB4LHU2HZC/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ULK24PY5VY75OWAPKB4LHU2HZC/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ULK24PY5VY75OWAPKB4LHU2HZC/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:ULK24PY5VY75OWAPKB4LHU2HZC","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4604154916645a2d23dc33ff294a970a2fb4a4be9ef8343f7fe3ac01d468e4f1","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2020-07-13T14:20:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"0a403e68a46a2c3c7db45f2665f0646139791161b0a6193fdddaec9a8e9ec4d6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2007.06396","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2007.06396","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2007.06396v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2007.06396","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ULK24PY5VY75","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ULK24PY5VY75OWAP","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ULK24PY5","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:8df68acf3d0e05ccddb40b119f1b758c72a10f47f091837e37c696f09e733ddc","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2007.06396/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This article presents an interdisciplinary study of physical and social psychological effects on crowd dynamics based on a series of bottleneck experiments. Bottlenecks are of particular interest for applications such as crowd management and design of emergency routes because they limit the performance of a facility. In addition to previous work on the dynamics within the bottleneck, this study focuses on the dynamics in front of the bottleneck, more specifically, at entrances. The experimental setup simulates an entrance scenario to a concert consisting of an entrance gate (serving as bottlen","authors_text":"Anna Sieben, Armin Seyfried, Juliane Adrian","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2020-07-13T14:20:04Z","title":"Crowds in front of bottlenecks at entrances from the perspective of physics and social psychology"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2007.06396","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ee377705d586701ee9c18de215436e159680c4b82270df4e736e0b194c7cd717","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4604154916645a2d23dc33ff294a970a2fb4a4be9ef8343f7fe3ac01d468e4f1","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2020-07-13T14:20:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"0a403e68a46a2c3c7db45f2665f0646139791161b0a6193fdddaec9a8e9ec4d6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2007.06396","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"a2d5ae3f1dae3fd7580f5078b3d347c8bfc4c524d1489624478445d9643fe471","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a2d5ae3f1dae3fd7580f5078b3d347c8bfc4c524d1489624478445d9643fe471","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12.646121Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12.646121Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"L0diKu5jZQlDZ44JLGN4VN685/jJG8W6axmRGnW5EU2hi5pk8JvfsMdohkOJ5kHTavI6OhfbP4arrTN7Xtj4BA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:18:12.646617Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2007.06396","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ee377705d586701ee9c18de215436e159680c4b82270df4e736e0b194c7cd717","sha256:8df68acf3d0e05ccddb40b119f1b758c72a10f47f091837e37c696f09e733ddc"],"state_sha256":"7b755c977d23d9c828fc8519fe086744529dcaa05d79f19d10501a9fb5f5d351"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HzOkOw8pVDGZ9yhbMKWWx0FZcqNCdvG5t6IjOzlNAxgv0AWru9R2I+KC4jUd6zR1ZsbgnCEKvl1ezIN5+wCEDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T03:53:07.960864Z","bundle_sha256":"322eebeaa9fde34eda4d6fb75b4f5e279d812f03e8ac726b3b3a386b20c4ac09"}}