{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:UMBM4EEZ2K6JSSVMLRMYG6BE27","short_pith_number":"pith:UMBM4EEZ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1509.04891","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2015-09-16T11:49:39Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"336669788c0d2e9780171d0cf58dc70916dba1e2190f6b05e3aae4ce02c92659","abstract_canon_sha256":"f141f5b62a035b493f23a2494e854350aebcccbff6d2045b8a4f4d041418b8b4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a302ce1099d2bc994aac5c59837824d7e48b5c9f30160a8b62134c98ec7798fb","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1509.04891","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1509.04891","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1509.04891v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1509.04891","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UMBM4EEZ2K6J","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UMBM4EEZ2K6JSSVM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UMBM4EEZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:UMBM4EEZ2K6JSSVMLRMYG6BE27","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1509.04891","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2015-09-16T11:49:39Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"336669788c0d2e9780171d0cf58dc70916dba1e2190f6b05e3aae4ce02c92659","abstract_canon_sha256":"f141f5b62a035b493f23a2494e854350aebcccbff6d2045b8a4f4d041418b8b4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a302ce1099d2bc994aac5c59837824d7e48b5c9f30160a8b62134c98ec7798fb","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:23.253411Z","signature_b64":"HakQZXW4E4LrE4EoSCT4PbdP8mlFwkfMw+CoakzYmjhlAxN3E+tZca12RgPD40+TmA95hicwz2CrjosPAY5PDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a302ce1099d2bc994aac5c59837824d7e48b5c9f30160a8b62134c98ec7798fb","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:23.252696Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:23.252696Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1509.04891","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"SsRxw++UGgOsOYkXsFfuxLc0bc8NDoeNTDJ+MspvItKw5TqREQx03mmoOk2b8bSkdUDNnGmrVDy7LY/b/8m2Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T05:45:14.989077Z"},"content_sha256":"3324c652133b789d32ce3d48e6db485d36294388777a9ef98a359d02fce9698a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3324c652133b789d32ce3d48e6db485d36294388777a9ef98a359d02fce9698a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:UMBM4EEZ2K6JSSVMLRMYG6BE27","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Non-Abelian Stokes theorem for the Wilson loop operator in an arbitrary representation and its implication to quark confinement","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-ph"],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Kei-Ichi Kondo, Ryutaro Matsudo","submitted_at":"2015-09-16T11:49:39Z","abstract_excerpt":"We give a gauge-independent definition of magnetic monopoles in the $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills theory through the Wilson loop operator. For this purpose, we give an explicit proof of the Diakonov-Petrov version of the non-Abelian Stokes theorem for the Wilson loop operator in an arbitrary representation of the $SU(N)$ gauge group to derive a new form for the non-Abelian Stokes theorem. The new form is used to extract the magnetic-monopole contribution to the Wilson loop operator in a gauge-invariant way, which enables us to discuss confinement of quarks in any representation from the viewpoint of the "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1509.04891","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mTi+N6zQfzNHoL/F8ovadndqlIeLP+lUUSEoPFCayOk1JeMpXLOxNRFp58w2vpd1/BD45ATtQ5nNnRrpi8SWCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T05:45:14.989442Z"},"content_sha256":"3c79437c1a1240b2f902ee16a407f8ec2a461f8647256296b3670fa6cc4f389e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3c79437c1a1240b2f902ee16a407f8ec2a461f8647256296b3670fa6cc4f389e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UMBM4EEZ2K6JSSVMLRMYG6BE27/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UMBM4EEZ2K6JSSVMLRMYG6BE27/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UMBM4EEZ2K6JSSVMLRMYG6BE27/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T05:45:14Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/UMBM4EEZ2K6JSSVMLRMYG6BE27","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/UMBM4EEZ2K6JSSVMLRMYG6BE27/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/UMBM4EEZ2K6JSSVMLRMYG6BE27/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UMBM4EEZ2K6JSSVMLRMYG6BE27/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:UMBM4EEZ2K6JSSVMLRMYG6BE27","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f141f5b62a035b493f23a2494e854350aebcccbff6d2045b8a4f4d041418b8b4","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2015-09-16T11:49:39Z","title_canon_sha256":"336669788c0d2e9780171d0cf58dc70916dba1e2190f6b05e3aae4ce02c92659"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1509.04891","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1509.04891","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1509.04891v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1509.04891","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UMBM4EEZ2K6J","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UMBM4EEZ2K6JSSVM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UMBM4EEZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3c79437c1a1240b2f902ee16a407f8ec2a461f8647256296b3670fa6cc4f389e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We give a gauge-independent definition of magnetic monopoles in the $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills theory through the Wilson loop operator. For this purpose, we give an explicit proof of the Diakonov-Petrov version of the non-Abelian Stokes theorem for the Wilson loop operator in an arbitrary representation of the $SU(N)$ gauge group to derive a new form for the non-Abelian Stokes theorem. The new form is used to extract the magnetic-monopole contribution to the Wilson loop operator in a gauge-invariant way, which enables us to discuss confinement of quarks in any representation from the viewpoint of the ","authors_text":"Kei-Ichi Kondo, Ryutaro Matsudo","cross_cats":["hep-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2015-09-16T11:49:39Z","title":"Non-Abelian Stokes theorem for the Wilson loop operator in an arbitrary representation and its implication to quark confinement"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1509.04891","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3324c652133b789d32ce3d48e6db485d36294388777a9ef98a359d02fce9698a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f141f5b62a035b493f23a2494e854350aebcccbff6d2045b8a4f4d041418b8b4","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2015-09-16T11:49:39Z","title_canon_sha256":"336669788c0d2e9780171d0cf58dc70916dba1e2190f6b05e3aae4ce02c92659"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1509.04891","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"a302ce1099d2bc994aac5c59837824d7e48b5c9f30160a8b62134c98ec7798fb","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a302ce1099d2bc994aac5c59837824d7e48b5c9f30160a8b62134c98ec7798fb","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:23.252696Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:23.252696Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"HakQZXW4E4LrE4EoSCT4PbdP8mlFwkfMw+CoakzYmjhlAxN3E+tZca12RgPD40+TmA95hicwz2CrjosPAY5PDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:23.253411Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1509.04891","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3324c652133b789d32ce3d48e6db485d36294388777a9ef98a359d02fce9698a","sha256:3c79437c1a1240b2f902ee16a407f8ec2a461f8647256296b3670fa6cc4f389e"],"state_sha256":"8ffe419d01aac07c0b6e8ecdd2ef60b166e79d876f66ea836fd6fa5be267e54f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zG9TzpMv5ui/Pey4YX6i1JoaLwGV+5OF16ZkirLInR5iSnbwPzfFvTTha+OVKS7U1fKZ4FvXw7vGeJxCXG5qDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T05:45:14.991247Z","bundle_sha256":"5c98bc3ebfacba6f0b5736b5de3b9116753651bd67535e13de4125e9b68c9ff2"}}