{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:UPWJGOODJM7R6P4S5PCH32IS2D","short_pith_number":"pith:UPWJGOOD","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1303.2219","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2013-03-09T15:12:46Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IT","math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"4923cc52c83286b7eb93d04c497d945bb569234c823b2b5d75b7f09f689a1320","abstract_canon_sha256":"cdc40aadbeae2f50d092fdd4a6def38cdee4abe5861f012fc7a80b0210136cdb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a3ec9339c34b3f1f3f92ebc47de912d0d76c7da4a77280f78e2485c8a9e8127d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1303.2219","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1303.2219","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1303.2219v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1303.2219","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UPWJGOODJM7R","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UPWJGOODJM7R6P4S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UPWJGOOD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:02Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:UPWJGOODJM7R6P4S5PCH32IS2D","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1303.2219","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2013-03-09T15:12:46Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IT","math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"4923cc52c83286b7eb93d04c497d945bb569234c823b2b5d75b7f09f689a1320","abstract_canon_sha256":"cdc40aadbeae2f50d092fdd4a6def38cdee4abe5861f012fc7a80b0210136cdb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a3ec9339c34b3f1f3f92ebc47de912d0d76c7da4a77280f78e2485c8a9e8127d","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:19.660158Z","signature_b64":"vlkuQlhf00Wddm+N2AsuDAdsmB6K+KS2VZID/L7EeLmn8l2FQwgG/NhD66rc1H4QEfEOn0a59mAKQhFTCibNCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a3ec9339c34b3f1f3f92ebc47de912d0d76c7da4a77280f78e2485c8a9e8127d","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:19.659577Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:19.659577Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1303.2219","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:19Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KqT16VIs/IS+9l9ybQzTQzo9GtlsiCS/mf4h1j+2km4koi/hRCDHPyQnEtlbRiP3OAFwtYjkOXT0rmmVCWaFBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T12:54:04.213900Z"},"content_sha256":"f94f13e81a20ba412de5b9369fc26ef90da7a76401ea9781f969840454349bb9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f94f13e81a20ba412de5b9369fc26ef90da7a76401ea9781f969840454349bb9"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:UPWJGOODJM7R6P4S5PCH32IS2D","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Vernam cipher is robust to small deviations from randomness","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.IT","math.IT"],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Boris Ryabko","submitted_at":"2013-03-09T15:12:46Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Vernam cipher (or one-time pad) has played an important rule in cryptography because it is a perfect secrecy system. For example, if an English text (presented in binary system) $X_1 X_2 ... $ is enciphered according to the formula $Z_i = (X_i + Y_i) \\mod 2 $, where $Y_1 Y_2 ...$ is a key sequence generated by the Bernoulli source with equal probabilities of 0 and 1, anyone who knows $Z_1 Z_2 ... $ has no information about $X_1 X_2 ... $ without the knowledge of the key $Y_1 Y_2 ...$. (The best strategy is to guess $X_1 X_2 ... $ not paying attention to $Z_1 Z_2 ... $.)\n  But what should o"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1303.2219","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:19Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"BBTiG34Q+Husl0vxjFspLL8JTvcbERG6Ggmfn87ouFRQY68JK4RvrqD0J3f5gm+ZVT0PXet4B+BoStfYKiNJBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T12:54:04.214528Z"},"content_sha256":"688e8ab1c30bf00cb5e452b6f3919033a7451aa9290e5987009a5be1fa212f7f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:688e8ab1c30bf00cb5e452b6f3919033a7451aa9290e5987009a5be1fa212f7f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UPWJGOODJM7R6P4S5PCH32IS2D/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UPWJGOODJM7R6P4S5PCH32IS2D/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UPWJGOODJM7R6P4S5PCH32IS2D/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T12:54:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/UPWJGOODJM7R6P4S5PCH32IS2D","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/UPWJGOODJM7R6P4S5PCH32IS2D/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/UPWJGOODJM7R6P4S5PCH32IS2D/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UPWJGOODJM7R6P4S5PCH32IS2D/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:UPWJGOODJM7R6P4S5PCH32IS2D","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cdc40aadbeae2f50d092fdd4a6def38cdee4abe5861f012fc7a80b0210136cdb","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IT","math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2013-03-09T15:12:46Z","title_canon_sha256":"4923cc52c83286b7eb93d04c497d945bb569234c823b2b5d75b7f09f689a1320"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1303.2219","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1303.2219","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1303.2219v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1303.2219","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UPWJGOODJM7R","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UPWJGOODJM7R6P4S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UPWJGOOD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:02Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:688e8ab1c30bf00cb5e452b6f3919033a7451aa9290e5987009a5be1fa212f7f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:19Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The Vernam cipher (or one-time pad) has played an important rule in cryptography because it is a perfect secrecy system. For example, if an English text (presented in binary system) $X_1 X_2 ... $ is enciphered according to the formula $Z_i = (X_i + Y_i) \\mod 2 $, where $Y_1 Y_2 ...$ is a key sequence generated by the Bernoulli source with equal probabilities of 0 and 1, anyone who knows $Z_1 Z_2 ... $ has no information about $X_1 X_2 ... $ without the knowledge of the key $Y_1 Y_2 ...$. (The best strategy is to guess $X_1 X_2 ... $ not paying attention to $Z_1 Z_2 ... $.)\n  But what should o","authors_text":"Boris Ryabko","cross_cats":["cs.IT","math.IT"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2013-03-09T15:12:46Z","title":"The Vernam cipher is robust to small deviations from randomness"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1303.2219","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f94f13e81a20ba412de5b9369fc26ef90da7a76401ea9781f969840454349bb9","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:19Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cdc40aadbeae2f50d092fdd4a6def38cdee4abe5861f012fc7a80b0210136cdb","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IT","math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2013-03-09T15:12:46Z","title_canon_sha256":"4923cc52c83286b7eb93d04c497d945bb569234c823b2b5d75b7f09f689a1320"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1303.2219","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"a3ec9339c34b3f1f3f92ebc47de912d0d76c7da4a77280f78e2485c8a9e8127d","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a3ec9339c34b3f1f3f92ebc47de912d0d76c7da4a77280f78e2485c8a9e8127d","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:19.659577Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:19.659577Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"vlkuQlhf00Wddm+N2AsuDAdsmB6K+KS2VZID/L7EeLmn8l2FQwgG/NhD66rc1H4QEfEOn0a59mAKQhFTCibNCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:19.660158Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1303.2219","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f94f13e81a20ba412de5b9369fc26ef90da7a76401ea9781f969840454349bb9","sha256:688e8ab1c30bf00cb5e452b6f3919033a7451aa9290e5987009a5be1fa212f7f"],"state_sha256":"57e3995aee95f86a6a341b88d3461c8e59ebf8868dbb9da4a18a3aa77a545c85"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Jy9sPkIaTmgbs46LjZaOM28XloRHc40Xym2ugCvcsmVGs1tgnLXrotaICTc22nplu+yDTWFy/3QgATwER96kDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T12:54:04.217477Z","bundle_sha256":"22aaf2fa023834ca4ca58178e86ac6caea3e16821c64c7768ba16725842675ca"}}