{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2011:UOFBXAVM3JG754HFVCAZ7Q6E2L","short_pith_number":"pith:UOFBXAVM","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"a38a1b82acda4dfef0e5a8819fc3c4d2e39e6b61d506f751bee22d582beed49c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1111.0028","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Ring galaxies from off-centre collisions","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"(2) ITP, L. Mayer (2) ((1) INAF-OAPD, M. Mapelli (1), University of Zurich)","submitted_at":"2011-10-31T21:00:37Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the formation of RE galaxies (i.e. of collisional ring galaxies with an empty ring), with N-body/SPH simulations. The simulations employ a recipe for star formation (SF) and feedback that has been shown to be crucial to produce realistic galaxies in a cosmological context. We show that RE galaxies can form via off-centre collisions (i.e. with a non-zero impact parameter), even for small inclination angles. The ring can be either a complete ring or an arc, depending on the initial conditions (especially on the impact parameter). In our simulations, the nucleus of the target galax"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1111.0028","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2011-10-31T21:00:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6b3768f066d52c5886e3585f79cb6abc3283678afd5d421f4c96377d8b054282","abstract_canon_sha256":"e0b8c66da4abccfb939c04d4ec425dbd2ed2cc45aee7d6aee85fd5f9298f0d2d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:49.303501Z","signature_b64":"Yv7P/zFxv6v3h6XxjWssoKJQNBEk7urwfMkVXjU4NAKltfvVTmFqZe7rH2ib1duTAQaVt4nX1aUN4VShRGyfDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a38a1b82acda4dfef0e5a8819fc3c4d2e39e6b61d506f751bee22d582beed49c","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:49.302703Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:49.302703Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Ring galaxies from off-centre collisions","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"(2) ITP, L. Mayer (2) ((1) INAF-OAPD, M. Mapelli (1), University of Zurich)","submitted_at":"2011-10-31T21:00:37Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the formation of RE galaxies (i.e. of collisional ring galaxies with an empty ring), with N-body/SPH simulations. The simulations employ a recipe for star formation (SF) and feedback that has been shown to be crucial to produce realistic galaxies in a cosmological context. We show that RE galaxies can form via off-centre collisions (i.e. with a non-zero impact parameter), even for small inclination angles. The ring can be either a complete ring or an arc, depending on the initial conditions (especially on the impact parameter). In our simulations, the nucleus of the target galax"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1111.0028","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1111.0028","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:49.302845+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1111.0028v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:49.302845+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1111.0028","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:49.302845+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UOFBXAVM3JG7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:42.757692+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UOFBXAVM3JG754HF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:42.757692+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UOFBXAVM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:42.757692+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/UOFBXAVM3JG754HFVCAZ7Q6E2L","json":"https://pith.science/pith/UOFBXAVM3JG754HFVCAZ7Q6E2L.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UOFBXAVM3JG754HFVCAZ7Q6E2L/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UOFBXAVM3JG754HFVCAZ7Q6E2L/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/UOFBXAVM"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/UOFBXAVM3JG754HFVCAZ7Q6E2L","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/UOFBXAVM3JG754HFVCAZ7Q6E2L.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/UOFBXAVM","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1111.0028&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UOFBXAVM3JG754HFVCAZ7Q6E2L/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UOFBXAVM3JG754HFVCAZ7Q6E2L/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/UOFBXAVM3JG754HFVCAZ7Q6E2L/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/UOFBXAVM3JG754HFVCAZ7Q6E2L/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/UOFBXAVM3JG754HFVCAZ7Q6E2L/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/UOFBXAVM3JG754HFVCAZ7Q6E2L/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/UOFBXAVM3JG754HFVCAZ7Q6E2L/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:49.302845+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:49.302845+00:00"}